Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.6.3.14 (ATP synthase)
 7,042 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A mouse L-cell line, designated 111-OB3, is described which is resistant to two drugs, chloramphenicol and oligomycin. The cells contain two types of mitochondrial DNA molecules, in roughly equal proportions, which differ in that one is cleaved by endonuclease EcoRI at a novel site within the coding sequence for subunit 6 of the mitochondrial ATPase (ATPase-6). Sequence analysis reveals that the cleavage site was created by a single transversion which predicts a replacement of valine in the wild-type ATPase-6 by glutamic acid. The replacement occurs in a hydrophobic amino acid sequence which is highly conserved in mouse, human, and bovine proteins. The position of the replacement is similar to a substitution observed in one class of yeast mutants resistant to oligomycin. Both of the mitochondrial DNA molecules in 111-OB3 also have a single nucleotide change in the gene encoding the large (16S) rRNA. These observations are consistent with the hypothesis that oligomycin resistance in mammalian cells can be cytoplasmically determined and can result from alterations in ATPase-6. The appearance of the mutation before selection in oligomycin suggests a model for the origin of mitochondrial mutations in mammalian cells.
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PMID:Sequence analysis of mitochondrial DNA in a mouse cell line resistant to chloramphenicol and oligomycin. 622 6

To identify regions of the mitochondrial genome that potentially could specify cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) in Phaseolus coccineus (including P. polyanthus), and to define differences amongst P. coccineus lines, mitochondrial (mt)DNA restriction patterns and Southern blots of total DNA from sterile and fertile lines were analysed. By restriction endonuclease mapping we isolated a region which was specific to CMS lines flanking an F1-ATPase alpha-subunit (atpA) gene. DNA sequence analysis of this region showed 99.9% homology to the region previously isolated from P. vulgaris CMS Sprite. A high frequency of plants carrying the CMS-fragment was observed in a wild Phaseolus population, perhaps explaining the occurrence of inter- and intra-specific gene flow observed in the autogamous species P. vulgaris.
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PMID:The cytoplasmic male-sterility (CMS) determinant of common bean is widespread in Phaseolus coccineus L. and Phaseolus vulgaris L. 835 21

Plastid DNA (ptDNA) regions for the large subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubiso) (rbcL) and the beta-subunit of ATP synthase (atpB) genes of the holoparasite Lathraea clandestina L. were sequenced. These regions were obtained by cloning either a Bam HI endonuclease generated fragment from the Lathraea ptDNA or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplified products. The Lathraea ptDNA contains the entire sequence for the rbcL gene which shares 94.5% homology with the Nicotiana tabacum gene, whereas atpB is maintained as a pseudogene. The intergenic region between divergently transcribed rbcL and atpB genes is shorter (758 bp) in L. clandestina plastid genome in comparison with N. tabacum (823 bp), however they have a noticeable similarity, mainly in the rbcL 5'-upstream region. A low level of the rbcL gene transcription was detected whereas no atpB transcripts were found in Latraea. The plasmid rbcL gene of the hemiparasite Melampyrum pratense and the autotroph Digitalis purpurea both from the Scrophulariaceae were cloned by PCR amplification and then sequenced. The L. clandestina rbcL gene is highly homologous to the M. pratense and D. purpurea genes. The data indicate that the evolution of the plastid atpB-rbcL region was different in parasites from the Scrophulariaceae and Orobanchaceae families.
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PMID:Divergent evolution of two plastid genes, rbcL and atpB, in a non-photosynthetic parasitic plant. 855 49

We determined the complete nucleotide sequence of the 41 719 bp mitochondrial genome of the methylotrophic yeast Hansenula polymorpha strain DL-1. It contains genes for three subunits of cytochrome oxidase (cox1, cox2 and cox3), three subunits of ATP synthase (atp6, atp8 and atp9), seven subunits of NADH dehydrogenase (nad1-6 and nad4L), apocytochrome b (cob), four endonuclease/maturase homologs, a ribosomal protein (rps3), large and small rRNAs and a complete set of tRNAs. The structural genes are organized in two major transcriptional units. Phylogenetic, gene content and gene order analyses revealed the close phylogenetic relationship between H. polymorpha and Brettanomyces custersianus, and support the assignment of strain DL-1 to a separate genus rather than including it in the polyphyletic genus Pichia.
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PMID:Complete sequence and analysis of the mitochondrial genome of the methylotrophic yeast Hansenula polymorpha DL-1. 2154 83

The progeny of a fusion experiment involving N. sylvestris protoplasts and X-irradiated protoplasts of the cytoplasmic male sterile 'Line 92' (N. tabacum nucleus and alien, male-sterility inducing, cytoplasm) were analyzed. Three groups of somatic hybrid plants resulted: Type A, Type B-1 and Type B-2. These as well as their androgenic progenies and the progenies resulting from their pollination with N. tabacum or N. sylvestris were followed with respect to several nuclear and cytoplasmic traits. Those controlled by the nuclear genome were plant and flower morphologies; those controlled by genetic information in the cytoplasm were tentoxin sensitivity (affecting the coupling factor of chloroplast ATPase), the large subunit of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase and the restriction endonuclease pattern of plastid DNA. A further cytoplasmic trait investigated (exact site of genetic control not known) was male sterility. The examinations of the somatic-hybrid groups and their respective progenies indicated that: Type A plants have N. sylvestris nuclei and 'Line 92' plastids; Type B-1 plants also have 'Line 92' plastids but their genome is composed of N. sylvestris and N. tabacum nuclei; Type B-2 plants with impaired male fertility had N. sylvestris plastids and N. sylvestris nuclei.
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PMID:Progeny analysis of the interspecific somatic hybrids: Nicotiana tabacum (CMS) + Nicotiana sylvestris with respect to nuclear and chloroplast markers. 2430 92

RNA editing is an essential post-transcriptional process that creates functional mitochondrial mRNAs in Kinetoplastids. Multiprotein editosomes catalyze pre-mRNA cleavage, uridine (U) insertion or deletion, and ligation as specified by guide RNAs. Three functionally and compositionally distinct editosomes differ by the mutually exclusive presence of the KREN1, KREN2 or KREN3 endonuclease and their associated partner proteins. Because endonuclease cleavage is a likely point of regulation for RNA editing, we elucidated endonuclease specificity in vivo. We used a mutant gamma ATP synthase allele (MGA) to circumvent the normal essentiality of the editing endonucleases, and created cell lines in which both alleles of one, two or all three of the endonucleases were deleted. Cells lacking multiple endonucleases had altered editosome sedimentation on glycerol gradients and substantial defects in overall editing. Deep sequencing analysis of RNAs from such cells revealed clear discrimination by editosomes between sites of deletion versus insertion editing and preferential but overlapping specificity for sites of insertion editing. Thus, endonuclease specificities in vivo are distinct but with some functional overlap. The overlapping specificities likely accommodate the more numerous sites of insertion versus deletion editing as editosomes collaborate to accurately edit thousands of distinct editing sites in vivo.
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PMID:In vivo cleavage specificity of Trypanosoma brucei editosome endonucleases. 2833 21