Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:3.6.1.3 (ATPase)
65,361 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The use of enzymes as markers of T or B cells in tissue sections has been studied in mouse lymphoid tissue and lymph nodes from the gerbil, rat and cat. Lymphocytes in the T-cell areas of murine lymph nodes and spleen contained discrete dots of non-specific esterase and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (beta-glucosaminidase) activity, with weak acid phosphatase activity. Lymphocytes in the B-cell areas lacked this discrete staining. Cortical thymocytes contained slight esterase activity while medullary thymocytes were strongly positive for both esterase and beta-glucosaminidase. Lymphocytes with a T-cell staining pattern were only occasionally seen in lymph nodes from Nude (nu/nu) mice. ATPase staining was restricted to lymphocytes in the B-cell areas; weak 5'-nucleotidase staining was only present in a frew lymphocytes in both T- and B-cell areas. Blast cells stimulated by in vivo injection of ConA or PHA in the mouse showed strong discrete enzyme activity for non-specific esterase and beta-glucosaminidase. Lipopolysaccharide-stimulated blast cells and cells within germinal centres lacked this discrete staining. Comparison of lymph nodes from the gerbil, rat and cat suggested at least on enzymes as a T-cell marker in each species although considerable variation in staining profiles was seen in the different species.
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PMID:Cytochemical identification of T and B cells in situ in mouse lymphoid tissue and lymph nodes from the rat, gerbil and cat. 8 10

Human adult lung fragments removed from macroscopically undamaged and anthracosis exempted zones of lungs of 20 pneumonectomies made for cancer, were tested for 25 enzymic activities. The location and intensities of these enzymic activities were different in the lung tissue components; The bronchial epithelia contained highly active LDH, MDH, SDH, NADH-TR and NADPH-TR, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, active hydroxyproline-2-epimerase, alkaline phosphatase. Ca2+-activated ATP-ase, and beta-galactosidase. Bronchial and vascular muscles presented intense activities of LDH, MDH and SDH of alkalinephosphatase, AMP-ase and Ca2+-activated ATP-ase, as well as of beta-galactosidase. The alveolar walls presented high activities of SDH, MDH and LDH, of alkaline and acid phosphatases, of beta-galactosidase and of Tween-40 and 60-esterases, of HEP, cytochrome-oxidase and peroxidase. The free alveolar macrophages were active for LDH, MDH, SDH, NADH-TR and NADPH-TR, G1-6-ph-DH, acid and alkaline phosphatase, cytochrome-oxidase and peroxidase, HEP, AMP-ase and Mg2+-activated ATP-ase, Tween-esterases, naphthol-ASD-acetate esterase, and beta-galactosidase. The endothelia contained high activities of alkaline phosphatase, of AMP-ase and Mg2+-activated ATPase, of LDH, MDH and SDH, and of beta-galactosidase. In bronchial lymphoid nodules it was the LDH, MDH, SDH, cytochrome-oxidase and peroxidase, HEP, alkaline phosphatase and AMP-ase, Tween-60-esterase and beta-galactosidase that were active. The interlobular areas of the lung presented intense activities of SDH, MDH, LDH, HEP and cytochrome-oxidase. The activities of the other tested enzymes were weaker or absent in the adult human lung components, the same as those of aminopeptidases which were present only in some free alveolar macrophages. The discussion of some relationships between these enzymic actitivies and the morphology of the human adult lung tissue asserted that the latter could not be considered as a "normal" tissue but as one overstrained by the components of blood and polluted air.
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PMID:Histoenzymology of the lung. I. Enzyme activities of the lung tissue of acult humans; relationships between structure and functions. 14 Mar 14

Three parts were distinguished by electron microscopy and by enzyme histochemistry at the boundary zone between the white and red pulp of the human spleen. The first was the inner layer of the perifollicular region, composed of medium-sized lymphocytes with abundant free ribosomes in their cytoplasm. A small number of reticulum cells intervened among these lymphocytes. This inner layer was considered to correspond to the "Follikelaussenzone" (Strasser). The second was the outer layer of the perifollicular region, composed of a meshwork of reticulum cells with reticular fibers, and sheathed and non-sheathed arteries. Small and medium-sized lymphocytes, granulocytes, erythrocytes, platelets, and a small number of plasma cells were observed in the mesh spaces. This outer layer was considered to correspond to the "marginal zone" (Snook). At the outermost part of this layer, the venous sinus appeared. There was no distinct border between this layer and the red pulp. The third was the neighboring region of the periarterial lymphoid sheath, showeing similar structure and cellular components to the outer layer of the perifollicular region. It was characteristic feature for the lymphocytes and some of the reticulum cells of this region to have a strong activity for alkaline phosphatase reaction, while the lymphocytes of the outer layer showed only a weak activity. Adenosine triphosphatase and 5'-nucleotidase activities were demonstrated on the lymphocytes of these three parts of the boundary zone as well as the lymph follicle. Different activities for these enzyme reactions may indicate the functional properties of the B-cell system.
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PMID:An electron microscopic and enzyme histochemical study of the boundary zone between the white and red pulp of the human spleen. 14 41

Twenty-nine cases of malignant lymphoma were studied by the enzyme histochemical method and membrane surface markers. Strong adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity was demonstrated in 15 cases of 20 B lymphomas and in one case of null-cell lymphoma (1/1) by a light- and electron-microscopic enzyme histochemical method according to Wachstein et al. Neoplastic cells in nodules of 2 nodular lymphomas (0/2) and in 8 cases of T lymphomas (0/8) did not show any ATPase activity enzyme-histochemically. The ATPase activity of B lymphomas was electron-microscopically demonstrated on the plasma membrane of lymphoma cells but not in the cytoplasmic organelles. The specificity of ATPase activity in B lymphomas was also examined enzyme-histochemically with reference to normal lymphoid tissues. Such specificity was similar to that of non-neoplastic B lymphocytes of primary follicles and the mantle zone of secondary follicles in lymphoid tissues. Therefore, ATPase is one of the useful enzyme histochemical markers in differentiating T and B subclasses of malignant lymphomas.
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PMID:Mg2+-dependent adenosine triphosphatase as an enzyme histochemical marker for the lymphomas of B-cell origin. 16 Jul 56

Each of two Desert Sheep was infected with 1500 cercariae of Schistosoma mansoni of Northern Sudan. Signs of infection were anorexia, soft faces, progressive weakness and loss of wool. The sheep were killed 254 and 269 days after infection. The findings were heavy infiltration of the lamina propria with inflammatory cells, numerous ova in the submucosa, hyperplasia of lymphoid tissue, oedema of the mesenteric lymph nodes, and focal pulmonary oedema and congestion. There were egg granulomas, focal necrosis, schistosomal pigment, fatty change, depletion of glycogen and reduction in the activity of adenosine triphosphatase, succinic tetrazolium reductase and glucose-6-phosphatase in the liver. In one sheep 1330 cercariae penetrated and 700 matured to produce males and females in a 5:2 ratio. In the other sheep, about one third of the cercariae penetrated and matured. The ratio of males to females was 3:1.
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PMID:Susceptibility of desert sheep to infection with Schistosoma mansoni of Northern Sudan. 93 26

By means of silver nitrate impregnation and ATPase methods the distribution of all links of the lymph node vascular bed has been investigated. Structure of the blood capillary wall has been studied electron microscopically; they are defined as capillaries of the I type, that is having a continuous endothelial and basal layers and a small diameter. An essential amount of ribosomes is specific for blood capillary endothelium in the lymph nodes. A dendrite-like ramification of the portal veins is described, dichotomic--for the cerebral arteries, as well as the distribution of cortical arteries and arterioles. The postcapillary venules are found to localize around the lymphoid noduli and in the paracortical zone. Morphological bases for better exchange between blood and lymph are demonstrated in the cortex of the lymph node. Morphological signs of littoral cells of the lymphatic sinuses have been investigated and a conclusion is made on similarity in the structure of the lymphatic sinus wall and the wall of the lymphatic capillaries. Tight structural interrelations have been stated to exist between the wall of the lymph node blood vessels, its stroma and the wall of the lymphatic sinuses.
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PMID:[The morphofunctional characteristics of the vascular bed of the lymph nodes]. 128 89

Thymomodulin and Thymolymphotropin, biologically active thymus derivative peptides exert recovery effects on the functionality of some membrane bound, mitochondrial and lysosomal enzymes (monoamine oxidase, ATPase, phosphatases, cytochrome oxidase, succinate oxidase) affected by gamma-irradiation. These drugs exert antistress effect by re-establishing the function of hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and that of lymphoid organs.
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PMID:The effects of thymomodulin and thymolymphotropin on the stress response of neuroendocrine system by gamma-irradiated Wistar rat. 134 4

Enzyme histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques were used to examine palatine tonsils and aggregated lymphoid follicles (Peyer's patches) of the ileum in 6- to 9-day-old and in 6-month-old pigs. Histochemical techniques were used to detect alpha-naphthyl-acetate esterase (ANAE), alpha-naphthyl-butyrate esterase (ANBE), beta-glucuronidase, adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase), and acid phosphatase (AcP). Nonspecific esterases (ANAE, ANBE) were detected in macrophages, T-cell area lymphocytes, eosinophils, fibroblastic reticular cells (FRC), follicular dendritic cells (FDC), and interdigitating cells (IDC). beta-Glucuronidase reactivity was strong in macrophages, eosinophils, FDC, and IDC, and weaker in FRC. Adenosine triphosphatase reactivity was detected in B-cell area lymphocytes, FDC, FRC, and IDC. Cell types with acid phosphatase reactivity were macrophages, FDC, FRC, and IDC. Nonepithelial cells of tonsils and aggregated lymphoid follicles of the ileum had similar enzymatic reactions. In Peyer's patches, however, epithelial cells were positive for all enzymes studied; in tonsils, only nonspecific esterases were detected. Immunoperoxidase techniques were used to detect S-100 protein and cytoplasmic immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM, and IgA). The S-100 protein was detected in lymphocytes, FDC, and FRC of tonsils and Peyer's patches; in tonsillar epithelial and endothelial cells; and in IDC of Peyer's patches.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Histochemical and immunohistochemical study of the mucosal lymphoid system in swine. 138 98

Human mitochondrial transcripts have been examined at the ultrastructural level. After contact with ultrathin sections of a human lymphoid cell line (CEM) embedded in Lowicryl K4M, biotinylated mitochondrial probes yield specific hybrids identified by a colloidal gold immunocytochemistry marker that visualizes rRNA and mRNA coding for respiratory chain polypeptides CO II, CO III and ATPase-6. The mitochondrial transcripts are preferentially located close to the inner membrane, particularly the cristae, suggesting that intra-organelle protein synthesis is intimately associated with the mitochondrial membrane system. Quantitative analysis indicates that the mitochondria concentrate the labeling with intensities that vary with the type of RNA and that the nucleus induces a light hybridization signal with each mitochondrial probe. The visualization of human mitochondrial DNA expression in correlation with the fine anatomy of the mitochondria constitutes a new approach for fundamental research on the organelle and for analyzing its behaviour in human mitochondrial diseases.
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PMID:Analysis of human mitochondrial transcripts using electron microscopic in situ hybridization. 166 63

Immunohistological (S-100, cIg) and enzyme histochemical (ANAE/ANBE, beta-glu, ATPase, AcP) investigations were carried out to identify lymphocyte and reticular cell subpopulations "in situ", in pig lymphoid tissue (lymph node, spleen, and thymus) of a 6 months old group, and a 6-9 days old one. By means of immunohistological techniques, in the 6 month old pigs we could detect S-100 protein (PAP), chiefly in T-areas lymphocytes, but we also found some S-100 positive lymphocytes in spleen follicles. Also S-100 protein were detected at Follicular Dendritic Cells (FDC) in lymph node and spleen; and Reticular Fibroblastic Cells (RFC) only in the first one. Finally, S-100 were noted in Hassall corpuscles (thymus), nervous fibres, and endothelial cells too. Using PAP (IgG, IgM) and IPI (IgA) techniques we could detect lymphocyte cytoplasmatic surface immunoglobulins (cIg) in lymphocytes, lymphoblastoid and plasmacytoid cells in nearly all tissue compartments. By means of histochemical techniques we could identify T-area lymphocytes ANAE/ANBE and beta-glu positives (cytoplasmatic spots) and B-area lymphocytes ATPase positive; macrophages, and polymorphonuclear eosinophiles PHNE being ANAE/ANBE and beta-glu positives (diffuse cytoplasmic stain); and Hassall corpuscles ANAE/ANBE and AcP positives. Concerning to reticular cells, we found FDC and RFC in lymphoid follicles, and Interdigitating Reticular Cells (IDC) in lymphoid diffuse tissue, with enzyme activity (all the enzymes studied) in nearly all the cases. In piglets, the immunohistological and histochemical pattern was nearly the same.
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PMID:[Histochemical and immunohistochemical study of the lymphoid tissue of swine: lymphatic ganglia, spleen and thymus]. 189 35


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