Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:4.1.1.17 (ornithine decarboxylase)
 6,351 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A facultatively anaerobic, acid-resistant bacterium, designated strain FRCl, was isolated from a low-pH, nitrate- and U(VI)-contaminated subsurface sediment at site FW-024 at the Natural and Accelerated Bioremediation Research Field Research Center in Oak Ridge, Tenn. Strain FRCl was enriched at pH 4.5 in minimal medium with nitrate as the electron acceptor, hydrogen as the electron donor, and acetate as the carbon source. Clones with 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequences identical to the sequence of strain FRCl were also detected in a U(VI)-reducing enrichment culture derived from the same sediment. Cells of strain FRCl were gram-negative motile regular rods 2.0 to 3.4 micro m long and 0.7 to 0.9 microm in diameter. Strain FRCl was positive for indole production, by the methyl red test, and for ornithine decarboxylase; it was negative by the Voges-Proskauer test (for acetylmethylcarbinol production), for urea hydrolysis, for arginine dihydrolase, for lysine decarboxylase, for phenylalanine deaminase, for H(2)S production, and for gelatin hydrolysis. Strain FRCl was capable of using O(2), NO(3)(-), S(2)O(3)(2-), fumarate, and malate as terminal electron acceptors and of reducing U(VI) in the cell suspension. Analysis of the 16S rDNA sequence of the isolate indicated that this strain was 96.4% similar to Salmonella bongori and 96.3% similar to Enterobacter cloacae. Physiological and phylogenetic analyses suggested that strain FRCl belongs to the genus Salmonella and represents a new species, Salmonella subterranea sp. nov.
 ...
PMID:Isolation, characterization, and U(VI)-reducing potential of a facultatively anaerobic, acid-resistant Bacterium from Low-pH, nitrate- and U(VI)-contaminated subsurface sediment and description of Salmonella subterranea sp. nov. 1512 57

A new Vibrio species, Vibrio ponticus, is proposed to accommodate four marine bacteria isolated from sea water, mussels and diseased sea bream (Sparus aurata), at the Mediterranean coast of Spain. Strains are Gram negative, slightly halophilic bacteria that require Na+ ion for growth, oxidase and catalase positive, negative for arginine dihydrolase and ornithine decarboxylase but positive for lysine decarboxylase and indole, and utilize beta-hydroxybutyrate as a sole carbon source. Phylogenetic analysis locate these marine bacteria in the vicinity of the V. fluvialis-V. furnissii clade, sharing with these two species 16S rDNA sequence similarities slightly above 97% (97.1 and 97.3%, respectively). DNA-DNA hybridisation values confirm that the four strains form a genospecies and represent a new species in the genus Vibrio. We propose strain 369T (CECT 5869T, DSM 16217T) as the type strain.
 ...
PMID:Vibrio ponticus sp. nov., a neighbour of V fluvialis-V. furnissii clade, isolated from gilthead sea bream, mussels and seawater. 1549 May 54

Previously, a psychrophilic rod-shaped marine bacterium (strain HAW-EB3(T)) isolated from Halifax Harbour sediment was noted for its ability to degrade hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX). In the present study phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genotypic characterization showed that strain HAW-EB3(T) represents a novel species of Shewanella. Strain HAW-EB3(T) contained lysine decarboxylase, which is absent in other known Shewanella species, and distinguished itself from most other species of Shewanella by the presence of arginine dehydrolase, ornithine decarboxylase and chitinase, and by its ability to oxidize and ferment N-acetyl-d-glucosamine. Strain HAW-EB3(T) grew on several carbon sources (N-acetyl-d-glucosamine, Tween 40, Tween 80, acetate, succinate, butyrate and serine) and showed distinctive fatty acid and quinone compositions. Both phenotypic and 16S rRNA gene phylogenetic cluster analyses demonstrated that HAW-EB3(T) belongs to the Na(+)-requiring group of Shewanella species. The HAW-EB3(T) 16S rRNA gene sequence displayed < or =97.4 % similarity to all known Shewanella species and was most similar to those of two bioluminescent species, Shewanella hanedai and Shewanella woodyi. However, gyrB of strain HAW-EB3(T) was significantly different from those of other Shewanella species, with similarities less than 85 %. DNA-DNA hybridization showed that its genomic DNA was less than 25 % related to that of S. hanedai or S. woodyi. Therefore we propose Shewanella sediminis sp. nov., with HAW-EB3(T) (=NCIMB 14036(T)=DSM 17055(T)) as the type strain.
 ...
PMID:Shewanella sediminis sp. nov., a novel Na+-requiring and hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine-degrading bacterium from marine sediment. 1601 74

The ability of unencapsulated (nontypeable) Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) to cause systemic disease in healthy children has been recognized only in the past decade. To determine the extent of similarity among invasive nontypeable isolates, we compared strain R2866 with 16 additional NTHi isolates from blood and spinal fluid, 17 nasopharyngeal or throat isolates from healthy children, and 19 isolates from middle ear aspirates. The strains were evaluated for the presence of several genetic loci that affect bacterial surface structures and for biochemical reactions that are known to differ among H. influenzae strains. Eight strains, including four blood isolates, shared several properties with R2866: they were biotype V (indole and ornithine decarboxylase positive, urease negative), contained sequence from the adhesin gene hia, and lacked a genetic island flanked by the infA and ksgA genes. Multilocus sequence typing showed that most biotype V isolates belonged to the same phylogenetic cluster as strain R2866. When present, the infA-ksgA island contains lipopolysaccharide biosynthetic genes, either lic2B and lic2C or homologs of the losA and losB genes described for Haemophilus ducreyi. The island was found in most nasopharyngeal and otitis isolates but was absent from 40% of invasive isolates. Overall, the 33 hmw-negative isolates were much more likely than hmw-containing isolates to have tryptophanase, ornithine decarboxylase, or lysine decarboxylase activity or to contain the hif genes. We conclude (i) that invasive isolates are genetically and phenotypically diverse and (ii) that certain genetic loci of NTHi are frequently found in association among NTHi strains.
 ...
PMID:Characterization of genetic and phenotypic diversity of invasive nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae. 1611 4

Important biochemical reactions in conventional tests were compared with counterpart reactions in two multiple test systems, API-20E (Analytab Products, Plainview, N.Y.) and Aeromonas hydrophila medium, to evaluate their accuracy for the identification of motile Aeromonas spp. isolated from fish. In a total of 49 Aeromonas spp. isolates and 10 A. hydrophila reference strains, false-negative or -positive reactions were detected in the Voges-Proskauer test, indole production, gelatinase activity, production of gas, fermentation of arabinose, and lysine decarboxylase reaction. A good correlation was found, among the three identification systems, for the fermentation of mannitol and inositol as well as for the arginine dihydrolase and ornithine decarboxylase tests. The failure of A. hydrophila medium in the detection of gas indicates that this medium is not entirely suitable for defining aerogenic or anaerogenic strains. From the results of the present study, we consider that of the identification method and taxonomic scheme to be adopted for environmental Aeromonas spp. must be standardized.
 ...
PMID:Evaluation of different assay systems for identification of environmental Aeromonas strains. 1634 25

The degradation of mammalian ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) (EC 4.1.1.17) by 26 S proteasome, is accelerated by the ODC antizyme (AZ), a trigger protein involved in the specific degradation of eukaryotic ODC. In prokaryotes, AZ has not been found. Previously, we found that in Selenomonas ruminantium, a strictly anaerobic and Gram-negative bacterium, a drastic degradation of lysine decarboxylase (LDC; EC 4.1.1.18), which has decarboxylase activities toward both L-lysine and L-ornithine with similar K(m) values, occurs upon entry into the stationary phase of cell growth by protease together with a protein of 22 kDa (P22). Here, we show that P22 is a direct counterpart of eukaryotic AZ by the following evidence. (i) P22 synthesis is induced by putrescine but not cadaverine. (ii) P22 enhances the degradation of both mouse ODC and S. ruminantium LDC by a 26 S proteasome. (iii) S. ruminantium LDC degradation is also enhanced by mouse AZ replacing P22 in a cell-free extract from S. ruminantium. (iv) Both P22 and mouse AZ bind to S. ruminantium LDC but not to the LDC mutated in its binding site for P22 and AZ. In this report, we also show that P22 is a ribosomal protein of S. ruminantium.
 ...
PMID:Characterization of a counterpart to Mammalian ornithine decarboxylase antizyme in prokaryotes. 1635 53

Active polyamine biosynthesis occurs in the embryonic axis, but not in the cotyledons, during germination of Glycine max (L.) cv Williams seeds and subsequent growth of the young seedlings. The hypocotyl and radicle synthesize and accumulate considerable amounts of cadaverine (Cad) and putrescine (Put) during the early stages of growth. Most of the amino acid precursors for the diamines are supplied from breakdown of the cotyledonary protein.In the axis, Cad synthesis which is catalyzed by l-lysine decarboxylase precedes the onset of growth (dry weight accumulation) of the axis and its accumulation continues as the growth progresses. After 2 days of imbibition, Cad is synthesized and accumulated at 37.4 nanomoles per axis per hour for at least 6 days. The rate then gradually decreases as the supply of free l-lysine from the cotyledons diminishes. Approximately 40 to 50% of the lysine resulting from breakdown of the cotyledonary protein ends up in Cad in the hypocotyl and radicle. Cad represents about 3.5% of the axis nitrogen derived from the cotyledons, which is equivalent to about 50% of the lysine content ( approximately 7%) of the seed protein.The synthesis and accumulation of Put in the axis also precedes the onset of growth of the axis. Both l-arginine decarboxylase and l-ornithine decarboxylase are involved in catalyzing the Put formation. The increased content of spermidine (Spd), but not spermine (Spm), parallels growth of the axis. Spm is maintained at a nearly undetectable level. After 2-day imbibition, Put and Spd are synthesized and accumulated at 0.94 and 0.17 nanomoles per axis per hour, respectively. The rate of Put accumulation, like that of Cad, decreases about 8 days after imbibition. The hypocotyl and radicle contain millimolar concentrations of Cad and Put which are primarily associated with the elongated zones. In contrast, Spd level or the molar ratio of Spd:Put appears to decrease as cell differentiation or elongation progresses.
 ...
PMID:Polyamine Anabolism in Germinating Glycine max (L.) Seeds : Dynamics of Cadaverine and Putrescine Formation in the Embryonic Axis. 1666 48

When the polyamine content of soybean (Glycine max) seeds was examined during the early stages of germination, the major polyamine in the cotyledons was found to be spermidine, followed by spermine; while very low concentrations of cadaverine were found. In the embryonic axes, however, cadaverine was the main polyamine and its content markedly increased 24 hours after the start of germination. When the germination of the seeds was performed in the presence of 1 millimolar alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), a marked decrease in the cadaverine content was found, while the other polyamines were not affected. This decrease of the cadaverine content was already noticeable after the first hours of germination. In the presence of DFMO, a pronounced elongation in the roots of the seedlings and a marked decrease in the appearance of secondary roots as compared with controls, was observed. This abnormal rooting of the seedlings caused by DFMO was almost completely reverted by the addition of 1 millimolar cadaverine. The latter also increased the appearance of secondary roots in the seedlings. The decrease in the cadaverine content produced by DFMO could be traced to a strong inhibition of lysine decarboxylase. A temporal correlation between the increase in cadaverine content and the increase in lysine decarboxylase activity was found. Both reached a maximum at the second day of germination. The activity of diamine oxidase, the cadaverine degrading enzyme, started to increase at the third day and reached a maximum between the fourth and fifth day of germination. DFMO increased the activity of diamine oxidase by about 25%. Hence, the large decrease in cadaverine content produced by DFMO has to be attributed to the in vivo suppression of lysine decarboxylase activity. Ornithine decarboxylase activity was also suppressed by DFMO, but putrescine and spermidine contents were not affected, except in the meristematic tissues. The obtained results suggest an important role for cadaverine in the normal rooting process of soybean seedlings.
 ...
PMID:Cadaverine, an Essential Diamine for the Normal Root Development of Germinating Soybean (Glycine max) Seeds. 1666 66

The activity of lysine decarboxylase was studied in 3-day-old soybean (Glycine max (L.) Meer cv. Sakai) seedlings also in relation to light conditions. Lysine decarboxylase activity was mainly localized in the roots and to a lesser extent in the hypocotyls and was detectable in both the soluble and particulate fractions. The enzyme activity levels were similar during germination under light and dark conditions. With respect to lysine concentration, the initial decarboxylation rate of the soluble fraction showed a saturating curve. Conversely, the initial decarboxylation rate of the particulate fraction showed a sigmoidal curve. These results could suggest that at least two isoforms of lysine decarboxylase are present in different organs of soybean seedlings. In the root soluble fraction, the suicide inhibitor alpha-difluoromethyl-lysine suppressed the activity of lysine decarboxylase and of ornithine decarboxylase to the same extent, but had no effect on arginine decarboxylase activity.
 ...
PMID:Putative occurrence of lysine decarboxylase isoforms in soybean (Glycine max) seedlings. 1822 70

Polyamines are ubiquitous components of all living cells, and their depletion usually causes cytostasis, a strategy employed for treatment of West African trypanosomiasis. To evaluate polyamine depletion as an anti-malarial strategy, cytostasis caused by the co-inhibition of S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase/ornithine decarboxylase in Plasmodium falciparum was studied with a comprehensive transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome investigation. Highly synchronized cultures were sampled just before and during cytostasis, and a novel zero time point definition was used to enable interpretation of results in lieu of the developmentally regulated control of gene expression in P. falciparum. Transcriptome analysis revealed the occurrence of a generalized transcriptional arrest just prior to the growth arrest due to polyamine depletion. However, the abundance of 538 transcripts was differentially affected and included three perturbation-specific compensatory transcriptional responses as follows: the increased abundance of the transcripts for lysine decarboxylase and ornithine aminotransferase and the decreased abundance of that for S-adenosylmethionine synthetase. Moreover, the latter two compensatory mechanisms were confirmed on both protein and metabolite levels confirming their biological relevance. In contrast with previous reports, the results provide evidence that P. falciparum responds to alleviate the detrimental effects of polyamine depletion via regulation of its transcriptome and subsequently the proteome and metabolome.
 ...
PMID:Co-inhibition of Plasmodium falciparum S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase/ornithine decarboxylase reveals perturbation-specific compensatory mechanisms by transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome analyses. 1907 7


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>