Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.6.1.3 (ATPase)
 65,361 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Oxidative stress has long been recognized as an important mediator in the pathogenesis of cataract and the goal of this study was to determine the efficacy of isorhamnetin-3-glucoside (IR3G) in alleviating the toxicity induced by sodium selenite in in vitro culture condition. IR3G is the bioactive flavonoid isolated and characterized from the leaves of Cochlospermum religiosum. Enucleated rat lenses were maintained in organ culture containing M-199 medium alone (G-I), supplemented with 0.1 mM selenite (G-II) and selenite + 25 microg/ml IR3G (G-III). Treatment to G-III was from the second to fifth day while selenite administration to G-II & III was done on the third day. The antioxidant potential of the compound was assessed by Cu(2+) induced lipoprotein diene formation and superoxide scavenging assays. Morphological examination of the lenses also gave a supporting data. Antioxidant enzymes-superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and concentration of reduced glutathione (GSH) were significantly lower, while TBARS showed an increase in G-II than that in G-III and G-I lenses. Activity of Ca(2+)-ATPase was decreased and level of calcium was increased in G-II than G-III and G-I lenses. These data suggest that IR3G is able to significantly retard selenite cataract in vitro by virtue of its antioxidant property.
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PMID:Isorhamnetin-3-glucoside alleviates oxidative stress and opacification in selenite cataract in vitro. 2056 34

The primary or hereditary forms of distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) have received increased attention because of advances in the understanding of the molecular mechanism, whereby mutations in the main proteins involved in acid-base transport result in impaired acid excretion. Dysfunction of intercalated cells in the collecting tubules accounts for all the known genetic causes of dRTA. These cells secrete protons into the tubular lumen through H(+)-ATPases functionally coupled to the basolateral anion exchanger 1 (AE1). The substrate for both transporters is provided by the catalytic activity of the cytosolic carbonic anhydrase II (CA II), an enzyme which is also present in the proximal tubular cells and osteoclasts. Mutations in ATP6V1B1, encoding the B-subtype unit of the apical H(+) ATPase, and ATP6V0A4, encoding the a-subtype unit, lead to the loss of function of the apical H(+) ATPase and are usually responsible for patients with autosomal recessive dRTA often associated with early or late sensorineural deafness. Mutations in the gene encoding the cytosolic CA II are associated with the autosomal recessive syndrome of osteopetrosis, mixed distal and proximal RTA and cerebral calcification. Mutations in the AE1, the gene that encodes the Cl(-)/HCO(3)(-) exchanger, usually present as dominant dRTA, but a recessive pattern has been recently described. Several studies have shown trafficking defects in the mutant protein rather than the lack of function as the major mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of dRTA from AE1 mutations.
Nephrol Dial Transplant 2012 Oct
PMID:Genetic causes and mechanisms of distal renal tubular acidosis. 2311 96

Fanconi-Bickel syndrome is a rare autosomal-recessive disorder caused by mutations in the SLC2A2 gene coding for the glucose transporter protein 2 (GLUT2). Major manifestations include hepatomegaly, glucose intolerance, post-prandial hypoglycaemia and renal disease that usually presents as proximal tubular acidosis associated with proximal tubule dysfunction (renal Fanconi syndrome). We report a patient harbouring a homozygous mutation of SLC2A2 who presented a dramatic exacerbation of metabolic acidosis in the context of a viral infection, owing to both ketosis and major urinary bicarbonate loss. The kidney biopsy revealed nuclear and cytoplasmic accumulation of glycogen in proximal tubule cells, a lack of expression of GLUT2, and major defects of key proteins of the proximal tubule such as megalin, cubilin and the B2 subunit of H(+)-ATPase. These profound alterations of the transport systems most likely contributed to proximal tubule alterations and profound bicarbonate loss.
Nephrol Dial Transplant 2014 Sep
PMID:Acute metabolic acidosis in a GLUT2-deficient patient with Fanconi-Bickel syndrome: new pathophysiology insights. 2516 76


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