Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.6.1.3 (ATPase)
 65,361 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The localization of (Na+-K+) ATPase in the intact electrocyte of the electric organ of Electrophorus electricus (L.) and its subcellular fractions was investigated by biochemical and cytochemical methods. The distribution of AChE activity in the subcellular fractions was also comparatively analysed with this enzyme serving as a marker of the innervated membranes of the electrocyte. After application of cytochemical method of Farquhar and Palade to glutaraldehyde-fixed tissue, reaction was observed only at the membranes of vesicles localized at the periphery of the electrocyte. Previously fixed electrocytes, incubated in Ernst's medium showed reaction only at the vesicles whereas in unfixed tissue reaction also appeared at other membranes (surface and invaginations) of the anterior and posterior faces. This reaction was significantly inhibited in the presence of ouabain or in the absence of K+. Inhibition of Na+-K+-ATPase by glutaraldehyde fixation was also confirmed by biochemical analysis.
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PMID:Biochemical and cytochemical localization of ATPases on the membranes of the electrocyte of Electrophorus electricus. 14 20

A histoenzymic study of cerebral phosphatases and esterases was performed on rats subjected to experimental intoxication with mercury phenylacetate. Following intragastric application of mercury phenylacetate to experimental animals, decreased activities of cerebral ATPase, acP and AChE were observed. The intoxicated animals displayed enhanced cerebral TPPase and partially also NsChE activities. Apart from changes in the histoenzymic pattern of the experimental brains, the ingestion of mercury phenylacetate brought about evident morphological changes in form of neuronal vacuolisation and spongious degeneration of the white matter. The extent of morphological as well as histoenzymic alterations was dependent on the duration of the experimental poisoning.
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PMID:Cerebral changes in the course of intoxication with mercury phenylacetate. 15 13

This is a review of the achievements of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and ultrastructural x-ray microanalysis in Dermatology. Eight years after its introduction, the scanning electron microscope opened new possibilities for qualitative and semi-quantitative ultrastructural analysis of human skin, nails and hairs and provided new valuable information in clinical dermatology and dermatopathology. Considerable work has been done on the spatial architecture of normal skin, hair, hyperkeratotic conditions, psoriasis, hair abnormalities, fungus infections, dermal collagen in normal and diseased skin, and the surfaces of cutaneous vascular endothelia. Recently, x-ray microanalysis has been applied for the first time in dermatological research. Subcellular particles, the products of cytochemical reactions and tracer substances, such as heavy metals, can now be analyzed by SEM and STEM techniques. Keratohyaline granules do show a sulfur peak by means of this technique and lipoid droplets fail to demonstrate the peaks of sulfur and chloride. X-ray-microanalysis of ATPase and AChE-reactions in human skin facilitates the indentification and the localization of the reaction product in tissue, whereas the penetration of mercury compounds can be followed more precisely by this technique.
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PMID:[Results and progress of scanning- and analytical electron microscopy in dermatology]. 78 Mar 20

A study was made of the activity of the marker enzymes of plasma membranes Na+,K(+)-ATPase and AChE comparatively to the changes in red blood cell suspension viscosity. Interferometry and capillary viscosimetry were employed to examine red cell membranes of 100 patients suffering from multiple sclerosis. In the interval of physiological temperatures, the two temperatures areas -35 degrees and 40 degrees C characterized by specific behavior of the enzymes and viscosity changes were discovered. These temperature areas are viewed from the standpoints of temperature-induced structural transformations. Each of them has a definite clinical importance for the estimation of the activity of the underlying process. The fact of the existence of the complexly organized system of abnormal structural transformations attests to gross imbalance of red cell membranes. This phenomenon may also be observed as regards other membranes including the membrane of the oligodendrocyte. In addition to the evidence for the membrano-patho-chemical component in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis, the temperature-induced structural transformations play the role of diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis.
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PMID:[Functional activity of cell membranes in multiple sclerosis]. 166 41

In this paper results of acute toxicity (oral and dermal), cumulative toxicity, subchronic toxicity, and conjunctiva irritation tests are reported. The mutagenic effects of fenthion, using SCE (in vivo) and UDS (in vitro) as indicators, were also tested. Histochemical changes in enzyme activities (including AChE, ATPase, and AKP) in tissues were observed. The results showed that the acute toxicity of fenthion belongs to highly toxic category. The highly cumulative effect of fenthion was also observed. The subchronic toxicity test, however, did not reveal any abnormal effects except the inhibition of ChE activity in plasma. The dose and ChE activity relationship equation was Y = 0.82x + 4.71. The SCE and UDS tests revealed no mutagenic potential. In histochemical experiments we found that AChE activity in tissues was markedly inhibited. AKP and ATPase activities at the cortex renis were increased in the treated rats.
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PMID:A study of the pesticide fenthion: toxicity, mutagenicity, and influence on tissue enzymes. 214 49

Studies were performed on adult rats of Wistar strain given four 7-days-spaced intraperitoneal doses of BCNU with single dose resembling to used in clinical practice. The animals were sacrificed at the seventh day after the last dose of the drug. Morphological alterations were evaluated in H + E or cresyl violet stained sections. In frozen microtome sections histoenzymatic reactions were performed to detect enzymatic activity of some phosphatases and esterases. Karyo- and cytophotometric measurements of pyramidal cell nuclei in frontal and parietal cortex and of motor neurons in trigeminal nerve nucleus were performed in sections subjected to Feulgen reaction, using automatic microscopic image analyzer "Morphoquant" (VEB Carl Zeiss, Jena). The performed studies showed that administration of multiple therapeutic doses of BCNU lead to primary injury of vascular wall as oedema and proliferation of endothelium and small perivascular haemorrhages. The cytostatic drug induced a decrease in NsE and AlkP enzymatic activities, increased activity of AChE, ChE, AcP and ATPase and topographically variable changes in intensity of TPPase enzymatic reaction. Several karyo- and cytophotometric alterations were observed also in neurocyte cell nuclei which became elongated and acquired a more round shape. This was associated with a decrease in relative DNA content, loosening of nuclear chromatin structure and with shifting chromatin lumps toward periphery of cell nuclei.
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PMID:The morphology and histochemistry of adult rats neurocytes after BCNU administration. 300 74

Studies were performed on mature Wistar strain rats, subjected to 43 degrees C environmental temperature for 4 h at a relative air humidity of 60-70%. Spinal cords of rats sacrificed 1, 24, 48, 72 h and one week after hyperthermia served as a material for the studies. Routinely stained preparations (H+E, Nissl) and enzymatic activity of some phosphatases and esterases was estimated as well in sections subjected to Feulgen reaction karyo- and cytophotometric measurements were performed on cell nuclei of anterior horns neurocytes, anterior columns oligodendrocytes and on anterior funicle astrocytes of the spinal cord lumbar segment. The hyperthermia resulted in rat spinal cords in several morphological and histochemical alterations. Signs of diffuse spinal cord lesion of vascular origin were present with degenerative alterations of neurocytes, oligodendroglia proliferation and astroglia hyperplasia. In histoenzymatic studies changes in enzymatic activity of NsE, AChE, ChE, AcP, ATPase and TPPase were noted. They were dependent upon the time which elapsed after hyperthermia. Karyo- and cytophotometric measurements demonstrated cell nuclei oedema in neurocytes, oligodendrocytes and astrocytes associated with a decrease in the relative DNA level and changes in density and concentration of nuclear chromatin. The observed morphological, histoenzymatic and cytophotometric changes were of a reversible type and majority of them vanished within a week after hyperthermia.
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PMID:Effect of hyperthermia on morphology and histochemistry of spinal cord in the rat. 301 3

Membrane-bound (Na+ + K+)-ATPase activity from the non-innervated and innervated faces of Electrophorus electricus (L.) electric organ, obtained by differential centrifugation, was measured using AChE as an enzyme marker for membranes derived from the post-synaptic area (fraction P3) of the electrocyte. The effect of Li+ and Ba2+ on (Na+ + K+)-ATPase activity of the two membrane fractions (P2 and P3) was analysed with respect to K+ and Mg2+ ions, after the I50 estimation. The kinetics of the reactions with these cations were investigated showing that Li+ inhibits P2 uncompetitively and for P3 presented a mixed type inhibition. Ba2+ behaved as an hyperbolic mixed type inhibitor for P2 and a linear mixed type inhibitor for P3 fraction.
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PMID:Effect of Li+ and Ba2+ on the electrocyte membrane-bound (Na+ + K+)-ATPase. 303 3

An experimental study on the effect of feeding large doses of ZnO on the morphological and histoenzymatic pattern of the brain was conducted. 12 Wistar rats were given daily 100 mg of ZnO via a gastric tube. The poison was fed over a period of 10 days. The experimental rats developed minor morphological changes mainly in the hippocampal cortex and in the basal ganglia. A generalisation decrease of acP, ATPase, AChE and BuTJ activities along with an appreciable increase of TPPase and NsE activity was found in the brains of the intoxicated animals. An attempt was made to elucidate the pathogenesis of some of the findings.
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PMID:Morphological and histochemical changes occurring in the brain of rats fed large doses of zinc oxide. 611 Jun 19

The effect of Ceresan (Methoxyethylmercury chloride) on the histoenzymatic pattern of the thalamus was studied. The experimental animals were treated intragastrically with 100 mg of Ceresan for 6 consecutive days, and the activity of various hydrolases of the thalamus was investigated histochemically. Ingestion of large doses of Ceresan caused widespread alterations in activity of the thalamic hydrolases. A generalized increase of activity was found with respect to TPPase, acP and NsE, while AChE, BuTJ and ATPase activities appeared distinctly reduced. The thalamic neuroglia of experimental rats demonstrated enzymic activities which could not be detected in control animals, and these were: AChE, NsE, acP and TPPase -- in astrocytes, and ATPase -- in oligodendroglia. The changes in the histoenzymatic pattern of the thalamus caused by Ceresan ingestion were topographically highly differentiated. The anterior and lateral nuclei of the thalamus seem to be more sensitive towards Ceresan intoxication than the posterior ones.
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PMID:The effect of intoxication by ceresan on the activity of phosphatases and esterases in the rat thalamus. 611 Jun 20


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