Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:4.1.1.17 (ornithine decarboxylase)
 6,351 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In recent years, there have been considerable efforts to search for naturally occurring substances for intervention of carcinogenesis. Many components from medicinal or dietary plants have been identified to possess potential chemopreventive properties. For instance, curcumin, a yellow colouring agent from turmeric (Curcuma longa Linn., Zingiberaceae) has been shown to inhibit tumor formation in diverse animal models. Alpinia oxyphylla Miquel that also belongs to ginger family has been used in oriental herbal medicine. In the present work, we have evaluated the anti-tumor promoting potential of yakuchinone A (1-[4'-hydroxy-3'-methoxyphenyl]-7-phenyl-3-heptanone) and yakuchinone B (1-[4'-hydroxy-3'-methoxyphenyl]-7-phenylhept-1-en-3-one), major pungent ingredients of A. oxyphylla. Thus, topical application of yakuchinone A or B significantly suppressed TPA-induced epidermal ornithine decarboxylase activity. They also reduced TPA-stimulated production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in cultured human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cells. Both compounds blunted the TPA-induced superoxide generation in differentiated HL-60 cells in a concentration-related manner and also inhibited lipid peroxidation in rat brain homogenates. Furthermore, yakuchinone A and yakuchinone B nullified the activation of the activator protein-1 (AP-1) in immortalized mouse fibroblast cells in culture. These findings indicate that pungent diarylheptanoids from A. oxyphylla have anti-tumor promotional properties that can contribute to their chemopreventive potential.
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PMID:Anti-tumor promoting potential of naturally occurring diarylheptanoids structurally related to curcumin. 1051 78

Recently, considerable attention has been focused on identifying naturally occurring chemopreventive substances capable of inhibiting, retarding, or reversing the multi-stage carcinogenesis. A wide array of phenolic substances, particularly those present in dietary and medicinal plants, have been reported to possess substantial anticarcinogenic and antimutagenic activities. The majority of these naturally occurring phenolics retain antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties which appear to contribute to their chemopreventive or chemoprotective activity. Capsaicin (trans-8-methyl-N-vanillyl-6-nonenamide), a pungent ingredient of hot chili pepper, protects against experimentally-induced mutagenesis and tumorigenesis. It also induces apoptosis in various immortalized or malignant cell lines. Plants of ginger family (Zingiberaceae) have been frequently and widely used as spices and also, in traditional oriental medicine. Curcumin, a yellow ingredient from turmeric (Curcuma longa L., Zingiberaceae), has been extensively investigated for its cancer chemopreventive potential. Yakuchinone A [1-(4'-hydroxy-3'-methoxyphenyl)-7-phenyl-3-heptanone] and yakuchinone B [1-(4'-hydroxy-3'-methoxyphenyl)-7-phenylhept-1-en-3-one] present in Alpinia oxyphylla Miquel (Zingiberaceae) have inhibitory effects on phorbol ester-induced inflammation and skin carcinogenesis in mice, and oxidative stress in vitro. These diarylheptanoids suppress phorbol ester-induced activation of ornithine decarboxylase and production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha or interleukin-1alpha and their mRNA expression. They also nullified the phorbol ester-stimulated induction of activator protein 1 (AP-1) in cultured human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cells. In addition, both yakuchinone A and B induced apoptotic death in HL-60 cells. Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Zingiberaceae) contains such pungent ingredients as [6]-gingerol and [6]-paradol, which also have anti-tumor promotional and antiproliferative effects. Resveratrol (3, 5,4'-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene), a phytoalexin found in grapes and other dietary and medicinal plants, and (-)-epigallocatechin gallate, a major antioxidative green tea polyphenol, exert striking inhibitory effects on diverse cellular events associated with multi-stage carcinogenesis. In addition, these compounds have ability to suppress proliferation of human cancer cells via induction of apoptosis.
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PMID:Molecular mechanisms of chemopreventive effects of selected dietary and medicinal phenolic substances. 1051 3