Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Pivot Concepts:
Gene/Protein
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Target Concepts:
Gene/Protein
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Query: EC:3.6.3.1 (
Mg2+-ATPase
)
1,484
document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)
Guanidinoacetate methyltransferase deficiency (GAMT-deficiency) is an inherited neurometabolic disorder clinically characterized by epilepsy and
mental retardation
and biochemically by accumulation of guanidinoacetate (GAA) and depletion of creatine. Although the neurological symptoms are predominant, the pathogenesis of the brain dysfunction in this disorder is not yet established. In the present study we investigated the in vitro effect of GAA on Na+, K+-ATPase and
Mg2+-ATPase
activities in synaptic plasma membrane from hippocampus of young rats. Results showed that GAA significantly inhibited Na+, K+-ATPase activity without affecting
Mg2+-ATPase
activity. We also evaluated the effect of glutathione (GSH), trolox, Nomega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) and taurine (Tau) on the inhibition elicited by GAA on Na+, K+-ATPase activity. GSH, trolox, L-NAME and Tau per se did not alter Na+, K+-ATPase activity. However, L-NAME and taurine prevented the inhibitory effect of GAA on this enzyme activity. Our findings suggest that the inhibition of Na+, K+-ATPase activity caused by GAA is possibly mediated by nitric oxide (NO) formation and/or synaptic membrane alteration. The present data may contribute to the understanding of the neurological dysfunction characteristic of GAMT-deficient patients.
...
PMID:Evaluation of the mechanism underlying the inhibitory effect of guanidinoacetate on brain Na+, K+-ATPase activity. 1524 54
The P-type ATPase protein family includes, in addition to ion pumps such as Ca
2+
-ATPase and Na
+
,K
+
-ATPase, also phospholipid flippases that transfer phospholipids between membrane leaflets. P-type ATPase ion pumps translocate their substrates occluded between helices in the center of the transmembrane part of the protein. The large size of the lipid substrate has stimulated speculation that flippases use a different transport mechanism. Information on the functional importance of the most centrally located helices M5 and M6 in the transmembrane domain of flippases has, however, been sparse. Using mutagenesis, we examined the entire M5-M6 region of the mammalian
flippase
ATP8A2 to elucidate its possible function in the lipid transport mechanism. This mutational screen yielded an informative map assigning important roles in the interaction with the lipid substrate to only a few M5-M6 residues. The M6 asparagine Asn-905 stood out as being essential for the lipid substrate-induced dephosphorylation. The mutants N905A/D/E/H/L/Q/R all displayed very low activities and a dramatic insensitivity to the lipid substrate. Strikingly, Asn-905 aligns with key ion-binding residues of P-type ATPase ion pumps, and N905D was recently identified as one of the mutations causing the neurological disorder cerebellar ataxia,
mental retardation
, and disequilibrium (CAMRQ) syndrome. Moreover, the effects of substitutions to the adjacent residue Val-906 (
i.e.
V906A/E/F/L/Q/S) suggest that the lipid substrate approaches Val-906 during the translocation. These results favor a
flippase
mechanism with strong resemblance to the ion pumps, despite a location of the translocation pathway in the periphery of the transmembrane part of the
flippase
protein.
...
PMID:Asparagine 905 of the mammalian phospholipid flippase ATP8A2 is essential for lipid substrate-induced activation of ATP8A2 dephosphorylation. 3076 May 26
