Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:4.1.2.13 (aldolase)
3,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Activities of leucylaminopeptidase, aspartyl aminopeptidase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, oxytocinase, phosphohexoisomerase, phosphofructokinase and aldolase were studied in amniotic cells from cases of pregnancy complicated by threatening intrauterine fetal asphyxia. Leucylaminopeptidase and oxytocinase activities were much higher in the group of pregnancies complicated by threatening fetal asphyxia than in the control group. It was concluded that elevated activity of the aforementioned enzymes in cells of the amniotic fluid from pregnancies complicated by threatening intrauterine asphyxia is due to acute hypoxia of the fetus.
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PMID:Activities of some peptidases and glycolytic enzymes in cells of the amniotic fluid. II. Pregnancies complicated by threatening intrauterine fetal asphyxia. 88 30

The enzymes in perilymph of the inner ear scala and within fluid filling the middle ear cavity were investigated in the fetal guinea pig near term. Perilymph lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) exhibited differential activity between fetal scalae vestibuli and tympani, and LDH, aldolase, phosphohexose isomerase and creatine phosphokinase in perilymph of particular fetal scalae were elevated in activity in activity in comparison to corresponding maternal values. Moreover, LDH displayed different isozyme patterns for antenatal and gravid perilymph. In the middle ear fluid, all of the above enzymes were encountered but varied somewhat from the quantities determined for either prenatal perilymph or maternal serum. After gravid guinea pigs were exposed to a tone of 4 kHz, 100 dB SPL for 2 hours, LDH of the fetal middle ear fluid was reduced in activity 24 hours later. The metabolic significance of the fetal distinctions in the ear fluids and the clinical implications of the current work are discussed.
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PMID:Enzymatic activity of inner and middle ear fluids in fetal guinea pigs under ambient and high-intensity sound presentation. 90 16

Fifteen red cell enzyme activities of growth-retarded patients with and without growth hormone (GH) deficiency were investigated before and after GH administration. The 15 enzymes were Hexokinase, phosphoglucomutase, glucose phosphate, isomerase, phosphofructokinase, fructose diphosphate aldolase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphae dehydrogenase, triosephosphate isomerase, 2,3-diphosphoglycerate mutase, 3-phosphoglycerate kinase, 3-phosphoglycerate mutase, enolase, pyruvate kinase, glycose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconic dehydrogenase, glutathione reducase. Sixty-six subjects were studied: 30 normal control subjects (group N) and 36 patients (aged 5-23 years) with short stature. Complete endocrine evaluation showed 21 (group I) to have GH deficiency (10 patients with isolated GH deficiency) and 15 (group II) to have normal hypothalamic and pituitary function except for two patients with a moderate hypothyroidism. Both had been receiving thyroid hormone treatment for a long time before our studies. All 36 patients were treated with 2 mg human growth hormone intramuscularly for 7 days. Before GH treatment no significant difference was observed between hematologic data in group I (GH deficiency) and group II (no GH deficiency). After GH therapy there was a significant increase in reticulocyte count in both groups of patients with short stature. The mean pretreatment value in group I was 1.294% +/- 0.084 (SEM); the mean post-treatment value was 2.081% +/- 0.287 (SEM)< P less than 0.005. The mean pretreatment value in group II was 1.0% 0.184 (SEM); the mean post-treatment value was 1.407% +/- 0.193 (SEM), P less than 0.01. In group II (no GH deficiency) mean pretreatment erythrocyte enzyme activities were not significantly different from those activities observed in normal control subjects (group N). However, in patients who lacked GH, the pretreatment activities of five red cell enzymes (glucose phosphate isomerase, triosephosphate isomerase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, 2,3-diphosphoglycerate mutase, 3-phosphoglycerate kinase) were significantly decreased before GH administration compared with the values in normal control subjects...
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PMID:Action of growth hormone on erythropoiesis: changes in red blood cell enzyme activities in growth-retarded patients with and without growth hormone deficiency. 95 53

A long-term administration of retinol in a dose exceeding 15-fold the diurnal requirement to rats weighing 170-200 g provoked a diminution of the erythrocytes resistance to an acid hemolytic, an intensified uptake of glucose, and increased activity of glycolytic enzymes (hexokinase, aldolase, phosphohexoisomerase), accumulation of lactate, along with changes in the redox enzymes activity, suppression of the catalase and intensification of peroxidase activity. The content of microergic nucleotides and electrolites (Na+ and K+) remained unchanged.
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PMID:[Effect of long-term vitamin A administration on the acid fastness and biochemical properties of erythrocytes]. 96 79

In the presence of Uropolinum (sodium and N-methylglucamine diatrizoate) the lactate production of erythrocytes was decreased in half of the cases studied. The addition of albumin showed a protective effect on glycolysis of red blood cells. A decrease in glutathione reductase and increase in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity was observed in all cases. Acethylcholinesterase activity was unaffected by Uropolinum. The activities of phosphohexose isomerase, phosphofructokinase. aldolase and ATP-ase were decreased in some subjects and increased in the others. It may be attributed to individual sensitivity of some subjects to diatrizoates and is consistent with clinical observations.
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PMID:The effect of uropolinum, a diatrizoate contrast medium, on erythrocyte metabolism. 99 74

1. The effects of protein concentration and ionic strength on the adsorption of the individual glycolytic enzymes to F-actin and F-actin--trypomyosin--troponin have been studied. 2. Appreciable association was demonstrated under conditions of physiological ionic strength and high protein concentration, and tropomyosin--troponin established as an important and generalized component of these interactions. 3. Phosphofructokinase, aldolase, pyruvate kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphate isomerase were strongly bound under these conditions, while triosephosphate isomerase, phosphoglycerate kinase, phosphoglycerate mutase, enolase and hexokinase displayed less adsorption to the structural proteins. 4. The influence of a number of parameters on the adsorption phenomena was examined. Ca2+ and fructose 1,6-diphosphate increased the adsorption of aldolase, lactate dehydrogenase and pyruvate kinase, while decreasing the adsorption of the enzymes of the constant-proportion group. 5. Of the other major enzymic components of skeletal muscle, creatine kinase, adenylate kinase and malate dehydrogenase showed no adsorption to F-actin--tropomyosin--troponin under the experimental conditions. Some adsorption was evident, however, in the case of aspartate aminotransferase, (NADP) isocitrate dehydrogenase and alpha-glycerolphosphate dehydrogenase. 6. These results have been discussed in relation to their functional significance and the roles of enzyme compartmentation in the cell.
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PMID:On the association of glycolytic enzymes with structural proteins of skeletal muscle. 111 88

The levels of glycolytic enzymes, aldolase, phosphohexose isomerase and lactic dehydrogenase, the latter as total and isozymes, were determined in the vitreous and aqueous humors and sera as well as in lens-saline extracts of the cat, Rhesus monkey, guinea pig, rabbit, rat and cattle. Although wide species differences were noted, the levels were generally lower in the aqueous as compared to the vitreous and serum. Aldolase and phosphohexose isomerase were invariably elevated in the lens of most species. The LDH isozyme patterns were quite unique in regard to the fluids and the species. The ratios of enzyme contents of the intraocular fluids to the respective sera were calculated and the findings compared. As tested in a few species, no remarkable enzyme differences could be discerned as a result of prior dark or light adaptation of the eyes.
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PMID:Glycolytic enzyme levels of intraocular fluids and lens as compared to the respective sera of various animal species. 112 35

The erythrocytes of 350 pigtailed macaques (Macaca nemestrina) were examined for electrophoretic variation of hemoglobin and 26 enzymes. Seven enzymes showed variation in more than 1% of individuals: phosphoglucose isomerase, phosphoglucomutase-1, soluble NADP-dependent isocitric dehydrogenase, peptidase A, peptidase C, 2,3-diphosphoglycerate mutase, and acid phosphatase. Variation with lesser frequency was found in soluble glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase, phosphoglycerate kinase, lactic dehydrogenase, and hemoglobin. Only eight samples were tested for esterase D, and one of these had a variant phenotype. Enzymes with no clear variation were adenylate kinase, adenosine deaminase, phosphofructokinase, hexokinase, pyruvate kinase, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, aldolase, phosphoglycerate mutase, phosphopyruvate hydratase (enolase), phosphoglucomutase-3, and superoxide dismutase. There was father-to-son transmission of PGI, PGM-1, peptidase C, 6PGD, 2,3-DPGAM, NADP-ICD, and acid phosphatase variants, suggesting that these loci are autosomal as in man.
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PMID:Intraspecific red cell enzyme variation in the pigtailed macaque (Macaca nemestrina). 114 87

The dynamics of glycolysis and glycogenolysis in the postnatal period, determined from the accumulation of lactate in the homogenate of the heart muscle, indicates that the glycolytic activity begins to subside right after the birth and becomes constant after a lapse of 15-20 days. The activity of the phosphorylase, phosphohexoisomerase, enolase and pyruvate-kinase in the heart muscle extract was found to remain virtually unchanged. Some decline is noted in the activity of the aldolase and hexokinase, while that of the phosphofructokinase and lactate-dehydrogenase rises by 50-60 per cent. These data suggest that in the early ontogenesis the increasing capacity of the mitochondrial system in the heart muscle is paralled by an adjustable conditioned inhibition of the glycolytic phosphorylation, with concurrently rising activity of the phosphofructokinas and, consequently, also of the potential capacity of glycolysis and glycogenolysis.
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PMID:[Dynamics of carbohydrate metabolism in the heart muscle in early ontogenesis]. 116 19

1. Haematology, red cell metabolism and blood chemistry of five fledgeling black-faced cormorants Leucocarbo fuscescens were studied and the results were compared with previously reported data on several other sea-birds. 2. The mean erythrocyte count of the cormorant is similar to that of penguins but lower than that of flying, non-diving sea-birds. The cormorant's red cell mean cell volume (MCV) is lower than that of penguins but higher than that of non-diving sea-birds. 3. Leucocyte numbers are within expected limits for avian species. 4. Red cell enzymes: glucose phosphate isomerase, phosphofructokinase, aldolase and enolase are higher in the cormorant than in the little penguin; glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase, monophosphoglyceromutase, pyruvate kinase, lactate dehydrogenase and glutathione reductase are lower. 5. Haemoglobin electrophoresis showed a typical avian haemoglobin pattern.
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PMID:Haematology, red cell metabolism and blood chemistry of the black-faced cormorant Leucocarbo fuscescens. 135 26


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