Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

---

Query: EC:3.6.1.3 (ATPase)
65,361 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fiber types distribution in the digastric muscle of tufted capuchin monkey was studied by means of NADH-TR, myosin-ATPase, after alkaline and acid preincubations and SDH histochemical reactions. Three different types of fibers were found presenting an equal distribution. The percentage and types of fibers were as follow: 18.2% SO (Slow Oxidative), 38.4% FOG (Fast Oxidative Glycolytic) and 43.4% FG (Fast Glycolytic). FG fibers revealed the largest area. The relatively high concentration of fast twitch (81.2%) seems to indicate this muscle is involved with the acceleration and fast speed of jaw movements. Aerobic metabolism represented by SO + FOG fibers (56.6%) suggests that this muscle possesses an additional role than that related to the lowering of the jaw.
...
PMID:Fiber types distribution in the digastric muscle of tufted capuchin monkey (Cebus apella). 786 96

As revealed by the NADH-diaphorase and myosine ATPase, the M. extensor carpi radialis longus of the rat possesses at least 3 main kinds of fibres, with different distribution on the superficial and deep portions of the muscle. The superficial portion revealed that 67.68% are FG (fast-twitch-glycolytic) fibres, 14.72% are FOG (fast-twitch-oxidative) fibres and 17.60% are SO (slow-twitch-glycolytic) fibres. Already the deep portion revealed that 71.29% are SO (slow-twitch-glycolytic) fibres, 17.46% are FOG (fast-twitch-oxidative-glycolytic) fibres and 11.25% are FG (fast-twitch-glycolytic) fibres. The miosine ATPase reaction was used to demonstrate contracting characteristics. These findings suggest that the movements of fast contraction of the M. extensor carpi radialis longus are predominant.
...
PMID:Distribution of different fibre types of M. extensor carpi radialis longus of the rat. 788 87

A histochemical analysis was performed on the activity of myofibrillar ATPase following preincubation at pH 10.3 with NADH-diaphorase in the cat tail muscles (ECM; extensor caudae medialis, ECL; extensor caudae lateralis, ACE; abductor caudae externus, ACI; abductor caudae internus, FCL; flexor caudae longus, and FCB; flexor caudae brevis). Muscles contained three types of muscle fibers: FG (fast-twitch glycolytic) showed high reaction of myofibrillar ATPase staining and low reaction in NADH-diaphorase staining; FOG (fast-twitch oxidative glycolytic) showed high reaction in myofibrillar ATPase staining and high reaction in NADH-diaphorase staining; and SO (slow-twitch oxidative) showed low reaction in myofibrillar ATPase staining and high reaction in NADH-diaphorase staining. All 6 tail muscles were composed of these three types of fibers, but proportions differed in each tail muscle. Proportions of SO and FG fibers were highest in ECL (SO: 38.6 +/- 2.3, S.D. %) and ACI (FG: 59.2 +/- 5.0%), respectively. The diameters of the fibers were also measured (SO; 50.47 +/- 3.12, FOG; 58.18 +/- 2.78, FG; 70.91 +/- 3.40, S.D. microns).
...
PMID:Histochemical fiber composition of cat's tail muscles. 814 97

The age-dependent change of metabolic profiles of SO (slow-oxidative), FOG (fast-oxidative glycolytic) and FG (fast-glycolytic) fibres of muscles digitorum longus and musculus gastrocnemius of rat from 14 days to 370 days was measured cytophotometrically. Fibres were classified visually and using cytophotometrical data from staining reactions for myofibrillar adenosinetriphosphatase (ATPase), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (alpha-GPDH) in the same fibre. The fibre type population as percentage was estimated at different ages. The age-dependent change of enzyme activities was demonstrated in each fibre type. SDH-heterogeneity of FOG-fibres and consequently an overlap with SO-fibres was detected. The alpha-GPDH/SDH-activity quotient allowed to distinguish SO-, FOG- and FG-fibres, and the age-dependent change of activity quotient characterized the change of metabolic properties in the concerned fibre types. Whereas in gastrocnemius muscle the metabolic profile of FOG-fibres was similar to that of SO-fibres, in extensor digitorum longus muscle the metabolism of FOG-fibres was similar to that of FG-fibres. Between the two muscles differences were also shown for the fibre type responsible for changes of enzyme activities in the whole muscle, measured biochemically.
...
PMID:Age-dependent changes of enzyme activities in the different fibre types of rat extensor digitorum longus and gastrocnemius muscles. 827 41

The fiber type composition of 12 skeletal muscles in pigeon and chicken were studied by staining for myofibrillar adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase: pH 10.3) and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH). The muscles contained three types of muscle fibers: FG (fast-twitch glycolytic), FOG (fast-twitch oxidative glycolytic), and SO (slow-twitch oxidative). The numbers and diameters of the different types of fibers were examined. The muscles of chickens and pigeons consisted mainly of FG and FG + FOG fibers, respectively. In m. pectorals superficialis (PS) and m. latissimus dorsi (LD), which produce flapping movements in pigeons, some clusters of FG fibers were observed among FOG fibers and the diameter of FG fibers was more than twice as large as that of FOG fibers.
...
PMID:Histochemical analysis of fiber composition of skeletal muscles in pigeons and chickens. 993 35

Samples of semitendinosus muscle from 28 male cattle (18 Salers and 10 Limousins) were taken at 10 months (biopsy) and at 16 months of age (at slaughter). The animals had received the same diet and were slaughtered after the same duration of fattening. The activities of isocitrate dehydrogenase and lactate dehydrogenase were measured in the muscle samples. The five lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes were separated by electrophoresis under non-denaturing conditions and assayed by densitometry. Fibres were identified by histochemistry by myofibrillar ATPase and succinate dehydrogenase activities as SO (slow oxidative), FOG (fast oxidative glycolytic) or FG (fast glycolytic), and by immunohistochemistry by their reaction to monoclonal antibodies specific to slow and fast myosin heavy chain reactions in I, IIC, IIA, IIAB and IIB type fibres. The isocitrate dehydrogenase activity was not modified between 10 and 16 months of age; the lactate dehydrogenase activity decreased and was correlated with an increase in the proportion of the H isozyme to the detriment of the proportion of the M form. This period was characterized by an increase in fibre size, increased expression of MHC IIa, resulting in more IIA fibres, less IIB fibres, and an increase in the percentage of type IIAB fibres, however the proportions of SO, FOG and FG, when analysed statistically, were not modified between 10 and 16 months of age.
...
PMID:Changes in the metabolic and contractile characteristics of muscle in male cattle between 10 and 16 months of age. 1041 83

The present study was conducted on vocal muscles removed at autopsy from adult individuals (10 men and 8 women, ages ranging from 48 to 78 years) with no laryngeal disease. Histologic analysis was performed with hematoxylin and eosin staining, and histochemical analysis was performed by nicotinamide-adenine-dinucleotide tetrazolium reductase, succinate dehydrogenase, and acid and alkaline myofibrillar adenosine triphosphatase reactions. The histochemical reactions showed that the muscle consists of slow-twitch oxidative (SO), fast-twitch glycolytic (FG), and fast-twitch glycolytic oxidative (FOG) fibers distributed in mosaic form. The frequencies of SO, FOG, and FG fibers were 40.50%, 54.75%, and 4.75%, respectively. The higher frequency of SO and FOG oxidative fibers characterizes the muscle as having aerobic metabolism, resistance to fatigue, and fast contraction. The mean minimum diameters were 31.37 microm for SO fibers and 36.46 microm for FOG and FG fibers.
...
PMID:Morphometric and histochemical study of the human vocal muscle. 1065 16

Proximal (vastus lateralis) and distal (gastrocnemius) muscles of 100-day-old normal and myopathic BIO TO-2 hamsters were analysed to study the effects of myopathy on the different muscle fibre types: SO (slow oxidative), FOG (fast oxidative glycolytic) and FG (fast glycolytic). Cytophotometric measurements of enzyme activities (myofibrillic adenosine triphosphatase, succinate dehydrogenase and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase), Western blot analysis of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) I, II, III isoforms and NOS II immunohistochemistry were performed. The following alterations were found in myopathic muscle fibres: all fibre types of both proximal and distal myopathic muscles showed decreased myofibrillic adenosine triphosphatase activity indicating depressed contractility. This was associated with depressed oxidative activity of the muscle fibres. A shift to more glycolytic metabolism was observed, mainly in FG fibres of proximal muscle. We found an increased NOS II expression in both myopathic muscle types investigated. It means that increased NO production inhibits force generation in myopathic muscle. NOS II immunoreactivity was found mainly in the cytoplasm of FG fibres. NOS I and NOS III expression was not significantly effected by this form of myopathy. Our findings demonstrate that muscle fibres of proximal and distal skeletal muscles of 100-day-old cardiomyopathic BIO TO-2 hamsters are altered with respect to contractility, metabolism and NOS II expression. FG fibres of the proximal muscle were effected most strongly.
...
PMID:Myopathy-dependent changes in activity of ATPase, SDH and GPDH and NOS expression in the different fibre types of hamster muscles. 1199 46

Changes in the histochemical profile of 43 rat extensor digitorum longus muscles undergoing de-innervation and re-innervation were recorded. Assessment of fibre type composition and muscle fibre cross-sectional area was performed at 15, 30, 90 and 180 days post operative (p.o.) after either primary end-to-end repair or autologous graft repair of the common peroneal nerve (n = 5 per time point and type of repair). The size and histochemical profile of single muscle fibres were analysed by computer-assisted quantification on the basis of their myofibrillar ATPase (pH 4.3) and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activities in serial, whole-muscle cross-sections. Accordingly, four muscle-fibre types could be functionally identified: (1) slow oxidative (SO, type I); (2) fast-oxidative glycolytic (FOG, type IIA); (3) fast glycolytic (FG, type IIB); and (4) succinate dehydrogenase intermediate (SDH-INT). At 15 days following end-to-end repair, the SDH-INT muscle fibre type was observed. By contrast, 15 days following graft repair, no changes in fibre type composition were observed (vs. control). At 30 days p.o. in the group that received end-to-end repair, type SDH-INT reached its maximum and was significantly higher than in the group that underwent graft repair. At 90 days p.o., the amount of SDH-INT fibres declined after end-to-end repair, but it was still significantly higher than in the group treated with a nerve graft. The increase of the SDH-INT fibre type was mirrored by a proportional disappearance of FG and FOG fibres. These changes were time-dependent, not reversible at 180 days p.o and largely blunted after nerve graft. Muscle-fibre size decreased at 15 and 30 days after both types of nerve repair. This decrease was transient and reversible within 90 days p.o. These findings reflect the fact that the reorganization of the histochemical profile in re-innervated muscles is both time dependent and long lasting. The degree of this reorganization is significantly higher after end-to-end repair than after graft repair.
...
PMID:Histochemical alterations of re-innervated rat extensor digitorum longus muscle after end-to-end or graft repair: a comparative histomorphological study. 1289 4

The purpose of the present study was to determine at which point in the period from embryonic day 21 up to postnatal day (PD) 75, the different fibre types and subtypes are detectable in rat extensor digitorum longus, soleus and gastrocnemius muscles using immunohistochemical, enzyme histochemical and cytophotometrical methods. Moreover, fibre type-specific changes in metabolic profile and changes in fibre type population during postnatal development were analysed. Before birth, no clear differentiation of fibre types was found. At PD 1, slow and fast fibres were typed by antibodies against neonatal, slow and fast myosin heavy chains (MHCs). At PD 8, the different ATPase activities of slow and fast MHCs after alkaline preincubation were detected histochemically. At PD 21, differences in acid stability of ATPase activity of fast MHC isoforms revealed the fast subtypes IIA and IIB (including IIX). At this age, also differences in metabolic properties (oxidative and glycolytic enzyme activities) of fibres were detected for the first time by cytophotometry classifying the fibres into SO, FOG I, FOG II and FG. Before the age of 21 days, the fast fibres were metabolically undifferentiated. During further development and ageing, the population of FG fibres with high glycolytic activity increased at the expense of FOG fibres suggesting FOG to FG transformation. Cytophotometrical measurements revealed that the muscle fibres developed their highest contractile, oxidative and glycolytic activity at PD 21, the time of weaning. In this way, muscle fibres may be prepared for the higher demands for posture and mobility after leaving the nest.
...
PMID:Differentiation of rat skeletal muscle fibres during development and ageing. 1514 36


<< Previous 1 2 3 Next >>

---