Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.6.3.14 (ATP synthase)
 7,042 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The aim of the present work was to investigate the role of triiodothyronine on liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy in the rat. During the first 3 days of liver regeneration, total protein, total DNA content and total cytochrome c oxidase activity of the residual tissue increased from 30% immediately after partial hepatectomy to 70% of the preoperative values in control rats. In triiodothyronine-treated rats, the increase in total protein was the same (70%), however, the increase in total liver DNA content and total cytochrome c oxidase acitivity was 100 and 135%, respectively during the first 3 days of regeneration. Triiodothyronine administration also increased significantly the activity of mitochondrial ATPase in regenerating liver.
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PMID:Effect of triiodothyronine administration on the recovery of liver oxidative capacity after partial hepatectomy. 983 28

Diabetes-prone BHE/Cdb and Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were studied with respect to mitochondrial (mt) function and mt gene expression. The BHE/Cdb rats carry mutations in the mt ATPase 6 gene that phenotype as decreased OXPHOS efficiency with subsequent development of impaired glucose tolerance. The base substitutions result in amino acid substitutions in the proton channel and this, in turn, affects the efficiency of energy capture in the ATP molecule. Feeding studies showed that BHE/Cdb rats required 10 times more vitamin E and three times more vitamin A in their diets than do normal SD rats. Vitamin A supplementation 'normalized' mt OXPHOS as well as increased the amount of ATPase subunit a protein in the mt compartment. Western blot analysis of retinoic acid receptors in the mitochondrial and nuclear compartments showed that these proteins were present in the mt compartment. The effect of the vitamin A supplementation plus the observation of retinoic acid receptors suggest that vitamin A functions to enhance the transcription of the ATPase 6 gene. Work with primary cultures of hepatocytes showed that not only does retinoic acid increase mitochondrial ATPase 6 gene expression but so too does the steroid hormone intermediate, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). Triiodothyronine also plays a role in this process but not as an independent factor. Rather, this hormone potentiates the effects of retinoic acid and DHEA on ATPase gene expression. These results suggest that mt gene expression requires more than just the mt transcription factor A. More than likely the process requires a number of factors in much the same way as does nuclear gene expression.
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PMID:Role of vitamin A in mitochondrial gene expression. 1173 5