Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:4.1.2.13 (aldolase)
3,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pneumatic cuff with manometer has become a routine apparatus being applied in surgery of the hand. Ischaemia of the upper extremity procured by means of pneumatic cuff with controlled pressure maintained for 30 minutes to 2 hours and 20 minutes appeared to be safe. The following enzymes were studied: lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) creatine kinase (CPK), aldolase and total protein as well as its electrophoretic decomposition, moreover seromucoid and also 9 selected glycoproteins. There were changes indicating metabolic disturbances during the time from the 3 rd h. upon the removal of the cuff to as late as the third 24-hours inclusive. Significant deviations were disclosed with regard to the rise in levels of: creatine kinase, alpha 1 and alpha 2 globulins, protein of acute phase (inflammatory)--seromucoid and 5 glycoproteins as well as a drop in albumins level. The rise in the value of metabolic enzymes was more significant when the application of the cuff was longer than 1 hour. A similar behaviour was observed in some of the selected glycoproteins qualified to the acute phase proteins. In patients, in whom the cuff was applied for 2 hours or longer, there were transient side effects of ischaemia, which under proper management terminated without traces. In own material neither local nor general permanent changes were noted after imposed ischaemia, which is ample evidence that the technique of ischaemia used in the cited time compartments is safe and useful in surgical procedure involving the extremities particularly the upper ones. Nevertheless, disclosed deviations in a number of metabolic parameters show that some injury to ischaemic tissues is found to take place.
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PMID:[Effect of tourniquet ischemia of the arm on changes in selected parameters of muscle metabolism]. 263 95

Three groups of three horses each were, respectively, infected with 5000, 20,000 and 50,000 larvae of Trichinella spiralis. The strain used was isolated from a human biopsy during horsemeat-related outbreaks of trichinellosis in France. Transient muscular disorders were only observed in two of the horses infected with 50,000 larvae but none of the horses had fever. A significant increase in blood eosinophils was noticed in 5 horses. Serum LDH, aldolase and CPK peaked at the fifth week post-infection. Specific IgG assayed by indirect immunofluorescence and ELISA, appeared 2-5 weeks post-infection and disappeared between 16 and 40 weeks. The distribution of T. spiralis larvae was maximal in the tongue, masseters and diaphragm, but a large decrease in the number of larvae recovered from the muscles was noticed among the horses slaughtered at the beginning and end of the experiment. In muscular histological sections, larvae were observed in an intramyofibrillar position and were surrounded by a mild to severe inflammatory reaction.
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PMID:Experimental trichinellosis in horses: biological and parasitological evaluation. 265 99

A case of polymyositis with repeated dysphagia and muscle weakness associated with peculiar findings of skin was reported. The patient was a 67-year-old man. His birth and development was normal. There was no family history of neuromuscular disease. On 26th March 1987 he was admitted to a hospital because of dysarthria and dysphagia after fever and diagnosed as having viral myositis. His conditions improved spontaneously with bed rest and he left hospital on 14th April. On 23rd April he had chill and sore throat with fever. On 27th he was admitted to the same hospital because of dysarthria and muscle weakness of the proximal portion of the upper limbs. These symptoms also improved with bed rest. He had repeated these symptoms several times and then he was admitted to our hospital on 12th June. On examination he showed the skin pigmentation under the right eye and the eruption in the back of hands and the buttocks. Muscle weakness was observed in the proximal portion of the upper limbs and the neck flexor. Laboratory tests in admission were as follows: sGOT 49 mU/ml, sGPT 104 mU/ml, LDH 1064 mU/ml, CPK 565 mM/ml, aldolase 25.2 IU/1/37 degrees C. Electromyography showed the typical myogenic changes and biopsy of left biceps brachii revealed inflammatory cells in the muscle fiber which are specific to polymyositis. Immuno-histochemical study is performed to analyse the subpopulation of mononuclear cells in biopsied muscle and skin. Mononuclear cells infiltrated into perimysium, endomysium and epidermis were positive for T11 and T8, but less positive for T4, B1 and Leu11. On the basis of these findings he was diagnosed as having "polymyositis syndrome".
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PMID:[A case of polymyositis with repeated dysphagia and muscle weakness associated with peculiar findings of skin]. 280 15

Four patients had trichinosis after consuming raw home-butchered pork. The patients had fever, myalgias, periorbital edema, and conjunctivitis. All of the patients had nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea (corresponding to the intestinal phase of the infection) seven to ten days before the onset of fever and myalgias. Laboratory findings included eosinophilia, elevated serum CPK and aldolase values, and seroconversion of Trichinella serology one month after onset of myalgias. The patients were treated with mebendazole and prednisone and recovered uneventfully.
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PMID:Common-source outbreak of trichinosis associated with eating raw home-butchered pork. 304 86

Neurone-specific enolase (NSE) and the brain form of creatine phosphokinase (CPK-BB) were previously found to be present in rat synaptosomal plasma membranes (SPM) using two-dimensional gel (2-D gel) and peptide analysis; enzymatic activities of these and of pyruvate kinase (PK), all involved in ATP generation, were shown to be "cryptic" unless the SPM were treated with Triton X-100. We now show that enzymatic activation also occurs when the SPM are treated with trifluoperazine (TFP). TFP activation occurred even when the enzymes were membrane associated, showing that solubilization was not responsible for "unmasking" the enzyme activities. When TFP treatment was performed at alkaline instead of neutral pH, NSE and CPK-BB were released as well as PK, nonneuronal enolase, and aldolase which were identified by 2-D gel and tryptic peptide analysis. Other proteins released included calmodulin, actin, and the 70-kilodalton heat-shock cognate protein. Tubulin, synapsin I, and a 35-kilodalton basic protein were largely unaffected. The latter was identified as the glycolytic enzyme glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase on the basis of 2-D gel and peptide analyses and subsequent partial sequencing of a rat brain cDNA coding for the same protein. TFP treatment is thus useful for activating latent enzymes as well as for distinguishing enzymes that have a different disposition on the membrane.
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PMID:Trifluoperazine activates and releases latent ATP-generating enzymes associated with the synaptic plasma membrane. 358 33

A 34-year-old woman noted difficulty of gait initiation, then dilated finger opening and hyperhidrosis appeared. Her stature was a muscular habitus, and muscle stiffness and myokymia were found in all muscles of the extremities. Her stiffness persisted during sleep. Her calf muscles were large and a contracture was noticed in ankle joints. There was no evidence of wasting and weakness. A remarkable delay in voluntary relaxation of the contracted muscles without percussion myotonia was recognized. Tendon reflexes of lower extremities were absent. Laboratory examination revealed elevation of CPK, LDH, myoglobulin, aldolase and basal metabolic rate (BMR). An extraband of CPK isoenzyme between MB and MM fraction was observed. The thin layer gel filtration technique and immunofixation technique showed that this extraband was complexes of CPK and IgA, and light chain of the CPK linked IgA was lambda type. All other laboratory tests were normal for the following: urinalysis, ESR, a blood count, liver function, kidney function, glucose, rheumatoid factor, CRP, thyroid function, parathyroid function, serum electrolytes, ECG, EEG, cranial CT, without slight elevation of IgA, and CSF protein. In needle EMG and surface EMG spontaneous discharges were recorded at rest. These discharges consist of normal motor unit potentials, doublets, and triplets in needle EMG. The discharges were markedly reduced after the median nerve block with xylocaine. In needle EMG, myotonic discharge was not observed. Nerve conduction velocities were within normal ranges. According to these data, she was diagnosed as having Issacs' syndrome (continuous muscle fiber activity syndrome). Carbamazepine, 200 mg daily was administrated and showed a dramatic reversal of the symptoms.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[A case of Isaac's syndrome--continuous muscle fiber activity syndrome]. 373 Jan 94

Acute arterial occlusion of the extremities may result in severe and complex metabolic derangement. In order to evaluate the development and means of therapeutic control of metabolic derangements following the acute arterial occlusion of extremities, 32 adult mongrel dogs weighing between 7 and 15 kg underwent acute arterial occlusion by cross-clamping the infrarenal aorta. The experimental animals were divided into two groups: an untreated group, and treated group. The former was divided into three groups--12, 24 and 48 hour's arterial occlusive groups and the latter into two groups with 48 hour's arterial occlusion--tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane (THAM) and perfusion groups. Biochemical and electrolyte analyses were measured before occlusion, immediately before, and 1, 3, 12, 24 and 48 hours after the release of the occlusion. The SGOT, CPK, aldolase, creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels rose after the release of the occlusion and were significantly higher in the 48 hour's group than in the 12 and 24 hour's occlusive groups. Among these enzymatic changes, the creatinine and urea nitrogen levels were high 48 hours after the release of the occlusion, though the others decreased with time after the occlusion release. The blood pH level fell after the occlusion in the untreated groups and these levels increased slowly after the release of the occlusion. However, there were no significant differences in the blood pH among the untreated groups. The acute arterial occlusion by cross-clamping the infra-renal aorta caused severe renal damage among the various organs. In the groups treated with THAM and perfusion, the SGOT, CPK, aldolase, creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels remained almost at preocclusion levels after the release of the occlusion. There were statistically significant differences in these enzymatic changes between the treated group and the 48 hour's occlusive group without treatment. The blood pH levels in the treated groups showed minimal changes after the release of the occlusive, although there were no significant differences in the blood pH between the treated groups and the 48 hour's occlusive group without treatment. It was concluded that the intravenous administration of THAM and peripheral washing were effective against untoward metabolic changes occurring in the ischemic extremities.
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PMID:[Methods of suppression of a myonephropathic metabolic syndrome after infra-renal aortic occlusion]. 374 2

Sixty steroid-treated patients with asthma were evaluated for the presence of muscle weakness by use of both manual muscle testing and the Cybex II isokinetic dynamometer. The patients were compared to age and sex-matched sedentary control subjects. Forty-eight percent of the patients (12/25) taking greater than or equal to 40 mg per day of prednisone had hip flexor strength greater than or equal to 2 SD below the mean of age and sex-matched control subjects by Cybex testing (CT). Sixty-four percent of the patients (16/25) taking greater than or equal to 40 mg per day of prednisone were found on manual muscle testing to have hip flexor weakness. Only one patient taking less than 30 mg per day of prednisone was found to have muscle weakness. Biochemical parameters, including CPK, aldolase, SGOT, LDH, and LDH isoenzymes were measured to assess the degree of steroid-induced muscle damage. They neither correlated with the degree of hip flexor weakness as measured by CT, nor did they discriminate between patients receiving small doses and large doses of steroids. Changes in urinary excretion of creatine did not help to confirm the diagnosis of steroid myopathy. Although CT provides an objective means of assessing muscle strength in these patients, at this time no definitive chemical test is available for the diagnosis of steroid myopathy.
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PMID:Steroid myopathy: incidence and detection in a population with asthma. 401 54

Acute arterial occlusion of the extremities may result in severe and complex metabolic derangements. In order to investigate therapeutic means of controlling such metabolic derangements, 19 adult mongrel dogs weighing between 7 and 15 kg underwent acute arterial occlusion by cross-clamping the infrarenal aorta. Clamping was released after 48 hours. The experimental animals were divided into three groups: an untreated group, a THAM group, and a perfusion group. Biochemical and electrolyte analyses were measured before and 1 hour after occlusion, and 1, 3, 12, 24, and 48 hours after the release of occlusion. The SGOT, creatinine, CPK, and aldolase levels rose after release of the occlusion and were significantly higher in the untreated group than in the THAM and perfusion groups. Among these enzymatic changes, the CPK level showed the largest increase. The serum potassium levels remained almost at preocclusion levels after release of the occlusion. It was concluded that the intravenous administration of THAM and peripheral washing were effective against untoward metabolic changes occurring in the ischemic extremities.
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PMID:Methods of suppression of myonephropathic metabolic syndrome. 403 Aug 79

The aim of the present work was to investigate histological localization of newly found human muscle CA-III and its diagnostic value in neuromuscular diseases. The following results were obtained. CA-III was purified as a single band from human skeletal muscle nd specific anti-CA-III antiserum was raised in the rabbits. By the direct immunoperoxidase method in human biceps muscle, CA-III was localized mainly in Type I fibers (red muscle type). A radioimmunoassay was developed for CA-III which can detect 5 ng/ml of sample. Among several human tissues, CA-III was found virtually specific to the skeletal muscles with a level of 5 mg/gm wet tissue. Normal serum CA-III level (n = 20) was 22.5 +/- 15.3 (SD) ng/ml. Among 140 cases of various diseases, elevated serum CA-III levels were found in 29 cases, all of which were only from neuromuscular diseases including 17 various muscular dystrophies, 5 polymyositis, 2 other myopathies and 5 ALS. In acute myocardial infarction with highly elevated CPK, serum CA-III remained normal. In 60 cases of various neuromuscular diseases, serum CA-III, CPK and aldolase were measured. Order of sensitivity (% frequency of elevated serum level) was CPK greater than CA-III greater than aldolase, however, CA-III was most frequently elevated in myotonic dystrophy which predominantly affects Type I fibers. In 15 ALS, raised CA-III was found in 5 cases, which were all in relatively early stages showing rapidly progressive clinical courses. This result raises a possibility to use serum CA-III for evaluation of the prognosis in ALS. It is concluded that CA-III is clinically applicable as a new diagnostic marker for muscle diseases, and probably reflects Type-I fiber abnormalities more sensitively than CPK and aldolase.
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PMID:Human muscle carbonic anhydrase III (CA-III). Purification, immunohistochemical localization in the human skeletal muscle and its clinical application to the neuromuscular disease. 643 Jul 72


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