Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:4.1.1.6 (CAD)
 4,420 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This paper compares three common methods for the detection of Clostridium difficile, i.e. latex agglutination, culture and cytotoxic activity. The sensitivity of the latex agglutination test alone is 70%, of the culture 100% and of the cytotoxin test 66%. Specificities are 93, 96 and 100%, respectively. The latex agglutination has positive and negative predictive values of 58 and 96%; the respective values for the culture are 77 and 100%, for the cytotoxin assay 100 and 96%. Whereas all tests are fairly reliable for the exclusion of diarrhea associated to Clostridium difficile (CAD), the positive predictive values of latex agglutination and culture are too low. If one requests two positive test results for proof of CAD, about two third of all cases are detected by any combination of laboratory tests, while the specificity approaches 100%. We recommend that two of the three tests are performed; the choice is influenced by the possibilities of the laboratory.
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PMID:[The problems of rapid diagnosis of Clostridium difficile as causative agent of antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis]. 199 Apr 15

Uridine monophosphate (UMP) is a major nucleotide analogue in mammalian milk and uridine (UR) is its gastro-intestinal metabolite in vivo. This study aims to investigate the functional effects of UMP and UR on the gut in vitro and in vivo. Twenty-one piglets were randomly allotted into three groups, the control group, UMP group and UR group, and orally administered UMP or UR for 10 days. Results showed that UMP and UR supplements improved the ADG of piglets, and decreased the diarrhea rate. UR increased the jejunum villus length/crypt depth ratio, Claudin-3 and E-cadherin expression, and the pyrimidine nucleotide metabolic enzymes including CMPK1, RRM2, UPRT, CTPS1 and CTPS2 in the duodenal mucosa. Both the UMP and UR decreased the expression of CAD and RRM2 at the jejunal mucosa. Moreover, UMP and UR increased the apoptosis ratio of intestinal epithelial cells in in vivo and in vitro experiments. Taken together, oral administration of UR and UMP could improve the small intestinal morphology, promote epithelial cell apoptosis and renewal of intestinal villus tips, and benefit intestinal development and health thus improving the growth performance and reducing the risk of diarrhea in early-weaned piglets.
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PMID:Uridine/UMP metabolism and their function on the gut in segregated early weaned piglets. 3123 50