Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.6.3.14 (ATP synthase)
 7,042 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The isolation and characterisation of a mutant affecting the assembly of mitochondrial ATPase is reported. The mutation confers resistance to oligomycin and venturicidin and sensitivity of growth on nonfermentable substrates to low temperature (19degrees). Genetic analysis indicates that the phenotype is due to a single mutation located on the mitochondrial DNA which is probably allelic with the independently isolated oligomycin resistance mutation [oli1-r]. Growth of the mutant at the non-restrictive temperature (28degrees) yields mitochondria in which the ATPase appears more sensitive to oligomycin than that of the sensitive parental strain. However, when the enzyme is isolated free from the influence of the membrane strong resistance to oligomycin is evident. These data suggest that the component responsible for the oligomycin resistance of the ATPase is part of or subject to interaction with the mitochondrial inner membrane. Measurements of the ATPase content of mitochondria indicate that ATPase production is impaired during growth at 19degreesC. In addition, studies of the maximum inhibition of mitochondrial ATPase activity by high concentrations of oligomycin suggest a selective lesion in ATPase assembly at low temperature. The nett result is that during growth at 19degrees only about 10% of the normal level of ATPase is produced of which less than half is membrane integrated and thus capable of oxidative energy production. We propose that the mutation affects a mitochondrially synthesised membrane sector peptide of the ATPase which defines the interaction of F1ATPase with specific environments on the mitochondrial inner membrane.
Mol Gen Genet 1975 Nov 03
PMID:Biogenesis of mitochondria 36, The genetic and biochemical analysis of a mitochondrially determined cold sensitive oligomycin resistant mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with affected mitochondrial ATPase assembly. 12 72

The nuclear pleiotropic respiratory-deficient mutant pet1 (previously M126) exhibits cytochromes aa3 and b deficiencies accompanied by loss of the oligomycin-sensitivity of the mitochondrial ATPase. The mutant pet1, unable to grow on glycerol, growth on glucose. The latter phenotypic trait symbolized by ANAS-D, exhibits a high frequency (2 to 4 X 10(5)) Of spontaneous suppression into Antimycin A-resistant strains. Mutagenesis with MnCl2 increases by a factor of 10(2) the frequency of ANAR-D derivatives. This suppression is partial since none of the suppressed strains is able to grow on glycerol even when respiratory functions and cytochromes activities are restored as in the pet1 [SUP2] strain. In the latter strain it is concluded that the extralocus suppressor gene [SUP2] is responsible for the ANAR-D trait. Tetrad analysis in a cross homozygous for pet1 demonstrates a non-Mendelian segregation pattern for the SUP2 suppressor gene. In stable diploids, homozygous for pet1, the [SUP2] suppressor exhibits a mitotic segregation pattern. Furthermore the transmission of the [SUP2] gene is decreased by ethidium bromide treatment. Therefore, the [SUP2] suppressor gene responsible for partial suppression of the nuclear pleiotropic phenotype in mutant pet1 is of cytoplasmic heredity.
Mol Gen Genet 1976 Nov 24
PMID:A cytoplasmic gene for partial suppression of a nuclear pleiotropic respiratory deficient mutant in the petite negative yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. 13 78

The mutant uvsrho 72 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae UV-sensitive for rho- production displays slower growth on media containing non-fermentable carbon sources such as glycerol or lactate. The slower growth on glycerol is not due to any deficiency in glycerol catabolism or mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. No modifications of the sensitivity to ethidium bromide of the mitochondrial ATPase activity could be detected. A mathematical model is presented which accounts for slower growth of uvsrho 72 on the sole basis of the continuous and elevated rho- production in the mutant strain. This model, which estimates the rate of mutation from the rate of growth and vice versa, has been verified experimentally in the case of of usvrho 72. The model has been generalised, so that it can be used for any microbial population subject to constant and high rates of any type of mutation providing that the mutant is stable, and either unable to grow or able to grow at this own rate different from that of the parental strain.
Mol Gen Genet 1978 Aug 17
PMID:Basis for slow growth on the non-fermentable substrates by a Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutant UV-sensitive for rho- production. 36 46

A mutant has been isolated which carries a nuclear mutation capable of suppressing certain aspects of the phenotype imposed by a specific mitochondrial mutation. The mitochondrial mutation [tso-r] confers cold sensitivity to growth on nonfermentable substrates and resistance to oligomycin. When both the mitochondrial and nuclear mutations are present in the same cell the cell is phenotypically cold resistant but retains a high level of oligomycin resistance. The extent of cold sensitivity suppression is dependent upon other unspecified nuclear genes. The molecular basis for the suppression may involve interactions between cytoplasmic and mitochondrial ATPase.
Mol Gen Genet 1975 Oct 22
PMID:Biogenesis of mitochondria 40. Phenotypic suppression of a mitochondrial mutation by a nuclear gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 110 3

A comparative study of eight independently isolated mitochondrial oligomycin resistant mutants obtained from three laboratories show a variety of phenotypes based on cross resistance to venturicidin and sensitivity to low temperature. Analysis of recombination between pairs of markers indicate the existence of at least three genetic classes; class A, cross resistant to venturicidin and including the mutations OIII, [olil-r], [olgi-R], [tso-r]; class B, mutations OI, [olil7-r], [OLG2-R]; and class C, the mutation O11. The recombination data is consistent with mutations of each class residing in three separate genes, although mutations of class A and B show very close linkage. Recombination in non-polar crosses had demonstrated that markers of all three classes are linked to the mikl locus in the configuration (AB)-mikl-C. The mapping of this segment with respect to other markers of the mitochondrial genome and the order of classes A and B was established by analysis of co-retention frequenceis of markers in primary petite isolates as well as by analysis of marker overlap of genetically and physically defined petite genomes. The unambiguous order eryl-A-B-mik1-C-par was obtained. DNA-DNA hybridization studies using mtDNA isolated from selected petites confirms this map and estimates the physical separation of markers. A resonable correlation exists in this region of th genome between distances estimated physically by hybridization and genetically by frequencey of recombination in non-polar crosses. It is potulated that the oligomycin-mikamycin linkage group represents a cluster of genes involved in determing a number of mitochondrial membrane proteins associated with the mitochondrial ATPase and respiratory complex III.
Mol Gen Genet 1976 Apr 23
PMID:Biogenesis of mitochondria 44. comparative studies and mapping of mitochondrial oligomycin resistance mutations in yeast based on gene recombination and petite deletion analysis. 127 51

The atp operon from the extreme alkaliphile Bacillus firmus OF4 was cloned and sequenced, and shown to contain genes for the eight structural subunits of the ATP synthase, preceded by a ninth gene predicted to encode a 14 kDa hydrophobic protein. The arrangement of genes is identical to that of the atp operons from Escherichia coli, Bacillus megaterium, and thermophilic Bacillus PS3. The deduced amino acid sequences of the subunits of the enzyme are also similar to their homologs in other ATP synthases, except for several unusual substitutions, particularly in the a and c subunits. These substitutions are in domains that have been implicated in the mechanism of proton translocation through F0-ATPase, and therefore could contribute to the gating properties of the alkaliphile ATP synthase or its capacity for proton capture.
Mol Gen Genet 1991 Oct
PMID:Organization and nucleotide sequence of the atp genes encoding the ATP synthase from alkaliphilic Bacillus firmus OF4. 183 20

We have characterized two independently isolated point mutants in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, ac-u-a-1-15 and FUD 17, mapping to the chloroplast ac-u-a locus which corresponds to the atpE gene. Both mutants have a single A:T base pair deletion in a sequence of 6 A:T base pairs at nucleotide positions 102 to 107. This causes a frameshift, altering the coding sequence for the next 8 amino acids and creating a termination codon at amino acid position 44, 98 amino acids from the C-terminus of the protein. Assembly of the ATP synthase is impaired in the mutants; less than 5% of the wild-type level of alpha and beta subunits and no gamma or epsilon subunits are associated with thylakoid membranes of the mutants. The genes encoding the beta and epsilon subunits of the chloroplast ATP synthase from C. reinhardtii are not cotranscribed, in contrast to all other photosynthetic organisms examined to date. Four transcripts, of approximately 1.7, 2.9, 3.3 and 7.0 x 10(3) nucleotides (nt), are found for the atpE gene. S1 nuclease mapping of the 1.7 x 10(3) nt transcript shows that the atpE gene message is preceded by a leader of about 1250 nt. DNA sequence analysis of this region revealed a 159 bp open reading frame corresponding to the 3' half of the rps7 gene, encoding the S7 protein of the small subunit of the chloroplast ribosome. Only the 5' portion of this gene is located in the opposite unique sequence region of the C. reinhardtii chloroplast genome where the rps7 gene was previously mapped by heterologous hybridization.
Mol Gen Genet 1990 Apr
PMID:Cotranscription of the wild-type chloroplast atpE gene encoding the CF1/CF0 epsilon subunit with the 3' half of the rps7 gene in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and characterization of frameshift mutations in atpE. 219 29

The genes encoding the beta subunit of ATP synthase and the large subunit of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase are located on opposite strands of the maize chloroplast genome. Their transcription start sites are separated by a 159 bp sequence that includes the promoters for both genes. The effects of deleting or modifying one of the two promoters on transcription from the adjacent, unaltered promoter were assessed in vitro using maize chloroplast extracts to transcribe cloned maize DNA templates. When the atpB promoter was disrupted by an 8 bp insertion, rbcL transcription was not altered. When the rbcL promoter was disrupted by a 2 bp insertion, atpB transcription decreased, whereas when the rbcL promoter region was deleted, atpB transcription increased. Activity of the atpB promoter was also reduced when the + 2 bp-rbcL promoter template was transcribed in vitro by Escherichia coli RNA polymerase. The changes in atpB transcriptional efficiency were only seen when the atpB and rbcL promoters were closely spaced on the same template molecule. These results established that the atpB and rbcL promoters interact in vitro in a cis and spacing dependent manner. The interaction may have physiological relevance in vivo.
Mol Gen Genet 1989 Jan
PMID:Transcriptional interaction between the promoters of the maize chloroplast genes which encode the beta subunit of ATP synthase and the large subunit of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase. 252 12

We have determined the nucleotide sequence of the Aspergillus nidulans nuclear gene oliC31, which encodes subunit 9 of mitochondrial ATP synthase. The open reading frame contains no introns and specifies a predicted protein of 143 amino acids comprising a pre-sequence of 62 residues and a mature protein of 81 residues. The amino acid homology with the equivalent Neurospora crassa protein is 50% for the pre-sequence and 80% for the mature protein. A comparison with this and other imported mitochondrial proteins has revealed conserved regions which may be important for transport or subsequent processing. Multiple transcription initiation and polyadenylation sites have been identified. The promoter region of the oliC31 gene is characterised by long pyrimidine-rich tracts preceding the transcription initiation sites.
Mol Gen Genet 1986 Nov
PMID:The ATP synthase subunit 9 gene of Aspergillus nidulans: sequence and transcription. 288 Feb 79

An allele (oliC31) of the A. nidulans oliC gene has been cloned using homology with the equivalent gene from N. crassa. OliC31 codes for an oligomycin-resistant, triethyltin-hypersensitive form of subunit 9 of the mitochondrial ATP synthase complex. Direct selection for oligomycin-resistance was possible following transformation of A. nidulans with the oliC31 gene. The phenotypes of transformants cultured in the presence of oligomycin were indicative of the position of integration of the transforming plasmid within the genome. Subsequent recombination events involving the integrated oliC31 gene were also apparent from altered levels of resistance to oligomycin or triethyltin. This gene should prove useful as a marker for transformation of strains lacking auxotrophic lesions and in gene replacement or disruption experiments.
Mol Gen Genet 1986 Feb
PMID:Transformation of Aspergillus nidulans with a cloned, oligomycin-resistant ATP synthase subunit 9 gene. 301 49


1 2 3 4 Next >>