Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:4.2.3.23 (GAS)
 957 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Nomifensine was compared to imipramine in treatment of 40 patients with endogenous major depressive disorder. After one week washout, patients were randomly assigned to 5 weeks treatment with Nomifensine or Imipramine. Mean scores for HAM-D, HAM-A, GAS were significantly improved in both treatment groups (P less than 0.01). Two agents were similar in antidepressant efficacy and rapidity of action. Nomifensine treatment group had fewer side effect, whereas the Imipramine group had more adverse experiences. Effects of Nomifensine on the ECG were compared to those of imipramine. Both drugs increased heart rate. Nomifensine less than imipramine. QT measurement interval revealed a statistically significant decrease in imipramine group. Plasma Nomifensine and imipramine concentrations were not correlated with clinical response, side effects or electrocardiographic parameters. The steady-state plasma concentration 105 +/- 47ng/ml for nomifensine, 860 +/- 773ng/ml for imipramine were offaimed respectively at the fixed dose (225mg/day) during the 35 treatment day.
 ...
PMID:[A double-blind comparison study of nomifensine and imipramine in treating depressed patients]. 279 59

The purpose of this study was to examine the reasons people with an episode of Major Depression do or do not seek treatment for the episode. We interviewed 101 persons who met criteria for an RDC Major Depressive episode that lasted at least 4 weeks within 3 years of the interview date, exploring in detail the reasons they gave for seeking or not seeking treatment. GAS ratings indicated that all subjects were moderately impaired at the time of the episode. We found that 55% of the subjects did not seek treatment for this episode, while 45% did. Significant predictors of treatment seeking included a history of prior treatment, higher education, and greater episode length. Non-seekers felt they could handle the episode themselves, did not consider it serious or did not recognize it as an illness. Seekers on the other hand felt the episode was too painful and lasted too long and caused significant disruption in their interpersonal relationships and role functioning. We discuss the implications of these findings in terms of the importance of continued educational efforts to encourage treatment seeking as well as the need for further research to explore the manner in which people decide that affective signs and symptoms have reached a threshold that leads to treatment seeking.
 ...
PMID:Barriers to seeking treatment for major depression. 916 55

This study examined rates of psychiatric disorders and impairment in 283 children, aged 6 to 17, of 69 Caucasian, 45 African-American, and 47 Hispanic-American methadone maintenance patients. Children were evaluated by direct and/or parental interview with the K-SADS-E. Final DSM-III-R diagnoses and Global Assessment Scale (C-GAS) were assigned by best estimate. Substantial lifetime prevalences of mood (21%), anxiety (24%) and disruptive disorders (30%), school problems (37%), and global impairment (C-GAS < 61) (25%) were observed in the children of opiate-dependent patients. There were few differences between ethnic groups. Effects of proband gender and major depression and their interactions with ethnicity on risk for childhood psychopathology were also examined. The results suggest children of patients in treatment for opiate dependence from diverse ethnic groups are at risk for psychopathology. Programs for early detection and intervention should be devised and evaluated.
 ...
PMID:Psychiatric disorders and impairment in the children of opiate addicts: prevalances and distribution by ethnicity. 1100 Sep 19

The aim of this study was to measure the effectiveness of ECT in-patients who had failed to respond to a course of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) treatment. Seventeen patients with severe MDD who had not responded to a course of rTMS were switched to receive ECT treatments. All the patients were assessed with the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, the Global Assessment Functioning Scale, the Global Depression Scale, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Response to the treatment was defined as a 50% decrease in HDRS final score and a final GAS higher than 60. Seven out of 17 patients responded to ECT. Three out of 5 non-psychotics and 4 out of 12 psychotic patients responded. ECT seems to be an effective treatment for 40% of patients who failed to respond to rTMS treatment. Whether this is a result of reduced responsiveness to ECT in rTMS-resistant patients or a consequence of small sample size requires further study.
 ...
PMID:Effect of electroconvulsive therapy in repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation non-responder MDD patients: a preliminary study. 1160 32

Efforts to identify reliable predictors of suicidal behavior in Borderline Personality Disorder have been confounded by the marked dimensional heterogeneity of the disorder, frequent comorbidity with other high risk disorders, debilitating social and vocational consequences of BPD over time. Using survival analyses, we assessed the predictive association between risk factors in each of these symptom domains and suicide attempts in BPD subjects followed for 12 months, 18-24 months and 2-5 years. The suicide attempt rate was 19% in the first year, 24.8% through the second year. The risk of suicidal behavior among 137 BPD subjects completing the first 12 months was increased by comorbid MDD and poor social adjustment. Outpatient treatment decreased short-term risk. Among 133 subjects completing 18-24 months in the study, the relative risk of a suicide attempt was increased by hospitalization (prior to any attempt), and poor social adjustment. Among 122 subjects followed for 2-5 years, increased risk was associated with hospitalization and medication visits (prior to any attempt), an attempt in the first year, and a low GAS score at baseline. Long term risk was decreased by "any outpatient treatment." Predictors of suicidal behavior in BPD change over time. MDD has a short-term effect on suicide risk, while poor social adjustment may increase risk throughout each follow-up interval. Assessing and supporting family, work, and social relationships may decrease suicidal behavior in BPD, and should be a principal focus of long-term treatment.
 ...
PMID:Prospective predictors of suicide attempts in borderline personality disorder at one, two, and two-to-five year follow-up. 1918 9

The consequences of living in single-parent households on children's wellbeing are well documented, but less is known about the impact of living in single-mother households among children with high familial risk for depression. Utilizing data from an ongoing three-generation study of high-risk families, this preliminary study examined a sample of 161 grandchildren of probands diagnosed with major depressive disorder, comparing those in single-parent households to those in dual-parent households with household status defined as the full-time presence of a resident male in the home. High-risk children were compared across households in terms of psychiatric diagnoses (measured by Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children; K-SADS-PL) and global functioning (assessed by Global Assessment Scale, child version; C-GAS). Results indicated that high-risk children in single-parent households had 4.7 times greater odds for developing a mood disorder and had significantly lower mean C-GAS scores (p = 0.01) compared to those in dual-parent households. Differences remained significant when controlling for household income, child's age, and either parent's depression status. There were no significant differences between high-risk children across households when household status was instead defined as legal marital status. This study has several limitations: sample size was small, pro-bands were recruited from a clinical population, and participants had not passed completely through the period of risk for adult psychiatric disorders. These findings point towards the importance of identifying and closely monitoring children at risk for depression, particularly if they reside in households without a resident father figure.
 ...
PMID:Impact of a Father Figure's Presence in the Household on Children's Psychiatric Diagnoses and Functioning in Families at High Risk for Depression. 2905 37