Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.6.1.3 (ATPase)
 65,361 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

1. Dexrazoxane (DXR, ICRF-187) has been shown both in animal studies and clinical trials to provide a substantial cardioprotection when co-administered with anthracycline drugs like Doxorubicin (DOX). In a previous study, we showed that chronic DOX treatment in rats is associated with a clear impairment of the crossbridge kinetics and shift in myosin iso-enzymes. 2. The present study was adopted to investigate whether the cardioprotective action of DXR involves preservation of the normal actin-myosin interaction. Rats were treated for 4 weeks with either DOX at a weekly dose of 2 mg kg(-1) (i.v.), or were pre-injected with DXR (40 mg kg(-1), i.v.) at a 20 : 1 dose ratio 30 min prior to the DOX infusion. Rats receiving saline or DXR alone were included in the experiments. Cardiac trabeculae were isolated 4 weeks after the last infusion and were skinned with detergent. 3. Crossbridge turnover kinetics were studied after application of rapid length perturbations of varying amplitudes in Ca(2+)-activated preparations. DXR treatment offered a significant protection against the DOX-induced impairment of the crossbridge kinetics in isolated cardiac trabeculae. Time constants describing transitions between different crossbridge states were restored to normal in both the quick release protocol and the slack-test. DXR prevented the shift from the 'high ATPase' alpha-myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform towards the 'low-ATPase' beta-MHC isoform in the ventricles. 4. We conclude that pre-administration of DXR in rats greatly reduces the deleterious effects of chronic DOX treatment on the trabecular actin - myosin crossbridge cycle. Preventing direct deleterious effects on the actin - myosin crossbridge system may provide a new target for preventing or reducing DOX-related cardiotoxicity and may enable patients to continue the treatment beyond currently imposed limits.
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PMID:Dexrazoxane pre-treatment protects skinned rat cardiac trabeculae against delayed doxorubicin-induced impairment of crossbridge kinetics. 1193 11

Doxorubicin (DOX), an anthracycline-based antibiotic, is regularly used in the management of carcinomas, and haematological malignancies have been downplayed in chemotherapy because of its ability to induce dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Dexrazoxane is approved to combat the cardiotoxicity, but limited by its adverse effects. Redox imbalance and reactive oxygen species generation plays major role in DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. Histamine, known to mediate various cardiovascular effects, but nevertheless the role of histamine or its receptors in DOX-induced DCM is remained obscure. Hence, this study is aimed to examine the effect of Famotidine (FAM), a H2 receptor antagonist on DOX-induced DCM in Wistar rats. Myocardial antioxidant status, stress and apoptosis markers, myocardial morphology and function were evaluated as the end points. Treatment with FAM has alleviated DOX doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by reducing oxidative and nitrosative stress evident from lipid peroxidation and total nitrate-to-nitrite ratio, and enhanced the activity of super oxide dismutase. Cardiac stress markers like LDH and Na+-K+ATPase activities as well as CK-MB and Cardiac troponin levels were reduced by FAM treatment. It also normalised the myocardial function as assessed by 2D echocardiography and myocardial index. Treatment imparted anti-apoptotic effect as evident from decrease in myocardial caspase 3 and 9 activity and cleaved PARP expression. Effect of FAM is found to be comparable to the standard ACE inhibitor Captopril (CAP). The results from this study collectively suggest H2 receptor antagonism as a novel therapeutic strategy to impart biochemical, structural and functional improvement indicating its cardio-protective activity.
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PMID:Histamine 2 receptor antagonism elicits protection against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rodent model. 2888 71