Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:3.6.1.3 (ATPase)
65,361 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The activities of Na+,K(+)-ATPase in plasma membrane, of cytosolic enzymes and of glutamate dehydrogenase (GlGD) in mitochondria were measured in leukocytes (WBC) from dogs and cats to clarify the differences in energy metabolism in these cells. Feline WBC had significantly higher activities of hexokinase (HK), pyruvate kinase (PK) and LDH with pyruvate as substrate than did canine WBC. Canine WBC had significantly higher activities of glucokinase (GK) and GlDH than did feline WBC. Feline WBC had unique characteristics of energy metabolism in that the activities of the cytosolic enzymes under anaerobic conditions were significantly higher than those in canine WBC. It therefore appears that there are distinct differences in glucose-metabolism in WBC between dogs and cats. WBC enzyme activities are considered to reflect the metabolic state in the whole body of the animal. It is therefore suggested that changes in the activities of certain glycolytic enzymes in WBC may be useful as a diagnostic indicator in some types of metabolic disease in dogs and cats.
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PMID:A comparison of the activities of certain enzymes related to energy metabolism in leukocytes in dogs and cats. 961 90

Thiram was administered to male rats through gavage at doses 5, 10 and 25 mg/kg/day for 180 and 360 days. Thiram has caused marginal increase in the relative weight of testes and epididymis and decrease in the weight of seminal vesicle and prostate. Marked degenerative changes were observed in seminiferous tubules together with alterations in testicular enzyme profile. The activity of testicular enzymes such as ACP, SDH and ATPase (Na+ + K+ dependent) was decreased whereas activity of LDH, G-6-PDH and ALP increased. The levels of serum cholesterol and testicular free sialic acid were enhanced, while the level of testicular protein was lowered. It is evident from the present study that long term treatment of thiram at tested dose levels has resulted in dose and time dependent morphological and biochemical changes in testes of rat.
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PMID:Testicular toxicity in rat to repeated oral administration of tetramethylthiuram disulfide (Thiram). 971 50

Our original attempt was to examine whether inhibition of Na/H exchange in proximal tubule would affect the expression of basolateral membrane protein Na,K-ATPase. Three amiloride analogues were tested within the range of 10(-6) M to 10(-4) M in primary cultures of proximal tubule cells. Only ethylisopropyl amiloride (EIPA) dose-dependently downregulated Na,K-ATPase activity in cultured proximal tubule cells. The time course study revealed that EIPA (10(-4) M) significantly decreased Na,K-ATPase alpha- and alpha-mRNA abundance within 4 hr and suppressed Na,K-ATPase alpha- and beta-mRNA levels by 76.3 +/- 4.5% and 85.5 +/- 5.8%, respectively, within 24 hr. The decrease in Na,K-ATPase mRNA was followed by a decrease in Na,K-ATPase activity by 22.5 +/- 10.8% and 48.8 +/- 5.9% within 12 and 24 hr, respectively, which could be reflected by a coordinate decrease in levels of both alpha- and mature beta-protein. The cell viability was not affected until 20 hr of EIPA treatment, when an increase in LDH release and cell detachment was observed. Because EIPA rapidly decreased intracellular pH (pHi) to 6.7 within 2 hr and raising pHi to 6.6 by metabolic acidosis could not elicit changes in Na,K-ATPase activity, EIPA-induced downregulation of Na,K-ATPase should not be mediated through H+. In view of the time course of EIPA effects on Na,K-ATPase subunit mRNA, protein, activity and cell toxicity, the cytotoxic effect is likely resulted from a decrease in Na,K-ATPase activity. Take together, we conclude that EIPA induces downregulation of Na,K-ATPase expression via both pre- and post-translational mechanisms, which confers cytotoxic effects on proximal tubule cells.
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PMID:Ethyl isopropylamiloride downregulates Na,K-ATPase gene expression which confers cytotoxicity in primary proximal tubule cell cultures. 1009 66

The effect of mild hypothermia on Na(+)-K+ ATPase and lipid peroxidation in canine brain tissue following a 18-minute cardiac arrest and resuscitation for 8 hours were studied. Mild hypothermia improved the restoration of the activity of Na(+)-K+ ATPase, LDH, protect the activity of SOD, decrease the loss of GSH, but not completely blocked the ischemia reperfusion induced lipid peroxidation.
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PMID:[Effects of mild hypothermia on Na(+)-K+ ATPase and lipid peroxidation in canine brain tissue following cardiac arrest and resuscitation]. 1068 82

The natural increase of UV-B radiation levels due to depletion of the ozone layer in the atmosphere may impose additional stress for the survival of zooplanktons which serve as a major constituent of the aquatic food chain. To study the adverse effects of UV-B radiation on the aquatic biomass, studies were conducted using the aquatic organism Tubifex as a model, as UV-B radiation is known to penetrate into the natural waters. UV-B radiation induced mortality in tubifex and the production of activated oxygen species by these organisms. Alterations in DNA, RNA, protein, glutathione (GSH), hydrogen peroxide H(2)O(2), thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBA-RS), ATPase, AChE, GST, and LDH activities in Tubifex at various doses (0-2.0 J) of UV-B radiation were found. LC(50) value for UV-B-induced mortality of Tubifex was 0.80+/-0.15 J and the threshold dose was 0.35+/-0.05 J; mortality began within 3h postirradiation. UV-B dose-dependent production of singlet oxygen, superoxide anion, and hydroxyl radicals by Tubifex was observed. DNA, RNA, protein, and GSH contents were found to decrease significantly (P<0.001) while H(2)O(2) and TBA-RS increased (P<0.01) under the influence of UV-B radiation. The activities of ATpase, AChE, and GST enzymes were inhibited (P<0.01) and LDH activity was significantly increased (P<0.001) in Tubifex exposed to UV-B radiation. The results suggest that an increase in UV-B radiation alters several biochemical processes, leading to the mortality of the organism. Tubifex could be useful as a sensitive alternate model for studying UV-B-induced phototoxicity and possible mechanisms of action.
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PMID:Tubifex: a sensitive model for UV-B-induced phototoxicity. 1229 92

In order to investigate the relationship between the retrograde changes of the skeletal muscle and the time of death in various postmortem intervals (PMI), a systemic study of the enzymehistochemical activity of AChE, SDH, LDH, Ca(2+)-ATPase and the immunohistochemical reaction of SYN in motor end-plates and muscle fibers was conducted in rats under different temperatures and at various PMI. The results were analyzed and compared by an image processing system. It was found that these changes were related to the PMI, especially AChE changes. The AChE could be used as a sign-enzyme of skeletal muscle to date death.
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PMID:[Enzymehistochemical and immunohistological changes of skeletal muscle motor end-plates and muscle fibers and their relation to the time of death]. 1253 43

We examined the mechanistic basis for two whole-animal performance traits, aerobic capacity and burst speed, in six laboratory-reared Trinidadian guppy populations from different native drainages with contrasting levels of predation. Using within- and between-population variation, we tested whether variation in organs and organ systems (heart, gill and swimming motor mass) and the activities of several enzymes that support locomotion (citrate synthetase, lactate dehydrogenase and myofibrillar ATPase) are correlated with aerobic performance (maximum rates of oxygen consumption, (O(2)max)) or burst performance (maximum swim speed during escape responses). We also tested for associations between physiological traits and habitat type (different drainages and predation levels). Organ size and enzyme activities showed substantial size-independent variation, and both performance measures were strongly correlated to body size. After accounting for size effects, neither burst nor aerobic performance was strongly correlated to any organ size or enzymatic variable, or to each other. Two principal components (PCI, PC2) in both males and females accounted for most of the variance in the organ size and enzymatic variables. In both sexes, heart and gill mass tended to covary and were negatively associated with citrate synthetase and lactate dehydrogenase activity. In males (but not females), variation in aerobic performance was weakly but significantly correlated to variation in PC1, suggesting that heart and gill mass scale positively with (O(2)max). Neither of the component variables and no single morphological or enzymatic trait was correlated to burst speed in either sex. Evolutionary changes in important life history traits occur rapidly in guppy populations subjected to different predation intensities (high mortality in downstream sites inhabited by large predatory fish; low mortality in upstream sites lacking large predators). We found significant differences between stream drainages in all morphological variables and most enzymatic variables, but only the mass of the swimming motor and LDH activity were significantly affected by predation regime. Overall, our data show that microevolution has occurred in the physiological foundations of locomotor performance in guppies, but evolutionary changes in physiology do not closely correspond to the predation-induced changes in life history parameters.
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PMID:Morphological and enzymatic correlates of aerobic and burst performance in different populations of Trinidadian guppies Poecilia reticulata. 1296 62

Sublethal in vivo 24 h exposure to (40% and 80% of 24 h LC(50)) active fractions of Punica granatum bark or Canna indica root or in combination with other plant-derived molluscicides significantly inhibited the activity of acetylcholinesterase, acid/alkaline phosphatase, Na(+)K(+)ATPase and lactic dehydrogenase in the nervous tissue of Lymnaea acuminata. The inhibition kinetics of these enzymes indicates that active fractions of both the plants caused a competitive inhibition of AChE, LDH, ALP, ACP and Na(+)K(+)ATPase.
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PMID:Enzyme inhibition by the molluscicidal agent Punica granatum Linn. bark and Canna indica Linn. root. 1530 5

We tested whether that peripheral inflammation induces changes in the spinal dorsal horn ATPase activity. Adult Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized (thiobarbital), the left hind paw (inflammation group; n = 15) was immersed in water at 60 degrees C for 60s, which induced a local inflammation. A control group (n = 12) was tested with water at room temperature. After 60 min of peripheral inflammation left (LDH) or right lumbar dorsal horn (RDH) were processed for total, Na/K, Na and remanent ATPase activities (nM P(i) (mgprotein)(-1) min(-1)). In control animals isoenzymatic activities were: Na (31.2%); Na/K (20.6%) and remanent (48.2%) from total ATPase activity. No LDH-RDH asymmetry was found. The inflammation group presented an ipsilateral increase of total ATPase activity in LDH (X+/-S.E.M.; 4798.9+/-601) over the RDH (3982.2+/-451; Delta+817; P<0.05). This is due to an increase in Na ATPase activity (1609.3+/-297) over RDH (1164.2+/-166; Delta+445; P<0.05). ATPase activities were increased in LDH from inflamed over the control group as follows: total (4798.9+/-601; Delta+840; P<0.05), Na/K (1298.1+/-301; Delta+483; P<0.05) and Na (1609.3+/-297; Delta+373; P<0.05). These increased ATPase activities, induced in a short time, can be considered a functional marker of nociceptive neuronal activity.
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PMID:Normal expression and inflammation-induced changes of Na and Na/K ATPase activity in spinal dorsal horn of the rat. 1564 82

In previous works we reported that the administration of a toxic dose of acetaminophen (APAP) induces acute renal failure (ARF) and promotes changes on Na(+), K(+)ATPase distribution in renal proximal plasma membranes. In the present work, we analyzed if APAP could promote the dissociation of Na(+), K(+)ATPase from its membrane anchorage. The participation of calpain activation was also evaluated. We analyzed the Triton X-100 extractability of Na(+), K(+)ATPase in freshly isolated cortical cell suspensions incubated with different APAP concentrations (0.1, 1, 10 and 100 mM). Both alpha(1) and beta(1) subunits were studied by Western blot. APAP promoted the increment of both subunits abundance in the Triton-soluble fraction. Calpain activation was detected in the membrane fractions of cells incubated with APAP. Incubation with APAP 0.1, 1 and 10 mM did not promote an increment in LDH release compared with controls, while APAP 100 mM promoted an increased LDH release. Our results show that incubation of proximal cells with sublethal and lethal APAP concentrations promotes the detachment of Na(+), K(+)ATPase from its membrane anchoring. Inhibition of calpain activation by SJA 7029 protected against APAP-induced membrane damage but not against APAP-induced increase of the Triton X-100 extractability of Na(+), K(+)ATPase.
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PMID:Effect of acetaminophen on the membrane anchoring of Na+, K+ATPase of rat renal cortical cells. 1594


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