Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:3.6.1.3 (ATPase)
65,361 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Isolated membrane fractions of Escherichia coli K-12 yielded complex immunoprecipitate patterns when Triton X-100 and sodium dodecyl sulfate extracts were examined by crossed immunoelectrophoresis with antienvelope immunoglobulins. Twelve of the 46 antigens in the immunoprecipitate patterns of inner (plasma) membranes were identified by zymograms and/or by the use of specific antisera. The following enzyme activities were detected in immunoprecipitates: 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.43); adenosine triphosphatase (EC 3.6.1.3); glutamate dehydrogenase (EC 1.4.1.4), two separate components; malate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.37); dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (EC 1.3.3.1); succinate dehydrogenase (EC 1.3.99.1); lactate dehydrogeanse (EC 1.1.1.27); reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase (EC 1.6.99.3); protease (EC 3.4.21.1); and glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.99.5). The corresponding immunoprecipitate pattern for isolated outer membranes consisted of at least 25 discrete antigens and differed strikingly from that obtained with inner membranes. Two major immunogens were identified as lipopolysaccharide and Braun lipoprotein. A protease-active immunoprecipitate was also detected in this fraction, but attempts to identify the Rosenbusch matrix protein in the crossed immunoelectrophoretic profile were unsuccessful.
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PMID:Immunochemical analysis of inner and outer membranes of Escherichia coli by crossed immunoelectrophoresis. 33 83

Antibodies against isolated beef-heart ubiquinol--cytochrome c reductase (complex III) have been characterized. Antibodies to complex III react strongly with isolated beef heart complex III and intact beef heart mitochondria, as shown by immunodiffusion and rocket electrophoresis experiments. The complex III content of intact mitochondria can be quantitated with rocket electrophoresis using isolated complex III as a standard. Antibodies to complex III also react with beef liver mitochondria and with both heart and liver mitochondria from rats. The latter are very weak antigens compared to beef heart material. Antibodies to complex III do not react with respiratory chain complexes I and IV, or F1-ATPase from beef heart mitochondria, but gives a slight, but variable, reaction with complex II and the membrane fraction isolated from complex V (oligomycin-sensitive ATPase). Antigenic sites are located on at least five of the seven peptides of complex III. These peptides are presumably lacking in respiratory chain complexes which do not react with antibodies to complex III, and are assumed to be uniquely located in complex III. Antiserum against complex III inhibitis duroquinol--cytochrome c reductase activity in isolated complex III and in complex III incorporated into phospholipid vesicles. Oxidation of NADH and succinate is not affected in submitochondrial particles treated with 6-times more antibody than required for complete inhibition of enzyme activity in free complex III or in complex III-phospholipid vesicles.
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PMID:Immunological studies on beef-heart ubiquinol--cytochrome c reductase (complex III) 41 53

The exposure of proteins at the surface of isolated chromatophores (i.e., the cytoplasmic face of intracytoplasmic membranes) of Rhodospirillum rubrum was studied by proteolysis as well as by enzymatic iodination with 125I. Analyses were performed after polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of chromatophore proteins solubilized with sodium dodecyl sulfate. Reversible light induced proton uptake by partially digested chromatophores was used as a criterion for the integrity of the permeability barrier and thus, as evidence for proteolysis only of proteins outside of this barrier. Trypsin or alpha-chymotrypsin completely cleaved four proteins which were identified as the heavy subunit of succinate dehydrogenase (Mr = 64 000), the alpha- and beta-subunits of coupling factor ATPase (Mr = 55 000 and 51 000), and the heavy (H) subunit of photochemical reaction centers (Mr = 31 000). alpha-Chymotrypsin, in addition, attacked the protein (Mr = 9000) of light harvesting bacteriochlorophyll preparations. By enzymatic iodination, the same proteins were labeled as were digested with trypsin or alpha-chymotrypsin except for the protein of Mr = 9000. In addition, significant label was incorporated into three more proteins, one of which (Mr = 41 000) could be identified as a major protein of the cell wall. The complete cleavage with trypsin of four proteins exposed at the surface indicated that isolated chromatophores were homogeneously oriented regardless of the method employed for cell breakage, i.e., passage through a French pressure cell at different forces or osmotic shock of sphaeroplasts.
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PMID:Proteins exposed at the surface of chromatophores of Rhodospirillum rubrum: the orientation of isolated chromatophores. 41 10

The time course and degree of atrophic changes caused by tenotomy were compared in normal, self-reinnervated and randomly reinnervated soleus muscle 6 months after transsection and reunion of the nerve at different distances from the muscle. Comparison was made between the behaviour of Type I and Type II fibers, distinguished on the basis of histochemical myofibrillar ATPase and succinic dehydrogenase reactions. Cross-sectional areas of individual muscle fibers were measured using Quantimet 720 image analyser. Selective atrophy of Type I muscle fibers as determined by structural and histochemical changes was observed after tenotomy of normal, self-reinnervated and randomly reinnervated soleus muscles after transsection of the muscular branch of the tibial nerve, Type II muscle fibers in randomly reinnervated muscles were found to be relatively insensitive to tenotomy, as in normal muscle. In randomly reinnervated muscles after transsection and reunion of the sciatic nerve, tenotomy did not cause any visible structural and histochemical abnormalities although a decrease of muscle weight and cross-sectional surface area of fibers was noted. Since in these muscles Type II fibers increased to about 70% of the muscle fiber population, it is suggested that the increased percentage of Type II fibers seemed to prevent the atrophic changes in Type I fibers after tenotomy.
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PMID:Effect of tenotomy on self-reinnervated and randomly reinnervated soleus muscle of rat. 43 43

When lead acetate was administered intraperitoneally to young rats at a dose of 20 mg/kg (five times a week for 6 weeks), their growth rate was retarded when compared with controls injected with sodium acetate. Only a small amount of the heavy metal reached the circulation and exerted limited effects on typical target organs. However, large, electron-dense inclusion bodies were found in the abdominal cavity. The in vivo intestinal absorption of glucose was reduced. When perfused at 40 mM concentration, the experimental animals had a mean absorption rate of 152.1 nmol/min . cm vs. 230.6 in the controls (p less than 0.01). Also, sodium and potassium transport was reduced. No effects were observed on amino acid transport and (Na+-K+)-ATPase. Mg++-ATPase, glucose-6-phosphatase, fructose-1, 6-diphosphatase, pyruvate kinase, succinic dehydrogenase, and tryptophan hydroxylase in the small intestinal mucosa and the kidney were unaltered. Renal alkaline phosphatase was decreased. These studies confirm the greater susceptibility of some active transport mechanisms of the small intestinal mucosa to lead toxicity, compared to those of the kidney.
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PMID:Alterations of intestinal and renal functions in rats after intraperitoneal injections of lead acetate. 46 71

In the cells of RH, SPEV and HEp-2 lines irradiated with 6.5 mm radiowaves of 1 mW/cm2 flux density the following phenomena were established: activation of succinate dehydrogenase and ATPase; reduction of cytochrome oxidase, NAD- and NADP-diaphorase, acid and alkaline phosphatase activities; repression of 3H-thymidine incorporation in DNA and of 3H-uridine incorporation in RNA; violation of ultrastructure; suppression of cellular proliferation; decrease of mitotic activity; occurrence of pathological forms of mitosis.
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PMID:[Biological oxidation in cells exposed to microwaves in the millimeter range]. 68 31

Organ cultures of malignant tumours were histochemically and electronmicroscopically investigated. There was established that follows enzymes show a little activity in cultured tumour cells after 24 and 48 h: succinate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, adenosine triphosphatase, and nonspecific esterase, whereas NADH-diophorase, lactate dehydrogenase, and acid phosphatase show an essentially higher activity after termination of the cultivation. However, in comparison with the primare tissue, the activities of the last mentioned enzymes are clearly decreased in cultured tumour cells after termination of the cultivation. No changes of cell structures have electronmicroscopically been observed on these cultures of malignant tumours.
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PMID:[Histochemical and ultrastructural investigations on organ culture of malignant tumors (author's transl)]. 81 69

The development of suspensor in Brassica campestris is of the "Onagrad type"; The suspensor growth was maximum between the globular and heart stage of embryo development. There after, the suspensor diminished and immediately after the torpedo stage, it degenerated several enzymes (e.g. acid-, alkaline-, adenosine triphosphatase, peroxidase, succinate dehydrogenase, cyotchrome oxidase) and general substances (ascorbic acid, polysaccharides, lipids) were localized in the suspensor during different phases of embryo growth. Between the globular and heartshaped stage, suspensor cells had strong reaction. An attempt is made to elucidate possible physiological functions in relation to specific enzyme localization. The possibility of suspensor having secretory function is also brought out. Present histochemical data indicated that suspensor was chiefly concerned with absorption and transport of metabolites from the surrounding tissue to the developing embryo.
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PMID:III. Histochemical characteristics of suspensor during embryo development in Brassica campestris Linn. var., Sarson. 82 2

A sporadic case of central core disease in a 5 1/2-year-old girl is reported. Clinically, a retarded motor development existed, furthermore, a muscle weakness and hypotonia of the extremities and trunk, contractures of the hip- and knee-joint,and luxation of both hip-joints. Biopsy specimens are taken from both Mm. gastrocnemii. Muscle fibres show, by morphologic examination, 95 per cent cores, which are characteristic for this myopathy. A further abnormality is seen inthe histochemical preparations for phosphorylase, succinate dehydrogenase, NAD diaphorase tetrazolium reductase, myofibrillar ATPase as well as AS-reaction with and without diastase digestion. With these techniques the muscle fibres show an uniform reaction pattern in which the activities of the oxidative andglycolytic enzymes correspond to the type I fibres of healthy persons. The cores show a lack of a activity of the oxidative and glycolytic enzymes as well as are ATPase- and PAS-negative. By reason of this histochemical behaviour it is suggested that the cores are predominantly unstructured. The cause of this disease might be complex disturbances in the neuro-muscular system manifested in the fetal period.
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PMID:[A case of central core disease. Light microscopic and histochemical studies (author's transl)]. 84 74

Different knee joint affections are apt to initiate different specific atrophy forms in quadriceps muscle. By a biopsy-technique using the histochemical demonstration of ATPase and succinate dehydrogenase fast twitch fibre atrophy can be correlated with increasing age and a moderate impairment but still ambulatory condition. Fast twitch and slow twitch fibres together show atrophy in those cases which are severely impaired and nearly immobilized. An isolated atrophy of slow twitch fibres was found in three patients suffering from frequent sudden short-lasting pain in the knee joint, although this condition may not be alone the cause for slow twitch fibre atrophy. The mechanisms leading to a selective atrophy of muscle fibre types are not fully understood. Nevertheless, a more clear understanding of the nature of skeletal muscle atrophy brought about by joint affections should be of benefit for a better concept of physiotherapeutical approaches: In fast twitch fibre atrophy maximal short lasting contractions followed by rather long periods of recovery should be performed (30). Slow twitch fibre atrophy should be influenced beneficially by chronic submaximal activity (46), whereas both fibre type atrophy should be treated by a combination of isometric techniques and chronic submaximal activities.
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PMID:Selective changes in size and distribution of fibre types in vastus muscle from cases of different knee joint affections. 89 96


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