Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:4.1.1.32 (phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase)
 4,204 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) fibers are single-celled trichomes that synchronously undergo a phase of rapid cell expansion, then a phase including secondary cell wall deposition, and finally maturation. To determine if there is coordinated regulation of gene expression during fiber expansion, we analyzed the expression of components involved in turgor regulation and a cytoskeletal protein by measuring levels of mRNA and protein accumulation and enzyme activity. Fragments of the genes for the plasma membrane proton-translocating ATPase, vacuole-ATPase, proton-translocating pyrophosphatase (PPase), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, major intrinsic protein, and alpha-tubulin were amplified by polymerase chain reaction and used as probes in ribonuclease protection assays of RNA from a fiber developmental series, revealing two discrete patterns of mRNA accumulation. Transcripts of all but the PPase accumulated to highest levels during the period of peak expansion (+12-15 d postanthesis [dpa]), then declined with the onset of secondary cell wall synthesis. The PPase was constitutively expressed through fiber development. Activity of the two proton-translocating-ATPases peaked at +15 dpa, whereas PPase activity peaked at +20 dpa, suggesting that all are involved in the process of cell expansion but with varying roles. Patterns of protein accumulation and enzyme activity for some of the proteins examined suggest posttranslational regulation through fiber development.
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PMID:Genes involved in osmoregulation during turgor-driven cell expansion of developing cotton fibers are differentially regulated. 953 73

The regulation exerted by the Fe status in the plant on Fe deficiency responses was investigated in Cucumis sativus L. roots at both biochemical and molecular levels. Besides the two activities strictly correlated with Fe deficiency response, those of the Fe(III)-chelate reductase and the high affinity Fe transporter, we considered also H(+)-ATPase (EC 3.6.3.6) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (EC 4.1.1.31), that have been shown to be involved in this response. Both enzymatic activities and gene expression were monitored using a split root system. Absence of Fe induced the expression of the four transcripts, accompanied by an increase in the corresponding enzymatic activities. The application of the split root technique gave some information about the regulation of Fe uptake. In fact, 24 h after split root application, transcripts were still high and comparable to those of the -Fe control in the Fe-supplied half side, while in the -Fe side there was a drop in the expression and the relative enzymatic activities. Major changes occurred after 48 and 72 h. The coordinated regulation of these responses is discussed.
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PMID:Application of the split root technique to study iron uptake in cucumber plants. 2270 92