Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:4.1.2.13 (aldolase)
3,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The aim of this study was to analyse the plasma variations of four enzymatic activities (lactate dehydrogenase, aldolase, creatine kinase, aspartate aminotransferase) in 134 patients suffering from severe head injury. Enzymatic activities were assayed daily for 3 days after the trauma. Means of the four enzymatic activities were significantly different according to their evolution (death or survival), except for creatine kinase, 48 h after the trauma. Multivariate analysis indicated that lactate dehydrogenase and aldolase levels were useful in order to discriminate between potential survivors and non-survivors. The value of multivariate analysis in head traumatology is discussed.
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PMID:Modifications of plasma enzyme activities after severe head injury; evaluation of prognosis using multivariate methods. 683 90

We followed the changes in the activities of four enzymes (aldolase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase, and lactate dehydrogenase) in plasma for four days after head injury. The progression of the changes differs significantly between survivors and nonsurvivors. Stepwise discriminant analysis, involving the four enzymes, allowed us to divide 81 to 92% of head-injured patients (n = 280 selected without conscious bias) correctly into the two groups as early as 72 h after trauma. Most of the patients who were misclassified according to our biochemical criteria had received phenobarbital for sedation. Valuable prognostic information in head injury evaluation may thus be obtained by daily determination of enzymatic activities of these four enzymes.
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PMID:Multivariate analysis of plasma enzyme profiles in severe head injury. 684 44

The activity of serum enzymes, such as, creatine kinase (CK), pyruvate kinase (PK), aldolase (ALD), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), sorbitol dehydrogenase (SbDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), glutamate-aspartate aminotransferase (AST), glutamate-alanine aminotransferase (ALT), myokinase (MK), glucosephosphate isomerase (GPI), alkaline phosphatase (AlkP), pseudocholinesterase (PsCHE) isocitrate dehydrogenase and gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (gamma-GTP), was determined in 256 patients with progressing myodystrophy (PMD) (Duchenne's form in 125, Becker's form in 14, pelvicohumeral form in 36, humeroscapulofacial form in 19, ocular form in 10, other rare forms in 34, and nonidentified forms in 13 patients). In the control group (64 men, 56 women and 50 children), the activity of the enzymes was found to depend on the patients' sex and age. With regard to both parameters, i. e. the degree of the enzyme activity rise and the frequency of the pathological values the most informative were CK, then PK and ALD, and then all the other enzymes. Of all the PMD forms the enzymatic activity appeared to be the highest in patients with the pseudohypertrophic malignant form. By determining the activity of five enzymes (CK, ALD, LDH, AST and ALT) and taking into consideration the patient's age, the onset and the duration of the disease one can distinguish between sick and healthy subjects, as well as between various forms of PMD.
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PMID:[Serum enzyme dynamics in progressive muscular dystrophies]. 703 17

Activities of 14 enzymes were determined in psoas muscle, smooth muscle, diaphragm, heart, brain, liver, kidney, spleen, pancreas, salivary glands, zygomatic gland, intestinal mucosa, subcellular fractions, and plasma of the dog. In pups, plasma activity of most enzymes was high, except iditol dehydrogenase (ID), glutamate dehydrogenase (GLD), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and D-fructose-1,6-diphosphate aldolase (ALS). Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), ALS, cholinesterase (CHS), creatine kinase (CK), alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (HBD), lactate dehydrogenase (LD), and malate dehydrogenase (MD) decreased significantly (P less than 0.01) with increasing age, but in dogs greater than 7 months, all enzymes except CK, HBD, and ALT revealed reasonably constant plasma values. Enzymes ALT, GLD, CHS, and ID are specific for liver, CK and ALS for muscle, HBD to some degree for myocardium, and alpha-amylase for pancreas. The ALP and gamma-glutamyltransferase were located in microsomes, GLD in mitochondria, MD and AST in mitochondria and cytoplasm, and isocitric dehydrogenase, LD, and the other enzymes only in cytoplasm.
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PMID:Enzyme activities in the dog: tissue analyses, plasma values, and intracellular distribution. 703 2

Stability of lactatedehydrogenase (LDG) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PhDG) to the action of heating and urea on the muscle and on the enzymes isolated from muscle was studied. By the stability to the thermal agent in the system of the muscle and out of it LDG and G-6-PhDG exceed creatine kinase and aldolase; the most thermostable enzyme is G-6-PhDG. According to the action of urea on the muscle G-6-PhDG is the most stable enzyme, LDG is the most labile one among the studied enzymes. Under the action of urea on the isolated enzymes G-6-PhDG is the most labile one.
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PMID:[Effect of urea and heating on lactate dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity]. 709 15

High-resolution multiple two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (ISODALT) has been used to analyse soluble protein extracts from human brain and 12 other human organs. Approximately 200 protein gene products can be visualised on an electrophoretogram of soluble human brain proteins. By electrophoresing extracts of different human organs separately and mixed with brain extract, 8 proteins have been found which appear to be present in brain in concentrations at least 20 times greater than in any other organ. Four of these brain-specific proteins have been identified by co-electrophoresis with purified proteins as 14-3-2 protein, creatine kinase-BB isoenzyme, aldolase C4 isoenzyme, and 14-3-3 protein. The identities of the remaining 4 proteins are unknown.
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PMID:The demonstration of new human brain-specific proteins by high-resolution two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. 721 93

Total activity of creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LD), aldolase (Ald), glutamico-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), and LD-isoenzyme distribution was studied in serum and muscle biopsies from normal persons and 117 patients with different types of muscular dystrophy: 82 Duchenne type (DMD), 12 BEcker type, 7 facioscapulohumeral (FSHMD), and 16 limb girdle (LGMD). Total enzyme activity in sera and muscle homogenates was determined by spectrophotometric assays. LD isoenzymes were separated by electrophoresis on agarose gel plates in barbital buffer (pH 8.6), scanned and quantitated. The amounts of the 2 types (M and H) of LD isoenzymes were calculated and the ratio of M/H in serum and muscle was used as an index to differentiate among the types of muscular dystrophy. Serum enzyme activity was elevated to variable degrees reflecting a corresponding decrease in muscle enzymes in the different muscular dystrophies. Patterns of LD isoenzymes in serum and muscle were specific to each type of muscle disease. Increase in serum LD5 (the muscle LD fraction) was a common feature in muscle damage. Changes in the amounts of M and H types in the subunits of LD correlated to the existence and severity of muscle damage. The mean muscle M/H ratio was 6.4 in controls, 1.8 in early DMD, 0.1 in late DMD, 3.0 in Becker type, 3.8 in FSHMD and 3.9 in LGMD. The muscle LD isoenzyme distribution in DMD showed a shift toward a more aerobic fetal muscle pattern. This is a result of the gradual disappearance of the mature anaerobic LD-type (M) and the increase in synthesis of the aerobic fetal LD-type (H) during the progression of the disease. This report provides a comparative study of the LD isoenzyme patterns in muscular dystrophies which may help in differential diagnosis.
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PMID:Muscle and serum enzymes and isoenzymes in muscular dystrophies. 723 20

CWI mice at the age of 6, 22 and 27 months were subjected to a controlled physical training program for 5 weeks. Changes in specific activity of the enzymes aldolase, superoxide dismutase and catalase of the total hind-leg muscle tissues were followed. During the training period, specific activities of these muscle enzymes exhibited an adaptive increase in the 6 and 22 months groups. In senile (27 months) mice, however, enzyme activities decreased as a consequence of the physical challenge. Total body weight was not altered under these conditions. Immunotitration of extracts with anti-aldolase and anti-creatine kinase antibodies showed no significant differences, indicating that there was no accumulation of disappearance of faulty proteins during aging and physical exercise.
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PMID:Positive and negative adaptation of muscle enzymes in aging mice subjected to physical exercise. 730 Apr 58

The influence of insertion of a needle into muscle on the activity of creatine kinase and fructose-1,6-diphosphate aldolase in serum was measured in 23 patients undergoing electromyography because of suspected neurogenic (n = 18) or myogenic (n = 5) muscular atrophy. Myogenically atrophied muscle was easily vulnerable. In neurogenic atrophy and in healthy muscle the lesion was demonstrable in enzyme changes only when muscular work followed the insertion of the needle. Activity of so-called muscle enzymes is not only changed after intramuscular injections but also due to insertions of thin electrodes (electromyography). The vulnerability of muscules may provide information on the activity of an atrophying process.
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PMID:[Muscular lesion due to insertion of needle (author's transl)]. 737 13

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) markers provide useful information about the extent of brain damage. These biochemical indices may also be used when postmortem histopathological examination does not confirm antemortem brain insult. Seven biochemical parameters--creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase BB isoenzyme (CK-BB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), gamma-glutamyltransferase, aldolase, leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), and neuron-specific enolase (NSE)--were analyzed in CSF from 82 cadavers. Case studies were categorized into one of four diagnostic groups. There were 15 cases of head trauma, 23 of hypoxia (hangings, carbon monoxide, and drug poisonings), 23 sudden cardiac death, and 21 miscellaneous cases. The degree of craniocerebral trauma was graded. In CSF there was a statistically significant correlation between the severity of craniocerebral trauma and levels of CK, CK-BB, aldolase, LDH, and LAP. CSF CK-BB [median U/L (range)] for the groupings of head trauma, hypoxia, sudden cardiac death, and miscellaneous were, respectively, 873 (1-12,100), 26 (2-2,780), 16 (1-42), and 18 (0-2,780). Corresponding CSF CK levels were 9,370 (28-67,842), 101 (18-36,840), 180 (10-29,622), and 264 (17-26,556). There were no statistical significant differences among the NSE concentrations in the four diagnostic groups. The testing of biochemical markers could be a reliable indicator of the degree of brain insult in support of morphological studies.
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PMID:Creatine kinase BB and neuron-specific enolase in cerebrospinal fluid in the diagnosis of brain insult. 749 60


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