Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.6.3.14 (ATP synthase)
 7,042 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A main shortcoming of using HL-60 cells as a model of granulocyte-macrophage differentiation is that some cells in the differentiating population undergo apoptosis. To address this issue, we have identified which tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins are involved in apoptosis and differentiation, respectively. HL-60 cells were induced specifically to undergo apoptosis with 68 microM etoposide, and to undergo granulocytic differentiation with 1 microM retinoic acid (RA). The corresponding two-dimensional electrophoretic maps of tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins from treated cells were compared. In the 8 h etoposide-treated HL-60 cell population, 83% of the cells were apoptotic. In the 120 h RA-treated cells, 50% of the cells were apoptotic. Eighteen cytosolic and nuclear tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins were found in both the 8 h etoposide- and the 120 h RA-treated cells, but not in the proliferating HL-60 cell population. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry analyses suggested that some of the proteins may be involved in signal transduction pathways (NFkappaB, GTP-binding protein, protein disulfide isomerase, Cyclophilin A), others in cell transcriptional and translational control (hnRNP H, hnRNP L, Hsp60, Hp1, Hcc-1, 26S proteasome beta-subunit, ATP synthase beta-chain), and a third group in cell cytoskeleton organization and receptor cycling (profilin, caveolin-1). An understanding of signal transduction in apoptosis initiation by screening for tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins associated with apoptosis may provide new targets for the treatment of leukemia.
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PMID:Identification of apoptotic tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins after etoposide or retinoic acid treatment. 1504 84

Present study demonstrates interspecies variation in proteome and survival strategy of three Anabaena species i.e., Anabaena L31, Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 and Anabaena doliolum subjected to respective LC50 doses of Cd at 0, 1, 3, 5 and 7day intervals. The proteome coverage with 452 differentially accumulated proteins unveiled species and time specific expression and interaction network of proteins involved in important cellular functions. Statistical analysis of protein abundance across Cd-treated proteomes clustered their co-expression pattern into four groups viz., (i) early (days 1 and 3) accumulated proteins, (ii) proteins up-accumulated for longer duration, (iii) late (days 5 and 7) accumulated proteins, and (iv) mostly down-accumulated proteins. Appreciable growth of Cd treated A L31 over other two species may be ascribed to proteins contained in the first and second groups (belonging to energy and carbohydrate metabolism (TK, G6-PI, PGD, FBA, PPA, ATP synthase)), sulfur metabolism (GR, GST, PGDH, PAPS reductase, GDC-P, and SAM synthetase), fatty acid metabolism (AspD, PspA, SQD-1), phosphorous metabolism (PhoD, PstB and SQD1), molecular chaperones (Gro-EL, FKBP-type peptidylprolyl isomerase), and antioxidative defense enzymes (SOD-A, catalase). Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 harboring proteins largely from the third group qualified as a late accumulator and A. doliolum housing majority of proteins from the fourth group emerged as the most sensitive species. Thus early up-accumulation of transporter and signaling category proteins and drastic reduction of nitrogen assimilation proteins could be taken as a vital indicator of cadmium toxicity in Anabaena spp. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Proteomics in India.
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PMID:Cadmium toxicity in diazotrophic Anabaena spp. adjudged by hasty up-accumulation of transporter and signaling and severe down-accumulation of nitrogen metabolism proteins. 2602 78