Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:4.1.1.6 (CAD)
4,420 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Laboratory-manufactured gold, ceramic and composite inlays were compared with the CAD/CAM produced CEREC inlay experimentally and clinically. The following systems were examined: Dicor, Optec, Hi-Ceram, Du-Ceram, Cerec, Kulzer, Coltene, SR-Isosit composite inlays, and gold inlays (Degulor C) with adhesive fixation (group I) and with zinc oxide phosphate cement (group II). In the clinical trial inlays in 270 teeth were re-evaluated in a total of 73 patients after 2.3 to 5 years. After 3 years the results obtained with Optec, Hi-Ceram and the Coltene composite inlay were less favorable than those of other systems--statistically however, this difference was of rather low significance (p less than 0.05). Fractures of ceramic inlays occurred in 6 cases within 8 months. 10 failures of ceramic and composite inlays were due to secondary caries.
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PMID:[Clinical results and material behavior of composite, ceramic and gold inlays]. 161 71

Technetium-99m-methoxy-isobutyl-isonitrile (MIBI) is a myocardial perfusion agent which allows simultaneous assessment of left ventricular function. We evaluated left ventricular (LV) function with exercise using a new method of myocardial profiling in 43 patients with chest pain. Twenty-eight had significant coronary artery disease and 15 were normal on coronary angiography. Results were compared to equilibrium radionuclide ventriculography. MIBI fractional shortening (FS) correlated well with ejection fraction (EF) on exercise (r = 0.79, P = less than 0.001). There was also a good correlation between changes in global function from rest to exercise (r = 0.82, P = less than 0.001) with a sensitivity of diagnosing CAD of 71% and specificity of 80%. New regional wall abnormalities were detected in 25/28 with CAD with a sensitivity of 89% and specificity of 60%. There was also a close correlation between mean diameters measured with gated MIBI scans and volumes measured with RNV, end-diastolic diameter (EDD) versus end-diastolic volume (EDV) r = 0.78 (P = less than 0.001) at rest and r = 0.74 (P = less than 0.001) on exercise and end-systolic diameter (ESD) versus end-systolic volume (ESV) r = 0.72 (P = less than 0.001) at rest and r = 0.72 (P = less than 0.001) on exercise. This produced a sensitivity for detecting CAD of 79% and a specificity of 73%. These results show that gated MIBI scanning on exercise provides information comparable to RNV so enhancing the diagnostic usefulness of MIBI.
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PMID:Evaluation of changes in myocardial function on exercise in patients with coronary artery disease using gated MIBI scintigraphy. 161 8

Regional wall thickening was assessed by ECG-gated SPECT using technetium-99m 2-methoxy-isobutyl-isonitrile (99mTc-MIBI). For myocardial segments with an optimal short axis, regional count changes from end-diastole to end-systole were used to calculate the regional wall thickening. Functional images displaying amplitude, % wall thickening (% WT), and phase were generated by a fundamental Fourier analysis. In the control subjects, % WT analysis showed heterogeneous contraction among the left ventricular wall segments. The amplitude values showed a similar pattern to the %WT values. Phase images demonstrated that the timing of ventricular contraction was almost homogenous between the various wall segments. In the CAD patients, regional decreases in amplitude and %WT corresponding to zones of reduced perfusion were shown in the ischemic segments. Phase images also indicated asynchronous contraction in these segments. Phase analysis of regional wall thickening in 99mTc-MIBI scintigraphy seems to be useful for understanding regional myocardial function in combination with perfusion scanning.
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PMID:Quantitative phase analysis of myocardial wall thickening by technetium-99m 2-methoxy-isobutyl-isonitrile SPECT. 162 27

The software driving the Cerec CAD/CAM system has recently been updated. In this study, the marginal accuracy of computer-machined porcelain inlays was determined using the original and the updated software. Two types of MOD cavities in Frasaco resin teeth were prepared with either sharp or rounded box corners. The distance of the occlusal and proximal marginal interface was determined using a measuring microscope. The mean occlusal interfacial distance was 52 microns for both programs. Only the box corners showed a significantly larger space, of which the mean value was approximately 200 microns. The updated version improved the marginal accuracy at the box corners. Further reduction of the interfacial distance was accomplished by rounding the sharp box corners.
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PMID:Marginal accuracy of CAD/CAM inlays made with the original and the updated software. 162 22

This study investigated the relationship between two dimensions of anger-hostility--the expression of anger-hostility and the experience of anger-hostility--and cardiovascular reactivity in provoked and angered men. A serial subtraction task was administered to 41 male undergraduates who were provoked and angered. A measure of the expression of anger-hostility correlated positively and significantly with systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) reactivity. There were no significant correlations between a measure of the experience of anger-hostility and cardiovascular reactivity. The two types of anger-hostility were also found to relate differentially to life-style variables that have been identified as risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD), with only the expression of anger-hostility showing positive relationships with these life-style CHD risk factors. These findings are discussed within the context of a similar differential relationship between the two dimensions of anger-hostility and CAD and CHD. Finally, significant negative relationships were obtained between the experience of anger-hostility and resting BP and heart rate levels. These findings are discussed within the context of other data suggesting that trait anxiety-neuroticism may have protective properties.
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PMID:Dimensions of anger-hostility and cardiovascular reactivity in provoked and angered men. 162 38

Body surface potential mapping (BSPM) is an electrocardiographic measuring technique which produces the data as a series of three-dimensional maps. These maps are assumed to contain information which may help classify subjects for diagnostic purposes more effectively than standard ECGs. As quantitative classification of the complete sequences of maps is complex and cumbersome, the present study uses extracted features which characterise the data. The features, which have been presented and evaluated in a recent work, have been extracted after the maps were processed by a compression technique which conserved the spatial details of the maps. The compression by two-level thresholding converted the sequences of maps into sequences of annuli, from which the following features were extracted: time indices, velocity vector magnitude, loci in three-dimensional space of the centres of mass and cross-correlation coefficients between successive annuli in the sequence. Here, three different classification methods are applied to these features: statistical methods, the Fisher linear discriminant method and visual inspection. BSPMs from 54 subjects are used: 25 normal, 11 WPW syndrome and 18 CAD cases. It is found that by applying a decision role which comprises all features, the procedure offers a completely accurate classification of the subjects to their groups. The three-dimensional centre of mass is found to be the single best classifier; successfully categorising 20/25 of the normals 17/18 of the CAD patients and 11/11 of the WPW patients.
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PMID:Classification of pathologies by reduced sequential potential maps. 164 Jul 51

Physical exercise is widely used in the treatment of chronic pain patients, and direct measurement of physical capabilities is needed to objectively document change. In this study, 46 residential chronic pain patients undergoing treatment at a multidisciplinary rehabilitation center were administered a cycle ergometer graded exercise test, using a Medical Graphics CAD/NET exercise system, to measure aerobic fitness and other physiological parameters before and after the four-week treatment program. Patients evinced highly statistically significant changes in all major indices of cardiopulmonary functioning, including MAXVO2 and METS, and a measure of lower body power (WATTS). Possible mechanisms underlying such dramatic changes in this short time period include improved physical fitness, learning or desensitization to symptoms associated with exertion, and improved effort. Documenting treatment-related changes is important, and metabolic exercise testing provides an objective method for assessing changes in functional capacities. Such changes may have important practical implications for these individuals. The importance of assessing and improving aerobic fitness in chronic pain populations is discussed.
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PMID:Assessment of aerobic power in chronic pain patients before and after a multi-disciplinary treatment program. 164 22

Twenty-six subjects (20 male, 6 female) at high risk for CAD events were treated with moderate doses of nicotinic acid to investigate whether there was a differential lipoprotein response in patients with different LDL subclass patterns. Subjects were selected to have either pattern A (predominance of large LDL, peak particle diameter greater than 262 A, n = 9) or pattern B (predominance of small LDL, peak particle diameter less than 255 A, n = 17) as assessed by 2-16% gradient gel electrophoresis of plasma. Nicotinic acid dose was similar in pattern A (2111 +/- 651 mg/day) and pattern B subjects (1875 +/- 698 mg/day). Total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol decreased by similar amounts in pattern A (-41 +/- 26 mg/dl and -37 +/- 18 mg/dl) and pattern B (-51 +/- 44 mg/dl and -44 +/- 45 mg/dl) subjects. Triglycerides tended to be reduced more in pattern B subjects (-100 +/- 175 mg/dl) compared to pattern A subjects (-23 +/- 34 mg/dl) although this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.08 for triglycerides log transformed). HDL cholesterol increased significantly more in the pattern B group (11.9 +/- 14.2 mg/dl) compared to pattern A subjects (0.7 +/- 8.5 mg/dl), (P less than 0.04). Similarly, LDL particle diameter increased significantly more in the pattern B subjects (9.8 +/- 6.9 A) compared to the pattern A subjects (3.6 +/- 3.0 A), (P less than 0.02). All pattern B subjects who achieved a plasma triglyceride less than 140 mg/dl converted to pattern A.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Differential effects of nicotinic acid in subjects with different LDL subclass patterns. 164 94

Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD, EC 1.1.1.195) is an enzyme involved in lignin biosynthesis. We have previously isolated pure CAD enzyme as two closely related polypeptides of 44 and 42.5 kDa from tobacco stems. In this paper, we report partial amino acid sequences of these two polypeptides. Based on the peptide sequences mixed oligonucleotides were used to screen a tobacco stem cDNA library and CAD cDNA clones encoding the two polypeptides were identified. DNA sequence comparisons indicate very high sequence identity between these clones both in the coding and in the 5' and 3' untranslated sequences. The close similarity between the two CAD genes leads us to suggest that they do not represent different isoforms but are the same gene from each of the two parental lines of Nicotiana tabacum cv. Samsun. Sequence comparisons with alcohol dehydrogenase 1 (ADH1) from yeast shows sequence similarities of ca. 30%, while comparisons with maize, barley and potato ADH1 sequences show similarities of not more than 23%.
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PMID:Identification and characterisation of cDNA clones encoding cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase from tobacco. 164 82

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of Cerec CAD-CAM grinding discs coated with a standard (StD) and experimental (FeD) diamond pattern using 126 microns and 91 microns diamond grain sizes on each coating. The four types of grinding discs (StD126/91, FeD126/91) were used to mill the same standard mod inlays from blocoff+ (10 x 12 x 15 mm) of feldspathic porcelain (Vita) vs. Dicor MGC glass ceramic (Dentsply). The millings were performed on 12 Cerec units (Siemens) simultaneously for each combination of type of disc and type of material. Using porcelain, the discs milled the following median numbers of inlays: StD126: 6.3, StD91: 3.5 (p less than 0.01) and FeD126: 9.5, FeD91: 8.4. The milling efficiency of FeD91 was significantly (p less than 0.001) higher than that of StD126. Damaging effects on inlay margins were observed; degree 0: StD126 = 35% and FeD126 = 25%; degree 2: StD126 = 10% and FeD126 = 25%. Using Dicor MGC glass ceramic the median number of milled inlays was generally low (StD126: 4.0, StD91: 1.0, FeD126: 3.0, FeD91: 2.0). Damaging degree 3 occurred as follows; StD126 = 2.1%; FeD126 = 4.3%; FeD91 = 0.8%. Concluding from the observed milling efficiency and damaging effects, the standard disc StD126 was judged to offer the best compromise for milling both glass ceramic and porcelain material.
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PMID:[The service life of Cerec abrasive disks]. 165 Sep 64


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