Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.6.1.3 (ATPase)
 65,361 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

56 human liver biopsy specimens with insignificant or no histological changes, but with abnormally strong canalicular alkaline phosphatase activity, were studied histochemically for other enzyme changes. In comparison with normal specimens, more extensive and increased canalicular activity of gamma-glutamyl transferase, and increase of canalicular leucine aminopeptidase, was found, while the sinusoidal activity of the latter enzyme was decreased. Staining for adenosine triphosphatase regularly desclosed the normal pattern of sinusoidal and canalicular activity. The lysosomal enzymes, acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase, stained more intensely than ordinarily, while the reactions for enzymes present in the cytosol (lactic dehydrogenase), in the mitochondria (succinic dehydrogenase, imonoamine oxidase) and in the endoplasmic reticulum (glucose-6-phosphatase) were normal.
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PMID:On histochemical enzyme changes in association with canalicular activity of alkaline phosphatase in human liver. 24 Dec 3

Isolated membrane fractions of Escherichia coli K-12 yielded complex immunoprecipitate patterns when Triton X-100 and sodium dodecyl sulfate extracts were examined by crossed immunoelectrophoresis with antienvelope immunoglobulins. Twelve of the 46 antigens in the immunoprecipitate patterns of inner (plasma) membranes were identified by zymograms and/or by the use of specific antisera. The following enzyme activities were detected in immunoprecipitates: 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.43); adenosine triphosphatase (EC 3.6.1.3); glutamate dehydrogenase (EC 1.4.1.4), two separate components; malate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.37); dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (EC 1.3.3.1); succinate dehydrogenase (EC 1.3.99.1); lactate dehydrogeanse (EC 1.1.1.27); reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase (EC 1.6.99.3); protease (EC 3.4.21.1); and glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.99.5). The corresponding immunoprecipitate pattern for isolated outer membranes consisted of at least 25 discrete antigens and differed strikingly from that obtained with inner membranes. Two major immunogens were identified as lipopolysaccharide and Braun lipoprotein. A protease-active immunoprecipitate was also detected in this fraction, but attempts to identify the Rosenbusch matrix protein in the crossed immunoelectrophoretic profile were unsuccessful.
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PMID:Immunochemical analysis of inner and outer membranes of Escherichia coli by crossed immunoelectrophoresis. 33 83

Several glycolytic enzymes were observed to have between 40-90% of their activities associated with the particulate fractions of lysed nerve endings. The enzymes showing high particulate activity in lysed nerve endings were hexokinase (EC 2.7.1.1), aldolase (EC 4.1.2.13), glucosephosphate isomerase (EC 5.3.1.9), phosphofructokinase (EC 2.7.1.11), glyceraldehyde-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.12), pyruvate kinase (EC 2.7.1.40) and lactate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.27). With the exception of phosphofructokinase, 80% or more of the particle associated activity of each enzyme was solubilized by salt treatment indicating the association with particles was ionic. Sub-fractionation of lysed nerve endings showed hexokinase and fumarase (EC 4.2.1.2) had the highest specific activity in the same fractions which is consistent with observations indicating that hexokinase is associated with mitochondria. The other glycolytic zymes having high particulate activity, aldolase, glucosephosphate isomerase, phosphofructokinase, glyceraldehyde-phosphate dehydrogenase, pyruvate kinase and lactate dehydrogenase, showed enrichment in fractions containing synaptosomal membranes, i.e. the fractions having highest specific activity of acetylcholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.7) and (Na+ + K+)-ATPase (EC 3.6.1.3).
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PMID:Association of glycolytic enzymes with particulate fractions from nerve endings. 62 35

The origin and properties of cytosolic neuraminidase (acylneuraminyl hydrolase, EC 3.2.1.18) from pig brain were studied. 1. The brain extracts containing the cytosol derived from neuronal bodies and glial cells carry 0.69 munits neuraminidase/g fresh tissue. The behaviour of neuraminidase during extraction closely paralleled that of authentic cytosolic enzyme, lactate dehydrogenase; whereas, it differed from that of the lysosomal enzymes, beta-hexosaminidase and beta-galactosidase, also found in the extracts. 2. Nerve endings from either crude or purified preparations, when treated by hypoosmotic shock, released neuraminidase activity up to a maximum of 1.25 munits/g fresh tissue. The behaviour of releasable neuraminidase was always identical to that of lactate dehydrogenase and very similar to that of ATPase and acetylcholinesterase. Typical lysosomal enzymes, however, such as beta-galactosidase and beta-hexosaminidase, behaved differently under the same conditions. This neuraminidase activity is thought to be derived from the cytosol of nerve endings. 3. The specific activity of neuraminidase in nerve-ending cytosol is 15--20 times that in neuronal body and glial cell cytosol. Some properties (pH, Km value, V/t relationship) of the cytosolic enzymes of different origin are similar; others (stability on standing at 4 degrees C; resistance to freezing and thawing) are different. Hypoionic solutions caused both cytosolic neuraminidases to slowly precipitate and to assume a stable insoluble form which was still active.
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PMID:Studies on brain cytosol neuraminidase. II. Extractability, solubility and intraneuronal distribution of the enzyme in pig brain. 71 57

This study demonstrates the changes of concentration and elimination of calcium, phosphate and zinc, as well as alteration of serum alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase especially in patients with severe brain injuries in connection with bone fractures. Because the study has not been completed, the presently acquired results should only demonstrate possible development of the examined parameters. To find out the pathogenesis of overgrowing callus in brain-injured patients, further examinations are being carried out to find the histochemical activities of alkaline and acid phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, adenosine triphosphatase and acetylcholine esterase.
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PMID:[Special aspects of fracture healing in cranio-cerebral injuries]. 72 99

It is shown that on the 27-30th day of pregnancy in the myometrium cytoplasm of female rabbits the content of proteins, the aldolase (EC 4.1.2.7) and lactate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.27) activities are increased. Redistribution between fractions of certain lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) isoenzymes is observed: the fraction of LDH4--5 increases and that of LDH1--2 decreases, and the ATPase (EC 3.6.1.3) activity lowers as well. A rise in the amount of proteins in the female rabbits myometrium cytoplasm in the last days of pregnancy and the growing fraction of LDH4--5 testify to the myometrium enchanced contractility during the labour.
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PMID:[Composition and enzymic activity of cytoplasmic proteins in myometrium of female rabbits during pregnancy]. 72 91

Organ cultures of malignant tumours were histochemically and electronmicroscopically investigated. There was established that follows enzymes show a little activity in cultured tumour cells after 24 and 48 h: succinate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, adenosine triphosphatase, and nonspecific esterase, whereas NADH-diophorase, lactate dehydrogenase, and acid phosphatase show an essentially higher activity after termination of the cultivation. However, in comparison with the primare tissue, the activities of the last mentioned enzymes are clearly decreased in cultured tumour cells after termination of the cultivation. No changes of cell structures have electronmicroscopically been observed on these cultures of malignant tumours.
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PMID:[Histochemical and ultrastructural investigations on organ culture of malignant tumors (author's transl)]. 81 69

Human erythrocyte ghosts were solubilized in a low ionic strength medium containing 1% Triton X-100 and subjected to electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels containing Triton X-100. Five major bands were stained with Coomassie Blue, all except one band being heterogenous when re-electrophoresed in gels containing sodium dodecyl sulphate. It was possible to detect acetylcholinesterase, non-specific esterase, ATPase, alkaline phosphatase, 5'-nucleotidase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, and aldolase activities on the Triton-containing polyacrylamide gels. Two of the enzymes, ATPase and 5'-nucleotidase, showed substantial inhibition by Triton X-100 in quantitative studies. This appears to be a useful method for studying membrane enzymes in normal and pathological red cells.
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PMID:Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of human erythrocyte membrane enzymes solubilized with triton X-100. 89 Sep 65

The plasmalemma and hyaline ectoplasm together constitute the sensory and motor organ of macrophages. The purpose of this study was to isolate this cell fraction in order to analyze it biochemically and functionally. Brief sonification of warmed rabbit lung macrophages caused release of heterodisperse hyaline blebs and filopodia, which were easily collected by differential centrifugation. Viewed in the electron microscope, these structures consisted of membrane-bounded sacs principally containing actin filaments. Some contained secondary lysosomes. They were enriched threefold over whole cell homogenates in specific adenylate cyclase activity and in trichloroacetic-acid-precipitable (125)I when derived from cells labeled with 125(I) by means of a lactoperoxidase-catalyzed reaction. These markers were found to have identical isopycnic densitites when macrophage homogenates were subjected to sedimentation in a focusing sucrose density gradient system, and these markers had densities distinct from those of other cytoplasmic organelles. These markers were therefore assumed to be associated with macrophage plasma membranes. The specific beta- glucuronidase activity of the bleb fraction was similar to that of homogenates, but the blebs had considerably lower specific succinic dehydrogenase activity and RNA content, and DNA was undetectable. Electrophoresis of blebs solubilized in sodium dodecyl sulfate on polyacrylamide gels revealed polypeptides co-migrating with macrophage actin-binding protein, myosin, and actin; blebs also had EDTA-activated adenosine triphosphatase activity characteristic of myosin. The concentrations of actin-binding protein and myosin were higher in blebs than in cells or cytoplasmic extracts, whereas actin concentrations were similar (relative to extracts) or only slightly greater (than in cells). Blebs and intact cells had high lactate dehydrogenase activities in the presence but not the absence of Triton X-100. Blebs and cells oxidased 1-[(14)C]glucose, and the rate of glucose oxidation was increased substantially in the presence of latex beads. We conclude that intact sacs of plasmalemma encasing contractile proteins and cytoplasmic enzymes can be isolated from macrophages. They are enriched in myosin and actin-binding protein, indicating that the contractile apparatus is regulated in the cell periphery. These structures have the capacity to respond to environmental signals. We suggest the name "podosomes" for them because of their resemblance to macrophage pseudopodia. We propose that podosome formation results from rapid dissolution of the cortical gel when the membrane is in an actively extended configuration.
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PMID:Peripheral hyaline blebs (podosomes) of macrophages. 92 88

Ultrastructural and histochemical changes of skeletal muscle were studied in three patients affected with gas gangrene. There was complete lack of the phosphorylase, succinate dehydrogenase and adenosine triphosphatase activities in the affected muscles of all the patients. In unaffected muscles these enzymes showed weaker activities than in norm. The lactate dehydrogenase activity, especially the heart type isozyme (LDH-1 or H4) proved less sensitive to the effect of clostridial toxin. A general increase in the acid phosphatase activity was found both in affected and in unaffected muscles. On electron microscopic examination damage to sarcolemmal membrane and disintegration of myofilaments was seen. The mitochondria were swollen and their cristae distorted and fragmented.
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PMID:Histochemical and electron microscopical studies of skeletal muscle affected by gas gangrene. 120 13


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