Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:4.1.1.32 (phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase)
 4,204 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The activities of two key enzymes of glycolysis and two key enzymes of gluconeogenesis were measured in liver samples from 44 human fetuses ranging in gestational age from 20 weeks to term, from infants to 10 years and from adults from 21 to 58 years. Specific activities of both gluconeogenic enzymes, fructose-1,6-biphosphatase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, increased throughout the period of fetal development examined, and rose to near adult levels after birth. The activities of both glycolytic enzymes, phosphofructokinase 1 and pyruvate kinase, were lower in fetal than in pediatric and adult samples. For both of these enzymes, there was a significant reduction in activity of livers from fetuses of 34-37 weeks' gestation. Both enzymes showed hyperbolic kinetics at 24 weeks' gestation, but this changed to sigmoid kinetics during the 34-37 weeks' period of low activity. The data indicate that during the last weeks of gestation, inhibition of the activities of these two glycolytic enzymes, coupled with the rise in the two gluconeogenic enzymes, may reflect a change in liver from a primarily glycolytic role in the first two trimesters to a gluconeogenic role shortly before birth.
 ...
PMID:Development of enzymes of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis in human fetal liver. 133 4

Female albino rats were exposed to methadone over a 35-day period by addition of the drug in their drinking water. The final dose of the drug was 1.8 mg/kg body weight per day. After this period, the drug was withdrawn from some animals for 30 days (postexposure). Compared to unexposed controls, serum glucose levels rose during exposure and returned to control levels postexposure. Oral glucose tolerance tests showed impairment in 35-day drug-exposed animals compared to controls and postexposure. The activities of three key enzymes of glycolysis and three key enzymes of gluconeogenesis were measured in liver during and at the end of the exposure period, as well as postexposure. Compared to unexposed controls and postexposure, specific activities of two glycolytic enzymes in livers of exposed animals-hexokinase and phosphofructokinase 1-were significantly reduced, whereas the activity of a third glycolytic enzyme-pyruvate kinase-was unchanged. The specific activities of two gluconeogenic enzymes-glucose-6-phosphatase and fructose-1,6-biphosphatase-were significantly elevated in the drug-exposed animals compared to controls, whereas the activity of a third enzyme-phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase-was unchanged. These data indicate that methadone addiction produces a metabolic state similar to insulin-resistant diabetes.
 ...
PMID:Effect of methadone addiction on glucose metabolism in rats. 911 73