Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.6.3.14 (ATP synthase)
 7,042 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effect of gossypol on boar spermatozoal adenosine triphosphate (ATP) metabolism was investigated. Gossypol has little effect on the activities of the total spermatozoal ATPase, the spermatozoal flagellar ATPase, and the mitochondrial fragment ATPase. The membrane ATPase, being exceedingly low, has not been considered for its susceptibility toward gossypol. Gossypol uncouples spermatozoal oxidative phosphorylation. A biphasic response (stimulation at low concentration and inhibition at high concentration) has been noticed in anaerobic lactate production and hypotonically treated spermatozoal mitochondrial ATPase activity. The ATP content, either under aerobic or anaerobic condition was reduced by gossypol with the reduction threshold of ATP more sensitive in the latter. The reduction of ATP follows two different reaction kinetics in which it is stabilized at moderate gossypol concentrations but progresses along with time at high concentrations. Since the drop in motility is more sensitive than the drop in ATP content and since the flagellar ATPase is not significantly inhibited by gossypol, a motility controlling component that is more sensitive to gossypol antimotility inhibition is proposed.
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PMID:Effect of gossypol on boar spermatozoal adenosine triphosphate metabolism. 621 42

Gossypol occurs naturally in the pigment glands in cotton. It has a role in protecting cotton plants from insect pests such as bollworms, yet it was not toxic to the cotton leafworm larvae Spodoptera littoralis up to 2-5% concentration in artificial diet or at 125 micrograms/ larva by topical application. The compound inhibited protease and lipid peroxidase activities in larvae with in vitro I50 values of 1.5 X 10(-3)M, and 4.4 X 10(-4)M respectively. When gossypol was fed to Spodoptera larvae, it stimulated the microsomal N-demethylase in vitro. This inductive effect was time-dependent similar to that of phenobarbital. Gossypol stimulates ATPase at lower concentrations and inhibited it at higher concentrations. The I50 for mitochondrial ATPase was 1.7 X 10(-4)M, while the corresponding values for DDT and fenvalerate were 1.1 X 10(-4)M and 7.0 X 10(-4)M respectively. Gossypol at 1.5% concentration in the diet reduced the larval weight to 50% of the control within two days, and increased the duration of each larval stage. The number of eggs and their hatchability was seriously decreased in larvae treated for three consecutive generations. Such an effect can be attributed to the ability of gossypol to interfere with protein bio-synthesis.
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PMID:Gossypol as an inducer or inhibitor in Spodoptera littoralis larvae. 645 17

The effect of the association of Gossypol and Lonidamine on the energy metabolism of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells has been investigated. The action of the drug on tumor cells was studied by addition of the drugs to cells harvested from Swiss male mice. The results may be summarized as follows: (1) Low concentrations of Gossypol increase the rate of oxygen consumption by uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation. High concentrations result in an inhibition of oxygen consumption with a mechanism that must be regarded as not directly related to the uncoupling activity. (2) Gossypol, at concentrations at which it exerts an uncoupling activity, stimulates mitochondrial ATPase which in turn increases the aerobic and anaerobic rates of lactate production. The decrease of glycolysis at high concentrations of Gossypol does not depend on the inhibition of enzymes of the glycolytic pathway, but must be ascribed to cell death. (3) The association of a low concentration of Gossypol with Lonidamine brings about a further inhibition of oxygen consumption. Moreover, Lonidamine abolishes the stimulation of glycolysis induced by Gossypol and lowers lactate production to values that are quite similar to those found with Lonidamine alone. (4) It may be concluded that the association of Gossypol and Lonidamine results in a very effective decrease of the energy requirements of cancer cells.
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PMID:The effect of the association of Gossypol and Lonidamine on the energy metabolism of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells. 685 6