Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.6.1.3 (ATPase)
 65,361 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The distribution of sodium-potassium adenosine triposphatase (Na-K-ATPase) activity in kidney sections has been studied by a method based on the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl phosphate in alkaline medium containing dimethyl sulfoxide. The products at each stage in the reaction sequence have been subjected to electron probe microanalysis. The initial product was identified as a mixture of KMgPO4 and Mg(PO4)2, and sequential analysis demonstrated the linearity of conversion of this product to a visible form. In human, rabbit and rat kidneys the distribution of activity was found to be essentially identical, with highest levels located in thick ascending limbs and distal convoluted tubules. The initial reaction was completely potassium dependent and was inhibited by ouabain in concentrations reflecting the relative sensitivity of microsomal Na-K-ATPase in each species. Measurement of initial product phosphorus by means of the electron probe is presented as a practical technique for direct quantitation of Na-K-ATPase activity in identified tubule segments.
 ...
PMID:Renal sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase. Optical localization and x-ray microanalysis. 12 10

Basal and trypsin-stimulated adenosine triphosphatase activities of Escherichia coli K 12 have been characterized at pH 7.5 in the membrane-bound state and in a soluble form of the enzyme. The saturation curve for Mg2+/ATP = 1/2 was hyperbolic with the membrane-bound enzyme and sigmoidal with the soluble enzyme. Trypsin did not modify the shape of the curves. The kinetic parameters were for the membrane-bound ATPase: apparent Km = 2.5 mM, Vmax (minus trypsin) = 1.6 mumol-min-1-mg protein-1, Vmax (plus trypsin) = 2.44 mumol-min-1-mg protein-1; for the soluble ATPase: [S0.5] = 1.2 mM, Vmax (-trypsin) = 4 mumol-min-1-mg protein-1; Vmax (+ trypsin) = 6.6 mumol-min-1-mg protein-1. Hill plot analysis showed a single slope for the membrane-bound ATPase (n = 0.92) but two slopes were obtained for the soluble enzyme (n = 0.98 and 1.87). It may suggest the existence of an initial positive cooperativity at low substrate concentrations followed by a lack of cooperativity at high ATP concentrations. Excess of free ATP and Mg2+ inhibited the ATPase but excess of Mg/ATP (1/2) did not. Saturation for ATP at constant Mg2+ concentration (4 mM) showed two sites (groups) with different Kms: at low ATP the values were 0.38 and 1.4 mM for the membrane-bound and soluble enzyme; at high ATP concentrations they were 17 and 20 mM, respectively. Mg2+ saturation at constant ATP (8 mM) revealed michealian kinetics for the membrane-bound ATPase and sigmoid one for the protein in soluble state. When the ATPase was assayed in presence of trypsin we obtained higher Km values for Mg2+. These results might suggest that trypsin stimulates E. coli ATPase by acting on some site(s) involved in Mg2+ binding. Adenosine diphosphate and inorganic phosphate (Pi) act as competitive inhibitors of Escherichia coli ATPase. The Ki values for Pi were 1.6 +/- 0.1 mM for the membrane-bound ATPase and 1.3 +/- 0.1 mM for the enzyme in soluble form, the Ki values for ADP being 1.7 mM and 0.75 mM for the membrane-bound and soluble ATPase, respectively. Hill plots of the activity of the soluble enzyme in presence of ADP showed that ADP decreased the interaction coefficient at ATP concentrations below its Km value. Trypsin did not modify the mechanism of inhibition or the inhibition constants. Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (0.4 mM) inhibited the membrane-bound enzyme by 60-70% but concentrations 100 times higher did not affect the residual activity nor the soluble ATPase. This inhibition was independent of trypsin. Sodium azide (20 muM) inhibited both states of E. coli ATPase by 50%. Concentrations 25-fold higher were required for complete inhibition. Ouabain, atebrin and oligomycin did not affect the bacterial ATPase.
 ...
PMID:Membrane bound and soluble adenosine triphosphatase of Escherichia coli K 12. Kinetic properties of the basal and trypsin-stimulated activities. 12 30

Isoproterenol ISO), in a single dose of 7.5 mg/kg body weight, was found to produce alterations of cardiac metabolism in dogs. After 2 hours, high energy phosphate stores and glycogen were reduced, whereas the levels of lactate and pyruvate, the lactate/pyruvate ratio, and myofibrillar ATPase activity were elevated. Ca2+ accumulation by sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and mitochondria were increased (p less than 0.01). After 24 hours, a partial recovery in the parameters studied could be observed. Only myofibrillar ATPase activity and the Ca2+ uptake by SR and mitochondria were lowered. When K+, Mg2+-aspartate (K,Mg-ASP) was administered concurrently with ISO, myofibrillar ATPase and Ca2+ accumulation by SR did not differ from controls 2 hours after ISO application; also, the other parameters exhibited a tendency to improve (p less than 0.01), but did not reach control levels. At 24 hours after ISO application, we could observe a similar effect of K,Mg-ASP in the prevention of Ca2+ overload accompanying metabolic changes.
 ...
PMID:Prevention by K+, Mg2+-aspartate of isoproterenol-induced metabolic changes in the myocardium. 12 83

Dissociation of the (Na+ + K+)-ATPase ouabain complex, formed in the presence of Mg2+ and inorganic phosphate (Complex II), is inhibited by Mg2+ (21-45%) and the alkali cations Na+ (25-59%) and K+ (27-75%) when kidney cortex tissue (bovine, rabbit, guinea pig) is the enzyme source. Choline chloride at 200 mM, equivalent to the highest concentration of NaCl tested, does not inhibit. Dissociation of Complex II from brain cortex (bovine, rat, rabbit) or heart muscle (rabbit) is much less inhibited: 0-11% by Na+ and 11-19% by K+. The degree of inhibition is not directly related to the size of the dissociation rate constant (k-) of the various complexes, but rather to the extent of interaction between the cation and ouabain binding sites for these tissues. Inhibition curves for Na+ and K+ are sigmoidal. Half-maximal inhibition for rabbit brain and kidney cortex is at 30-40 mM Na+ and 6-10 mM K+, and the maximally inhibitory concentrations are 50-150 and 15-20 mM, respectively. Maximal inhibition by Na+ or K+ for these tissues is the same. For guinea pig kidney cortex Na+ and K+ are almost equally effective, but 150 mM K+ or 200 mM Na+ are still not saturating, and inhibition curves indicate high- and low-affinity binding sites for the alkali cations. The inhibition curve for Mg2+ is not sigmoidal. In the kidney preparations Mg2+ inhibits half-maximally at 0.4-0.5 mM, maximally at 1-3 mM. Maximal inhibition by Mg2+ is higher than by Na+ or K+ for rabbit kidney cortex and lower for guinea pig kidney cortex. There is no competition or additivity among the cations, indicating the existence of different binding sites for Mg2+ and the alkali cations. Complex II differs in stability in the extent of inhibition, in the dependence of inhibition on the cation concentration and in the absence of antagonism between Na+ and K+, from the ouabain complex formed via phosphorylation by ATP (Complex I). This indicates that the phosphorylation states for the complexes are clearly different.
 ...
PMID:Studies on (Na+ plus K+)-activated ATPase. XXXVII. Stabilization by cations of the enzyme-ouabain complex formed with Mg1+ and inorganic phosphate. 12 79

The microsomal fraction of the rabbit skeletal muscles contains structures which absorb Ca2+ and where ATPase-aminohydrolase activities are pronounced. Electrophoresis of this fraction in the saccharose density gradient results in separation of a considerable amount of soluble proteins including creatine kinase, as a high ATPase activity and absorbing Ca2+ to an inconsiderable extent. The activity of creatine kinase in the microsomal fraction of the rabbit and rat skeletal muscles is not so high to provide for ATP regeneration from creatine phosphate in the amount sufficient for any considerable transport of Ca2+. In the microsomal fraction of the myocardium, as distinct from the skeletal muscles creatine kinase is strongly bound with its structural components and is not separated by electrophoresis.
 ...
PMID:[Distribution of the action of creatine kinase, AMP-aminohydrolase and ATPase,and absorption of Ca+n microsomal fractions of skeletal muscles]. 12 64

Ouabain-binding and phosphorylation of (Na+ mk+)-ATPase (EC 3.6.1.3) of the plasma membranes from kidney were investigated after treatment with N-ethylmaleimide or oligomycin. Either of these inhibitors brought about the following changes: the phosphoenzyme, formed in the presence of Na+, Mg2+ and ATP became essentially insensitive to splitting by K+ but was split by ADP. One mole of this ADP-sensitive phosphoenzyme bound one mole of ouabain but the enzyme-ouabain complex was less stable than in the native enzyme primarily because the rate of its dissociation increased. Ouabain was bound to the ADP-sensitive phosphoenzyme in the presence of Mg2+ alone and addition of inorganic phosphate enhanced both the rate of formation and the steady-state level of the enzyme-ouabain complex. The inhibitors did not affect the properties of this second type of complex. Both in the native enzyme and in the enzyme treated with the two inhibitors inorganic phosphate enhanced ouabain binding by phosphorylating the active center of the enzyme as shown (a) by mapping the labeled peptides from the enzyme after peptic digestion, (b) by inhibition of this phosphorylation with Na+ and (c) by the 1:1 stoichiometric relation between this phosphorylation and the amount of bound ouabain. Unlike the phosphoenzyme, the binding of ouabain remained sensitive to K+ in the enzyme treated with the inhibitors. K+ slowed ouabain-binding either in the presence of Na+, Mg2+ and ATP or of Mg2+ and inorganic phosphate. A higher concentration of K+ was needed to slow ouabain-binding either in the presence of Na+, Mg2+ and ATP or of Mg2+ and inorganic phosphate. A higher concentration of K+ was needed to slow ouabain-binding than to stimulate dephosphorylation. This finding is interpreted as being an indication of separate sites for K+ on the enzyme: a site(s) with high K+-affinity which stimulates dephosphorylation, another site(s) with moderate K+-affinity which inhibits ouabain-binding. Inhibitors may enhance formation of the ADP-sensitive phosphoenzyme by blocking interaction between K+ and the site(s) with high affinity.
 ...
PMID:Ouabain-binding and phosphorylation of (Na+ + K+) ATPase treated with N-ethylmaleimide or oligomycin. 12 64

An ATPase was purified from mouse myeloma MOPC 70E the activity of which depends on the presence of single-stranded DNA and divalent cations such as Mg2+, Mn2+, Ca2+, Ni2+ or Fe2+. The enzyme splits both ribonucleoside and deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates but preferentially ATP and dATP yielding nucleoside diphosphates and inorganic phosphate. The enzyme has an absolute requirement for single-stranded DNA. Alternating double-stranded polydeoxynucleotides are only slight effective, and native double-stranded DNA, single-stranded and double-stranded RNAs as well as DNA - RNA hybrids are ineffective in stimulating the ATPase. The enzyme has further characterized by sedimentation in a sucrose density gradient (s20, w = 5.5 S) and by isoelectric focussing in an ampholine pH gradient (pI = 6.5).
 ...
PMID:An ATPase depending on the presence of single-stranded DNA from mouse myeloma. 12 26

Mild pulmonic stenosis was performed in dogs to evaluate the effect of systolic pressures overloading on the activity and subunits of myosin in the early hypertrophied right ventricle. Three weeks following pulmonary constriction, six hypertrophied dogs were sacrificed and compared to six sham-operated dogs which served as controls. In the right ventricular free wall of hypertrophied right ventricles (HRV), the heart/body weight was 46% greater than that of normal right ventricles (NRV) (p less than 0.01). Myosin ATPase activity (Vmax values) in mumoles phosphate/mg/min, was elevated significantly in the stressed ventricle for both K+ and Ca++ activity in hypertrophied right ventricles. Associated with the increase in myosin activity, there was an increase in proportion of heavy to light chains in myosin from HRV. There were approximately 2 moles of myosin light chains per mole of myosin heavy chains in NRV and approximately 1 mole of myosin light chains per mole of myosin heavy chains in HRV. The proportion of light chain C1 to C2, did not change in myosin from NRV and HRV. Of the C1 light chains, according to two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, there was less C1d as compared to C1c in HRV as compared to NRV. Thus K+- and Ca++- activated myosin is elevated in early canine HRV by pressure overload. It is suggested taht the augmented myosin activity is due to a reduction of light chain inhibition of myosin ATPase activity, which appears to result from the slower turnover rate of myosin light chains relative to heavy chains. Furthermore, when myosin light chains are added to hypertrophied right ventricular myosin, the ATPase activity is lowered.
 ...
PMID:Modulation of myosin in right ventricular hypertrophy. 12 38

The amplitude of the fast uptake and the initial rate of the slow uptake increase with increasing free calcium concentrations, up to 30 muM. In that range, both processes are correlated to each other. At higher concentrations, the slow uptake is more inhibited than the fast uptake. The fast uptake shows a maximum amplitude which remains unchanged in the presence of phosphate. The slow uptake leads to a nearly complete depletion of the external calcium, and its rate is proportional to the phosphate concentration, even at physiological range. The sarcoplasmic ATPase liberates inorganic phosphate and the slow uptake is an autocatalytic process.
 ...
PMID:The effect of calcium and phosphate on the biphasic calcium uptake by the sarcoplasmic reticulum. 13 9

A photochemical analogue of strophanthidin, 3-azidoacetylstrophanthidin (AAS) was synthesized and tested as a cardiotonic steroid (CS) site directed photoaffinity label for Na+ + K+-ATPase (ATP phosphohydrolase, E.C. 3.6.1.3). AAS-inhibited rat brain ATPase with an I50 of about 1 x 10(-6) M readily displaced 3H-ouabain from its specific binding sites on this enzyme and produced a positive inotropic effect in guinea pig atrial strips. In the absence of UV light its interaction with the CS binding sites of Na+ + K+-ATPase appeared reversible. In the presence of UV light and acetylphosphate, AAS produced about 15% irreversible inhibition of Na+ + K+-ATPase, compared with about 5% irreversible inhibition in the absence of either UV light or acetyl phosphate. Since acetylphosphate supports specific glucoside binding at the CS binding sites of Na+ + K+-ATPase these data are consistent with the concept that AAS is a cardiotonic steroid site directed photoactivatable inhibitor of Na+ + K+-ATPase.
 ...
PMID:Cardiotonic site directed irreversible inhibition of Na+ + K+-ATPase by 3-azidoacetylstrophanthidin, a photochemical analogue of strophanthidin. 13 Feb 45


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>