Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:4.1.2.13 (aldolase)
 3,461 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Highly purified glycosomes were isolated from Trypanosoma brucei bloodstream forms and cultured procyclic trypomastigotes. A comparison of the specific activities of glycosomal enzymes revealed that glycosomes from insect stages had decreased levels of hexokinase, phosphoglucose isomerase, phospho-fructokinase, fructose-bisphosphate aldolase, glyceraldehyde-phosphate dehydrogenase and phosphoglycerate kinase, but contained increased levels of adenylate kinase, malate dehydrogenase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase. Glycosomes from bloodstream forms were almost totally devoid of the latter two activities. Comparison of the two types of glycosomes by sodium dodecylsulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that bloodstream form glycosomes contained 3 prominent polypeptides (64, 46 and 40 kDa) which were hardly detectable in insect stage glycosomes, whereas the latter contained 3 insect stage specific bands with molecular weight of 34 000, 61 000 and 77 000 and 4 additional bands with molecular weights between 94 000 and 110 000. Both types of glycosome contained the phospholipids phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine. Insect stage glycosomes contained in addition also phosphatidylinositol and some phosphatidylserine.
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PMID:A comparison of the glycosomes (microbodies) isolated from Trypanosoma brucei bloodstream form and cultured procyclic trypomastigotes. 674 87

The electrophoretic mobilities of seven enzymes from eight theileria-infected bovine lymphoblastoid cell lines originating in Kenya and Iran were compared. The isoenzyme patterns of phosphoglucomutase, malate dehydrogenase, malic enzyme and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase were the same for all cell lines infected with any of the three Theileria species. Theileria annulata could be clearly differentiated from T parva and T lawrencei on the basis of three enzymes: glucose phosphate isomerase, glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase and aldolase. T parva and T lawrencei isoenzyme patterns were alike except for glucose phosphate isomerase, where two sets of isoenzyme mobility were shown which, however, did not separate the two species.
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PMID:Preliminary investigations on isoenzyme variants of lymphoblastoid cell lines infected wih Theileria species. 678 78

Chronic sumithion toxicity in experimental crabs was induced by exposing them for 15 and 30 days to 0.04 ppm sumithion solution. The enzymes concerned with glycogenolytic metabolism (phosphorylase), glycolytic metabolism (aldolase), aerobic metabolism [succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH)], anaerobic metabolism, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and alanine amino transaminase (AIAT)], were assayed in the muscle of control and experimental crabs. Glycogen, pyruvic acid, lactic acid were also estimated in the muscle of both control and experimental crabs. The muscle tissue of chronic sumithion-exposed crab exhibited suppressed glycogenolysis and glycolysis with an onset of gluconeogenesis. In general, chronic sumithion exposure seems to result in an elevation of the synthetic phase of muscle carbohydrate metabolism.
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PMID:Chronic sumithion toxicity: effect on carbohydrate metabolism in crab muscle. 682 35

The fractions of lipoproteids, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and their isoenzymes as well as the fructoso-1-phosphate aldolase (F-1-PhA) and cholinesterase (ChE) activity were studied in 220 patients with diabetes mellitus, of which 156 had diabetes mellitus combined with ischemic heart disease (IHD). It was shown that the level of atherogenic lipoproteids is augmented in all the forms of diabetes mellitus and its latent stage, their highest content being seen in the disease, aggravated by IHD. An elevated level of pre-beta-lipoproteid atherogenic fraction was more common in diabetics with IHD. An increased F-1PhA and LDH5 activity was observed in all the patients examined, whereas in severe diabetes mellitus a decrease in the ChE activity was seen. The composed table of changes in the enzyme activity and atherogenic lipoproteid levels in diabetes mellitus combined with IHD, significantly differing from those of the diabetics without IHD, can be used for early IHD diagnosing in diabetes mellitus patients.
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PMID:[Diagnostic coefficients of ischemic heart disease in diabetes mellitus]. 688 7

Clones of 32 strains of Trichomonas vaginalis isolated from patients attending a venereal diseases clinic were compared among themselves and with authentic Pentatrichomonas hominis on the basis of their isoenzyme patterns for eight enzymes by thin-layer starch-gel electrophoresis. The enzymes examined were: glucose phosphate isomerase (GPI); phosphoglucomutase (PGM); malic enzyme (NADP+) (ME); hexokinase (HK); malate dehydrogenase (NAD+) (MDH); glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD); aldolase (ALD); and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). From the isoenzyme patterns of four enzymes (LDH, MDH, HK, and GPI) the strains of T vaginalis could be divided clearly into five groups. PGM showed differences in only one strain, while two other enzyme patterns (ME and ALD) were the same for all the strains of T vaginalis tested. All isolates were clearly distinguishable from P hominis. Although G6PD patterns were not sharp some differences were evident among T vaginalis strains.
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PMID:Isoenzyme characterisation of Trichomonas vaginalis. 698 Jun 85

The activity of serum enzymes, such as, creatine kinase (CK), pyruvate kinase (PK), aldolase (ALD), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), sorbitol dehydrogenase (SbDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), glutamate-aspartate aminotransferase (AST), glutamate-alanine aminotransferase (ALT), myokinase (MK), glucosephosphate isomerase (GPI), alkaline phosphatase (AlkP), pseudocholinesterase (PsCHE) isocitrate dehydrogenase and gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (gamma-GTP), was determined in 256 patients with progressing myodystrophy (PMD) (Duchenne's form in 125, Becker's form in 14, pelvicohumeral form in 36, humeroscapulofacial form in 19, ocular form in 10, other rare forms in 34, and nonidentified forms in 13 patients). In the control group (64 men, 56 women and 50 children), the activity of the enzymes was found to depend on the patients' sex and age. With regard to both parameters, i. e. the degree of the enzyme activity rise and the frequency of the pathological values the most informative were CK, then PK and ALD, and then all the other enzymes. Of all the PMD forms the enzymatic activity appeared to be the highest in patients with the pseudohypertrophic malignant form. By determining the activity of five enzymes (CK, ALD, LDH, AST and ALT) and taking into consideration the patient's age, the onset and the duration of the disease one can distinguish between sick and healthy subjects, as well as between various forms of PMD.
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PMID:[Serum enzyme dynamics in progressive muscular dystrophies]. 703 17

Activities of 14 enzymes were determined in psoas muscle, smooth muscle, diaphragm, heart, brain, liver, kidney, spleen, pancreas, salivary glands, zygomatic gland, intestinal mucosa, subcellular fractions, and plasma of the dog. In pups, plasma activity of most enzymes was high, except iditol dehydrogenase (ID), glutamate dehydrogenase (GLD), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and D-fructose-1,6-diphosphate aldolase (ALS). Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), ALS, cholinesterase (CHS), creatine kinase (CK), alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (HBD), lactate dehydrogenase (LD), and malate dehydrogenase (MD) decreased significantly (P less than 0.01) with increasing age, but in dogs greater than 7 months, all enzymes except CK, HBD, and ALT revealed reasonably constant plasma values. Enzymes ALT, GLD, CHS, and ID are specific for liver, CK and ALS for muscle, HBD to some degree for myocardium, and alpha-amylase for pancreas. The ALP and gamma-glutamyltransferase were located in microsomes, GLD in mitochondria, MD and AST in mitochondria and cytoplasm, and isocitric dehydrogenase, LD, and the other enzymes only in cytoplasm.
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PMID:Enzyme activities in the dog: tissue analyses, plasma values, and intracellular distribution. 703 2

The energy metabolism of the English E-CMO strain of contagious equine metritis bacterium was studied in whole cells and cell extracts. This bacterium appears to have an active Krebs cycle and probably obtains energy by oxidative phosphorylation since glycolysis and the hexose monophosphate pathways appear to be absent. These conclusions are based on the findings that [U-14C]glucose incorporation by this bacterium is below the level of detection, and that respiration is stimulated by Krebs cycle intermediates (i.e., malate, citrate, and succinate), but not by glucose, fructose, maltose, or sucrose. Furthermore, support comes from the fact that enzymes generally associated with the Krebs cycle and electron transport (i.e., malate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, fumarate hydratase, malate dehydrogenase [decarboxylating], cytochrome oxidase, superoxide dismutase, NADH dehydrogenase, and catalase) were detected. Those enzymes normally associated with glycolysis and the hexose monophosphate pathways (i.e., hexokinase, glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, fructose biphosphate aldolase, glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, pyruvate kinase, phosphate acetyl transferase, acetate kinase, alcohol dehydrogenase, and lactate dehydrogenase) were below the level of detection.
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PMID:Energy metabolism of the contagious equine metritis bacterium. 708 71

Alkali-burnt corneas of the rabbits with 1 N NaOH were studied periodically for enzymatic activities by biochemical methods. There was significant increase of aldolase (ALD) activity both in corneal epithelium and stroma 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks after alkali burns. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity was significantly decreased in epithelium and was absent in stroma. Thus the breakdown of glucose would be present preferably in the Embden-Meyerhoff pathway instead of the pentose phosphate shunt. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity of corneal epithelium and stroma was significantly decreased 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks after alkali burns and the possible pathway of glycolysis might channel to citric acid cycle, in which malate dehydrogenase (MDH) could indicate the important role in this pathway.
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PMID:The enzymatic activities in the alkali-burnt rabbit cornea. 709 40

The changes were followed up that take place in the activity of the more important serum enzymes, such as glutamate oxalacetate transaminase, glutamate pyruvate transaminase, serum dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine phosphokinase, and alkaline phosphatase, as well as aldolase in the development of the experimental infection with various doses of Taenia ovis eggs in lambs. Used were 14 two-month-old lambs divided into test groups of 4 animals each and a control group of two lambs. In the lambs of three of the test groups infected with 4000, 7000, and 30 000 T. ovis eggs, respectively, no signs were observed of enhanced serum enzyme activity up to the 35th day following infection. Later on there was a drop of the activity of these enzymes however, with the exception of alkaline phosphatase the values of all studied serum enzymes remained higher than the normal ones up to the end of the experiment.
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PMID:[Effect of an experimental infestation with Cysticercus ovis on serum enzyme activity in lambs]. 717 Jul 68


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