Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:4.1.1.6 (CAD)
 4,420 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The characterization of regional myocardial stress distribution has been limited by the use of idealized mathematical representations of biventricular geometry. State-of-the-art computer-aided design and engineering (CAD/CAE) techniques can be used to create complete, unambiguous mathematical representations (solid models) of complex object geometry that are suitable for a variety of applications, including stress-strain analyses. We have used advanced CAD/CAE software to create a 3-D solid model of the biventricular unit using planar geometric data extracted from an ex vivo canine heart. Volumetric analysis revealed global volume errors of 4.7%, -1.3%, -1.6%, and -1.1% for the left ventricular cavity, right ventricular cavity, myocardial wall, and total enclosed volumes, respectively. Model errors for 34 in-plane area and circumference determinations (mean +/- SD) were 5.3 +/- 6.7% and 3.8 +/- 2.7%. Error analysis suggested that model volume errors may be due to operator variability. These results demonstrate that solid modeling of the ex vivo biventricular unit yields an accurate mathematical representation of myocardial geometry which is suitable for meshing and subsequent finite element analysis. The use of CAD/CAE solid modeling in the representation of biventricular geometry may thereby facilitate the characterization of regional myocardial stress distribution.
 ...
PMID:Mathematical three-dimensional solid modeling of biventricular geometry. 832 21

Quality of service, in terms of improvement in patient satisfaction, is an increasingly important objective in all medical fields, and is especially imperative in orthodontics due to the high numbers of patients treated. Information technology can provide a meaningful contribution to bettering treatment processes, and we maintain that systems such as CAD, CAM and CAE, although initially conceived for industrial purposes, should be evaluated, studied and customized with a view to use in medicine. The present study aims to evaluate Reverse Engineering (RE) and Rapid Prototyping (RP) in order to define an ideal chain of advanced technological solutions to support the critical processes of orthodontic activity.
 ...
PMID:Evaluation of 3D technologies in dentistry. 1929 38

There are presented the modern possibilities of application of the computeric modeling methods, including CAD/CAM/CAE technologies, in the planning of osteosynthesis and determination of the functional loading regimes in the patients, suffering traumatic mandibular fracture. Virtual models of the systems "bone-fixator", created on the ground of analysis of the spiral CT and functional investigations data, have had demonstrated highly precisely the anatomic peculiarities of the patients chewing system, ununiform physicomechanical properties of the fractures bone tissues and conditions of functional loading while the teeth closure. Mathematical calculations, conducted on the models, have permitted to estimate the value and character of the local pressure and deformity, occurring in the system elements, and to estimate its rigidity and safety in conditions of the chewing load. The model calculations were taken in account while choosing the patients rehabilitation regimes in posttraumatic period. Clinical investigations, conducted in immediate and late follow-up periods after the operation, have confirmed the trustworthiness of the model calculations and possibility of the method application while decision making in complex, atypical clinical settings.
 ...
PMID:[Determination of regimes of functional loading in the patients with traumatic mandibular fractures after osteosynthesis performance using modern methods of computer modeling]. 2371 37

We evaluated the outcomes of total hip arthroplasty in 67 patients (86 hips) with congenital hip disease and excessive abnormal anatomy of the proximal femur with the use of custom-made femoral stems. The design of the stem was based on CT data following the principles of CAD-CAE-CAM technique. No serious complications attributed to the femoral stem were seen. Within a median follow-up of 127.5 months the 10-year survival of any of the components was 95.4% and respective value when aseptic loosening of the stem was considered was 98.1%. Patients with high dislocations had a 10-fold risk for loosening compared to those with low dislocations. No other parameter was associated with outcomes. The clinical and radiological evaluation was in consistency with the above outcomes.
 ...
PMID:Long Term Outcomes of Total Hip Arthroplasty With Custom Made Femoral Implants in Patients With Congenital Disease of Hip. 2618 84

The experimental fatigue life prediction of leaf springs is a time consuming process. The engineers working in the field of leaf springs always face a challenge to formulate alternate methods of fatigue life assessment. The work presented in this paper provides alternate methods for fatigue life assessment of leaf springs. A 65Si7 light commercial vehicle leaf spring is chosen for this study. The experimental fatigue life and load rate are determined on a full scale leaf spring testing machine. Four alternate methods of fatigue life assessment have been depicted. Firstly by SAE spring design manual approach the fatigue test stroke is established and by the intersection of maximum and initial stress the fatigue life is predicted. The second method constitutes a graphical method based on modified Goodman's criteria. In the third method codes are written in FORTRAN for fatigue life assessment based on analytical technique. The fourth method consists of computer aided engineering tools. The CAD model of the leaf spring has been prepared in solid works and analyzed using ANSYS. Using CAE tools, ideal type of contact and meshing elements have been proposed. The method which provides fatigue life closer to experimental value and consumes less time is suggested.
...
PMID:Fatigue Life Assessment of 65Si7 Leaf Springs: A Comparative Study. 2737 27

Rationale: Recovery of autonomy, in paralyzed/with severe disabilities patients, is one of the most difficult challenges for rehabilitation. Thus, an appropriate wheelchair is essential for this kind of people, both in daily lives, including work and social participation, and for quality of life (QoL). Objective: The purpose of the study is to achieve a consistent improvement to the actual models of wheelchairs followed by validation through clinical trial of the optimized prototype, in order to enhance the users' autonomy and QoL. Material and Results: In the research activities and for establishing constructive and optimized functional solutions will be used, simulation of system operation techniques, based on software packages and Computer-Aided Design/ Engineering (CAD/ CAE) systems. Validation, of the optimized wheelchair prototype, through clinical trial, requires a prospective study. The study will include a group of 30 patients, who will be investigated for a one-month period. The patients will complete, at the end of the study, a standardized questionnaire containing generic data and many items referring to the optimized wheelchair functions and to the autonomy of the users including in relation to their own expectations. We will also use the quantified evaluation scale of QoL, Wheelchair Outcome Measure (WhOM) and a Falls Concern Scale for people with Spinal Cord Injury (SCI-FCS). Discussion: The wheelchair particularities that we pursue, and which are distinguished from the other models, is the fact that the wheelchair is powered, pliable and allows verticalization, hopefully at a price comparable or even lower than the current state of the art models (but none of them succeeded by now to fulfil all this three basic functions on a single "all in one" such device). Hence, if our optimized prototype will achieve technical and clinical validation, this will result in a significant enhancement of autonomy and QoL for the users.
 ...
PMID:Assumptions and conceptual contributions to improve the global assistive performance of actual wheelchairs, in order to enhance the users' autonomy and quality of life. 3180 94