Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:4.6.1.2 (guanylate cyclase)
 8,497 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Over 2,800 Tn 5 insertion mutants of Salmonella enterica sv. Typhimurium were screened for the loss of ability to suppress the multiplication of a spectinomycin-resistant (Spc(r)) but otherwise isogenic S. enterica sv. Typhimurium strain, when the Spc(r) mutant was added to 24-h LB broth cultures of the mutants. Selected "growth non-suppressive" (GNS) mutants were defective in respiration (insertions in arcA and fnr), amino acid biosynthesis (aroA and aroD), nutrient uptake and its regulation (tdcC and crp), and chemotaxis (fliD). In the last GNS mutant, the transposon inactivated yhjH, an ORF with unknown function which shows sequence similarity to di-guanylate cyclase and to novel two-component signal transduction proteins. In newly hatched chickens, all of the mutants, with the exception of the fliDmutant, were also unable to suppress colonization of the alimentary tract by the parent strain inoculated 1 day later. Defined mutations in luxS or sdiA,genes which contribute to quorum sensing in S. enterica sv. Typhimurium, had no effect on the stationary-phase growth suppression. Analysis of a transcriptional fusion construct indicated that yhjH was moderately expressed in the exponential phase of growth and up-regulated upon entry into stationary phase. Expression of yhjH was also considerably suppressed by the addition of supernatant from a 24-h stationary-phase S. enterica sv. Typhimurium culture, suggesting that the gene belongs to a new sensing and signaling regulatory pathway in S. enterica sv. Typhimurium.
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PMID:Identification of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium genes associated with growth suppression in stationary-phase nutrient broth cultures and in the chicken intestine. 1242 Jan 60

Light-gated ion channel and ion pump rhodopsins are widely used as optogenetic tools and these can control the electrically excitable cells as (1) they are a single-component system i.e., their light sensing and ion-conducting functions are encoded by the 7-transmembrane domains and, (2) they show fast kinetics with small dark-thermal recovery time. In cellular signaling, a signal receptor, modulator, and the effector components are involved in attaining synchronous regulation of signaling. Optical modulation of the multicomponent network requires either receptor to effector encoded in a single ORF or direct modulation of the effector domain through bypassing all upstream players. Recently discovered modular rhodopsins like rhodopsin guanylate cyclase (RhoGC) and rhodopsin phosphodiesterase (RhoPDE) paves the way to establish a proof of concept for utilization of complex rhodopsin (modular rhodopsin) for optogenetic applications. Light sensor coupled modular system could be expressed in any cell type and hence holds great potential in the advancement of optogenetics 2.0 which would enable manipulating the entire relevant cell signaling system. Here, we had identified 50 novel modular rhodopsins with variant domains and their diverse cognate signaling cascades encoded in a single ORF, which are associated with specialized functions in the cells. These novel modular algal rhodopsins have been characterized based on their sequence and structural homology with previously reported rhodopsins. The presented novel modular rhodopsins with various effector domains leverage the potential to expand the optogenetic tool kit to regulate various cellular signaling pathways across the diverse biological model systems.
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PMID:Novel Modular Rhodopsins from Green Algae Hold Great Potential for Cellular Optogenetic Modulation Across the Biological Model Systems. 3312 44