Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:4.1.1.32 (phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase)
 4,204 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This study was conducted to investigate the role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) in inducing cancer cachexia, and the results were compared with those obtained from our previous study on Fisher 344 rats with methylcholanthrene-induced sarcoma. Three groups of male Fisher 344 rats received one of the following regimens: 4 x 10(4) IU of human recombinant TNF-alpha per rat per day subcutaneously (sc) for 5 consecutive days (n = 5), 3.5 x 10(5) U human recombinant IL-2 per rat per day sc for 14 consecutive days (n = 5), or normal saline (n = 5). The activities of both phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) and malic enzyme (ME) were increased slightly in the IL-2 group. Furthermore, LPL activity was significantly increased in the adipose tissue of the TNF group and in the cardiac muscle of the IL-2 group, but not in that of the TNF group. These results show that there is a significant difference between the metabolic alterations seen in the tumor-bearing state and those induced by either TNF-alpha or IL-2 alone. Thus, it is unlikely that IL-2 or TNF-alpha is the sole mediator of cancer cachexia in this tumor and rat model.
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PMID:The possible role of TNF-alpha and IL-2 in inducing tumor-associated metabolic alterations. 868 Jan 18

We have previously shown in in vivo experiments that adipose tissue glyceroneogenesis is increased in rats adapted to a high-protein, carbohydrate-free (HP) diet. The objectives of the present study were (1) to verify if the increased glyceroneogenic activity is also observed in isolated adipocytes and (2) to investigate the role of preformed fatty acids in the production of the increased adipose tissue glyceroneogenesis. Control rats received a balanced diet, with the same lipid content of the HP diet. Glyceroneogenic activity was found to be higher in adipocytes from HP rats than in controls, as evidenced by increased rates of conversion of pyruvate and lactate to triacylglycerol (TAG)-glycerol. Administration of Triton WR 1339, which blocks the removal of TAG incorporated into circulating lipoproteins, to HP diet-adapted rats caused a significant reduction in the incorporation of 14C-pyruvate into TAG-glycerol by adipose tissue, which was accompanied by a marked inhibition of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase activity, the key enzyme of glyceroneogenesis. The inhibitory effect of Triton on TAG-glycerol synthesis by adipose tissue was also observed in vivo, after administration of 3H2O. Adaptation to the HP diet induced a marked increase in the activity of retroperitoneal and epididymal fat LPL, which was restored to control values 24 hours after replacement of the HP diet by the balanced diet. The data suggest that in rats adapted to a carbohydrate-free diet, adipose tissue glyceroneogenesis is activated by an increased use of diet-derived fatty acids.
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PMID:Increased glyceroneogenesis in adipose tissue from rats adapted to a high-protein, carbohydrate-free diet: role of dietary fatty acids. 1632 24