Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:4.1.2.13 (aldolase)
 3,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Serum levels of phosphohexose isomerase (PHI), aldolase (ALD) and hexokinase (HK) activities have been determined in 76 patients of carcinoma cervix, in search of proper diagnostic and prognostic parameters. All the three glycolytic enzyme levels studied were found to be significantly elevated in all the groups of malignancy and showed a relation to the clinical stage and tumor. Serum PHI levels were of best diagnostic significance even at an early stage of the disease. The enzyme levels correlated well with the prognosis of the disease.
 ...
PMID:Diagnostic and prognostic significance of serum phosphohexose isomerase, aldolase and hexokinase in carcinoma cervix. 381 45

Serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase and its isoenzymes, phosphohexos isomerase, aldolase and hexokinase were determined in 152 cases of breast carcinoma, in search of proper diagnostic and prognostic parameters. The enzyme levels showed a relation to the clinical stage of the tumor and were, on an average, higher in advanced stages of disease. Phosphohexose isomerase and lactate dehydrogenase-isoenzyme levels were of best diagnostic significance even at an early stage of the disease. The enzyme levels correlated well with the prognosis of the disease. In group three, the prognosis was very poor and the patients responded only slightly to the treatment, and only up to the third month; after that enzyme levels again increased.
 ...
PMID:Serum glycolytic enzymes in breast carcinoma. 395 20

The longitudinal localization of nine enzymes of the carbohydrate metabolism was studied in rats fed standard or high fructose diets, two months after a reciprocal jejuno-ileal transposition. In the ileal segment transposed to jejunal location, an adaptive increase of mucosal mass was observed, but the functional characteristics of enterocytes remained the same in the case of triokinase, aldolase, triose phosphate isomerase, glucose-6-phosphate isomerase and glucose-6-phosphatase activities. In the case of ketohexokinase and hexokinase activities, the functional properties of cells tended to resemble that of jejunum, as revealed by a significant increase in the specific enzyme activity. In the jejunum transposed to the place of the ileum, the fundamental properties of enterocytes and the functional capacity of the gut were maintained except in the case of fructose-1.6-bis phosphatase and of glucose-6-phosphatase. The high fructose diet did not facilitate the re-establishment of the gradient in its normal, aboral, direction. Indeed except for glucose-6-phosphatase, the enzymes of the jejunum transposed to the place of the ileum kept a high sensitivity and the enzymes of transposed ileum a low sensitivity to dietary fructose. Our conclusion is that the response to the diet depends more on the original position of the intestinal segment than on the local nutritional conditions and therefore that the basal activity of the majority of the intracellular enzymes implicated in carbohydrate metabolism and also their regulatory systems, are an intrinsic characteristic of the intestinal cells.
 ...
PMID:[Intestinal adaptation and enzymatic changes following reciprocal jejunoileal transposition in rats. Effects of a high-fructose diet]. 397 35

Testosterone at doses of 0.1 mg/kg and 1 mg/kg was shown to affect the phosphohexose isomerase and aldolase activities as well as the ratio of individual isozymes of aldolase. Phosphohexose isomerase from liver tissue was especially sensitive towards the effect of the hormone. The activity of phosphohexose isomerase was selectively inhibited by testosterone. Activity of aldolase from seminal vesicles was practically unaltered. Four fractions of aldolase were found in rat liver tissue, two fractions--in seminal vesicles. Testosterone at a dose of 1 mg/kg inhibited the aldolase of the B type in liver tissue. The activity of aldolase of type A was inhibited only after a single hormone administration.
 ...
PMID:[Androgen regulation of aldolase and phosphohexose isomerase in the liver and seminal vesicles of white rats]. 400 59

The levels of the glycolytic enzymes, phosphohexose isomerase, aldolase and LDH and its isozymes, were ascertained in the aqueous of human stillbirths and premature neonate dead (19-24 weeks gestation) and compared with those of older neonates (28-41 weeks) of low survival due mainly to respiratory failure. The fetal aqueous displayed a much greater LDH-P level (mean mU/ml +/- SEM: 45,600 +/- 2550; 72 eyes) in contrast to the near-term infant value (2420 +/- 615; 27 eyes) and 8-20 times higher aldolase and phosphohexose isomerase levels. LDH-P of the fetal vitreous was much lower (5820 +/- 860 mU/ml; 25 eyes) and for lens employed as a filtered homogenate in saline (1:20), amounted to 52.2 +/- 4.2 mU/mg lens (24 eyes). The distribution of LDH isozymes in the fetal vitreous and lens homogenate and the near-term neonate aqueous as determined by polyacrylamide disc electrophoresis, was similar to that of the fetal aqueous, LDH-1 and LDH-5 being least and LDH-3 and LDH-4, the highest. A few small but significant differences were apparent as compared to the fetal aqueous isozymes and included decrements in vitreous LDH-4, lens LDH-3 and neonatal aqueous LDH-3 and increases in vitreous LDH-2 and near-term aqueous LDH-4. The current findings may have application to retinoblastoma for which higher aqueous LDH levels have been reported and employed as a diagnostic adjunct. However, the fetal aqueous LDH values far exceed those encountered in this embryonal-type tumour.
 ...
PMID:Glycolytic enzymes of human fetal and neonatal intraocular fluids. 404 Apr 54

The serum phosphohexose isomerase (PHI), aldolase and hexokinase activities have been determined in 36 patients of carcinoma ovary with different clinical stages and in 25 healthy normal female subjects. The serum PHI and hexokinase levels were significantly elevated (P less than .001) in all the stages of malignancy while serum aldolase was significantly elevated only in stages III and IV of malignancy. The enzyme levels showed statistically significant response to therapy in stage II patients. The mean values in patients with progression of the disease were not significantly different.
 ...
PMID:Significance of serum phosphohexose isomerase, hexokinase and aldolase in carcinoma ovary. 405 17

Rats inoculated with Streptococcus faecalis developed endocarditis and demonstrated a 6- to 30-fold increase in aldolase, isocitric dehydrogenase, phosphohexose isomerase, and lactic dehydrogenase. The animals infected with Bacillus subtilis did not develop overt disease nor significant increases in enzyme activities, but viable organisms were recovered at 2 weeks. Rats inoculated with mixed culture of these organisms showed a 2- to 10-fold increase of enzyme activities without evidence of pathological anatomic changes. Both organisms were recovered at necropsy. The total protein and glycoproteins followed the patterns of enzyme activities. There were major changes in alpha(1), alpha(2), and beta globulins and glycoglobuulins at the early stages of infection. The protein-bound hexose changes coincided with the severity of S. faecalis infection, but were at normal levels after 72 hr of infection of B. subtilis and S. faecalis mixed infections. The results indicate that B. subtilis infection modified the pathogenicity of S. faecalis and by an unknown mechanism affected protein and glycoprotein production in serum of experimental rats.
 ...
PMID:Biochemical changes in serum of pure and mixed Streptococcus faecalis and Bacillus subtilis infections in rats. 418 98

1. Intracellular concentrations of intermediates and cofactors of glycolysis were measured in guinea-pig cerebral cortex slices incubated under varying conditions. 2. Comparison of mass-action ratios with apparent equilibrium constants for the reactions of glycolysis showed that hexokinase, phosphofructokinase and pyruvate kinase catalyse reactions generally far from equilibrium, whereas phosphoglucose isomerase, aldolase, phosphoglycerate kinase, phosphoglycerate mutase, enolase, adenlyate kinase and creatine phosphokinase are generally close to equilibrium. The possibility that glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase may catalyse a ;non-equilibrium' reaction is discussed. 3. Correlation of changes in concentrations of substrates for enzymes catalysing ;non-equilibrium' reactions with changes in rates of glycolysis caused by alteration of the conditions of incubation showed that hexokinase, phosphofructokinase, pyruvate kinase and possibly glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase are subject to metabolic control in cerebral cortex slices. 4. It is suggested that the glycolysis is controlled by two regulatory systems, the hexokinase-phosphofructokinase system and the glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase-pyruvate kinase system. These are discussed. 5. It is concluded that the rate of glycolysis in guinea-pig cerebral cortex slices is limited either by the rate of glucose entry into the slices or by the hexokinase-phosphofructokinase system. 6. It is concluded that addition of 0.1mm-ouabain to guinea-pig cerebral cortex slices causes inhibition of either glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase or phosphoglycerate kinase or both, in a manner independent of the known action of ouabain on the sodium- and potassium-activated adenosine triphosphatase.
 ...
PMID:Control of glycolysis in cerebral cortex slices. 422 84

1. The activities of six enzymes (hexokinase, phosphoglucose isomerase, phosphofructokinase, aldolase, glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase and amylase) in extracts of pea cotyledons were determined. The activities during the first 10 days after germination showed individual and characteristic changes that indicate a specific control of both synthesis and destruction of enzymes. 2. Tissue contents of glucose, inorganic phosphate, glucose 6-phosphate, fructose 6-phosphate, ATP, ADP, AMP, NAD and NADP were also determined, and a correlation is reported between the substrate concentrations at day 1 and the subsequent enzymic activity. 3. The initial NAD(+)/NADH ratio value of 1 changed to about 3 by day 4; the NADP content was lower and changes in the oxidation state were less striking. The ratio of ATP to ADP and AMP remained virtually constant.
 ...
PMID:Correlated changes of some enzyme activities and cofactor and substrate contents of pea cotyledon tissue during germination. 438 39

Guinea pigs were exposed to sound varying from 2 to 8 kHz in frequency and 80-100 dB (SPL) in intensity for periods of 1 hr. The biochemical parameters, glucose, sodium, total protein, and the glycolytic enzymes, aldolase, phosphohexose isomerase, and total LDH as well as isozymes of the latter were ascertained for blood serum, perilymph, and, in some instances, cerebrospinal fluid. The three enzymes occurred at lower levels in perilymph as compared to blood serum. Except for a small difference in serum total protein, sound presentation incurred no significant effect on any of the above parameters. Definite differences in several metabolites were discerned for perilymph sampled according to scala and which were independent of the respective acoustical treatments. Thus, as compared to the scale tympani, the scala vestibuli perilymph displayed a higher glucose content and a diminished total LDH level and of the latter isozymes, LDH(1) ranged lower and LDH(2), higher. As further evidence pointing to cerebrospinal fluid as the possible origin of perilymph, similarities in glucose contents and LDH isozyme patterns were noted for both fluids.
 ...
PMID:Biochemical parameters of guinea pig perilymph sampled according to scala and following sound presentation. 447 Sep 18


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>