Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Pivot Concepts:
Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Target Concepts:
Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Query: EC:3.6.3.14 (
ATP synthase
)
7,042
document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)
Elevated CO
2
along with drought is a serious global threat to crop productivity. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms plants use to protect these stresses is the key for plant growth and development. In this study, we mimicked natural stress conditions under a controlled Soil-Plant-Atmosphere-Research (SPAR) system and provided the evidence for how miRNAs regulate target genes under elevated CO
2
and drought conditions. Significant physiological and biomass data supported the effective utilization of source-sink (leaf to root) under elevated CO
2
. Additionally, elevated CO
2
partially rescued the effect of drought on total biomass. We identified both known and novel miRNAs differentially expressed during drought, CO
2
, and combined stress, along with putative targets. A total of 32 conserved miRNAs belonged to 23 miRNA families, and 25 novel miRNAs were identified by deep sequencing. Using the existing sweet potato genome database and stringent analyses, a total of 42 and 22 potential target genes were predicted for the conserved and novel miRNAs, respectively. These target genes are involved in drought response, hormone signaling, photosynthesis, carbon fixation, sucrose and starch metabolism, etc. Gene ontology and KEGG ontology functional enrichment revealed that these miRNAs might target transcription factors (MYB, TCP, NAC), hormone signaling regulators (ARF,
AP2
/ERF), cold and drought factors (corA), carbon metabolism (
ATP synthase
, fructose-1,6-bisphosphate), and photosynthesis (photosystem I and II complex units). Our study is the first report identifying targets of miRNAs under elevated CO
2
levels and could support the molecular mechanisms under elevated CO
2
in sweet potato and other crops in the future.
...
PMID:Elevated carbon dioxide and drought modulate physiology and storage-root development in sweet potato by regulating microRNAs. 3024 3
Leaf premature senescence largely determines maize (
Zea mays
L.) grain yield and quality. A natural recessive premature-senescence mutant was selected from the breeding population, and near-isogenic lines were constructed using Jing24 as the recurrent parent. In the near-isogenic lines, the dominant homozygous material was wild-type (WT), and the recessive material of early leaf senescence was the premature-senescence-type
ZmELS5
. To identify major genes and regulatory mechanisms involved in leaf senescence, a transcriptome analysis of the
ZmELS5
and WT near-isogenic lines (NILs) was performed. A total of 8,796 differentially expressed transcripts were identified between
ZmELS5
and WT, including 3,811 up-regulated and 4,985 down-regulated transcripts. By combining gene ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, gene set, and transcription factor enrichment analyses, key differentially expressed genes were screened. The senescence regulatory network was predicted based on these key differentially expressed genes, which indicated that the senescence process is mainly regulated by bHLH, WRKY, and
AP2
/EREBP family transcription factors, leading to the accumulations of jasmonic acid and ethylene. This causes stress responses and reductions in the chlorophyll a/b-binding protein activity level. Then, decreased
ATP synthase
activity leads to increased photosystem II photodamage, ultimately leading to leaf senescence.
...
PMID:Dissecting the Regulatory Network of Leaf Premature Senescence in Maize (
Zea mays
L.) Using Transcriptome Analysis of
ZmELS5
Mutant. 3175 25
