Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:5.99.1.2 (topoisomerase)
 9,166 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Several clinical trials carried out during the last decade clearly show that concomitant radiotherapy and chemotherapy significantly improves local control in a variety of advanced solid tumours. In most of these trials, cisplatin alone or in combination with other drugs has been used. This has led to improved survival rates in head and neck, lung and cervical cancer. The interaction of radiotherapy with chemotherapy for these solid tumours appears to be schedule-dependent, as no such an improvement was observed with neo-adjuvant chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy in eight out of nine clinical trials in cervical cancer. A major advantage of this combined modality treatment is organ preservation possible for patients with advanced larynx or anal cancer. Major further improvement can be expected from the design and exploration of drugs that influence the pathways leading to cell death after irradiation. Examples include topoisomerase 1 (topo1) inhibitors, alkyl-lysophospholipids, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) receptor inhibitors.
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PMID:The combined use of radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the treatment of solid tumours. 1180 38

The cure rate for several solid tumour malignancies including breast cancers, head and neck cancers, bone cancers, and sarcoma has improved remarkably with the advent of neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapies. Unfortunately, exposure to chemotherapy or radiation as a part of these treatments exposes patients to the risk of subsequent myeloid malignancies. Therapy related myeloid malignancies have certain characteristic findings. They typically arise within 10 years of treatment exposure, they are seen in younger patients, and the greatest risk is in patients who receive therapy with alkylating agents or topoisomerase II inhibitors. Solid tumours whose therapies utilize these agents at higher doses, namely bone/soft tissue cancers, testicular cancer, anal cancer, and brain tumours, appear to be the groups at highest risk for T-MN. Beyond these patients, emerging populations diagnosed with T-MN include prior platinum exposure, and patients requiring G-CSF support with chemotherapy.
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PMID:Myeloid malignancies after treatment for solid tumours. 3092 74