Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.6.4.4 (kinesin)
 5,033 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Heterotrimeric kinesin-II is a molecular motor localized to the inner segment, connecting cilium and axoneme of mammalian photoreceptors. Our purpose was to identify the role of kinesin-II in anterograde intraflagellar transport by photoreceptor-specific deletions of kinesin family member 3A (KIF3A), its obligatory motor subunit. In cones lacking KIF3A, membrane proteins involved in phototransduction did not traffic to the outer segments resulting in complete absence of a photopic electroretinogram and progressive cone degeneration. Rod photoreceptors lacking KIF3A degenerated rapidly between 2 and 4 weeks postnatally, but the phototransduction components including rhodopsin trafficked to the outer segments during the course of degeneration. Furthermore, KIF3A deletion did not affect synaptic anterograde trafficking. The results indicate that trafficking of membrane proteins to the outer segment is dependent on kinesin-II in cone, but not rod photoreceptors, even though rods and cones share similar structures, and closely related phototransduction polypeptides.
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PMID:Trafficking of membrane proteins to cone but not rod outer segments is dependent on heterotrimeric kinesin-II. 1990 76

Eukaryotic cells use cytoskeletal motor proteins to transport many different intracellular cargos. Numerous kinesins and myosins have evolved to cope with the various transport needs that have arisen during eukaryotic evolution. Surprisingly, a single cytoplasmic dynein (a minus end-directed microtubule motor) carries out similarly diverse transport activities as the many different types of kinesin. How is dynein coupled to its wide range of cargos and how is it spatially and temporally regulated? The answer could lie in the several multifunctional adaptors, including dynactin, lissencephaly 1, nuclear distribution protein E (NUDE) and NUDE-like, Bicaudal D, Rod-ZW10-Zwilch and Spindly, that regulate dynein function and localization.
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PMID:Regulators of the cytoplasmic dynein motor. 1993 68