Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.6.1.3 (ATPase)
 65,361 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We studied the testis of Wistar rats weighing 280-300 gms. following the administration of a single, acute intracardiac dose of methionine-enkephalin (100 microliters of 50% met-enkephalin solution), or a chronic intramuscular dose (50 microliters of 40% met-enkephalin solution). Rats were sacrificed at 15, 30 and 60 minutes following acute injection. Those on chronic treatment were injected once daily for 10 or 20 days. For the study, we utilized 105 male Wistar rats; 30 comprised the control group, and 75 comprised the study group. The following staining methods were used: 1) succinate dehydrogenase, 2) lactate dehydrogenase, 3) ATPase, 4) acid phosphatase, 5) alkaline phosphatase. We observed marked histoenzymological changes in the rat testis. Particularly noteworthy was a marked change in the energy pathways consisting of a decreased activity of aerobic pathways (decreased SDH activity), increased anaerobic activity (increased LDH activity), and consequently, decreased cellular energy stores (decreased ATPase activity). Similarly, changes were observed in other nonspecific enzymes that led to a fall in acid phosphatase activity and a rise in alkaline phosphatase activity.
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PMID:[Effects of met-enkephalin on the testis. III. Histoenzymatic study]. 253 59

The changes in histopathology and enzyme histochemistry of thymus induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of sublethal doses of cadmium chloride into Kunming male mice were examined. The swollen endothelium of capillaries was observed, with an obviously decreased activity of ICDH, LDH and ATPase, which seemed to be due to direct inhibition by cadmium at the 4th hour. The necroses of the cortex thymocytes were found at the 8th hour after injection and reached an extreme at the 16-24th hour, while few necroses of the lymphocytes in the medulla. Beginning 4th to 8th hour after exposure, the activity of enzymes was located in mitochondria of the cortex thymocytes, i.e., SDH, ICDH, CCO and ATPase, was decreased gradually. It suggested that thymic cortex had a marked impairment of blood supply and anoxia. Within 2 days after a single injection the cortex of the gland was mainly populated by epithelial reticular cells except a few lymphocytes. It was noted that there were some bigger cells which were characterized by their large size, basophilic cytoplasma, rough chromatin and high mitotic ability and activity of MDH, LDH, G-6-PD increased in these cells. From above observation the author concluded that the cause of cadmium-induced acute thymic atrophy was lymphocyte necroses within thymic cortex. The mechanism of the cortex thymocytes necrosis was possibly secondary to an anoxia of cortex resulting from capillary damage in the cortex. The ability of thymic regeneration is strong after being damaged. The regenerate cells possessed characteristics of morphology and enzyme histochemistry of immature cells, which probably came from the bone marrow.
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PMID:[Changes in histopathology and enzyme histochemistry of thymus in cadmium exposure mice]. 253 4

Altered workload effects were studied on the pectoral adductor muscle of C. punctata by the method of fin clipping. Histochemical and biochemical results revealed the atrophy of muscle fibres and changes in the activities of SDH and m-ATPase.
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PMID:Response of pectoral adductor muscle of Channa punctata to altered workload. 253 92

The histoenzymological studies of ATPase and SDH enzymes in rats' gastric mucosa after a single 90 s administration of 96% ethanol proved considerable changes in the enzymes activity in course of injury and subsequent regeneration of mucosa.
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PMID:Effect of a single dosis of 96% ethanol on rat gastric mucosa. Part II. Histoenzymological studies. 253 13

The activity and distribution of 10 enzymes was determined in the ruptured knee meniscus of 23 patients, when meniscus was operatively removed. The activities of NADH and SDH indicating oxydative energy metabolism were low in the ruptured meniscus as well as in the synovium close to it. On the contrary, NADPH and LDH, indicating anaerobic energy metabolism and G-6-PDH as an indicator of pentose-phosphate shunt, showed moderate or high activity. The activities of GLDH, ATPase, AcPase, AlPase, and LAPase were low in the meniscus tissue, but moderate and sometimes high in synovial tissue and fibroblasts close to the meniscus. In the vascular walls these enzyme activities all were moderate or high indicating reparative capacity in the peripheral, vascularized part of meniscus. The age of the patients as well as the time interval between the trauma and the operation was not in relationship with enzyme activities studied.
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PMID:Histological and enzyme histochemical study on the injured knee meniscus in human. 254 Jun 8

1. Rat plantaris muscles were subjected to chronic overload by the surgical removal of the soleus and most of the gastrocnemius muscles. Twelve to 16 wk later whole muscle and motor unit (ventral root dissection technique) contractile properties as well as histochemistry were determined. 2. Motor units were categorized as fast, fatigable (FF), fast, intermediate fatigue-resistant (FI), fast, fatigue-resistant (FR), and slow (S) based on contractile characteristics. Muscle fibers were identified as type I and type II according to myofibrillar ATPase staining. 3. Whole muscles demonstrated increases in wet weight, tetanic force, proportion of type I fibers, and mean cross-sectional areas of both type I and II fibers, as a result of chronic overload. 4. Tetanic tension increased by the same relative magnitude in all motor units whereas twitch tension remained unchanged. A significant change in the proportions of the motor unit types occurred in overloaded muscles, such that the latter contained higher proportions of FF and S units, and lower proportions of FI and FR units, than normal muscles. 5. The fatigue profile of a composite constructed from a summation of motor unit responses revealed that the overloaded plantaris displayed fatigue resistance similar to that of the normal plantaris for a given absolute force output. 6. Glycogen-depleted fibers of hypertrophied single motor units demonstrated uniform myofibrillar ATPase and SDH staining characteristics suggesting that metabolic adaptations among fibers of the same unit were similar after 12-16 wk of overload. 7. The finding that overload caused a uniform increase in the tetanic strength of all motor units, whereas alterations in fatigue resistance varied in degree and direction among unit types, demonstrate that these two properties are not controlled in parallel in this model. The smallest units maintain or even increase their fatigue resistance during the hypertrophic process, whereas high threshold units actually decrease in fatigue resistance.
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PMID:Physiological responses of rat plantaris motor units to overload induced by surgical removal of its synergists. 297 14

The following enzymes have been studied (subcellular fractions are shown between parentheses): NAG and beta-glucuronidase (lysosomes); SDH (mitochondrial); glucose-6-phosphatase (endoplasmic reticulum); 5'-nucleotidase and (Na+, K+)Mg2+ ATPase (plasma membranes). Alterations on their activities were observed after subcutaneous injection of sex hormones, compared with controls. NAG activity from liver was always significantly decreased in lysosomal and microsomal fractions after the hormonal treatment. In the same conditions, NAG from brain was always increased. beta-Glucuronidase behaves like NAG in brain; in liver it was not modified by testosterone and it was slightly increased in lysosomal fraction after oestradiol treatment. SDH activity was not modified in mitochondrial fractions from liver, but this activity was always significantly increased in brain. Glucose-6-phosphatase activity was always significantly decreased in microsomal fractions from liver. It was increased in brain after oestradiol and testosterone injection, but medroxyprogesterone treatment caused a decreased activity. 5'-Nucleotidase and (Na+, K+)Mg2+ ATPase from brain were significantly increased in microsomal fractions by oestradiol and testosterone. Medroxyprogesterone, however, caused an increase in ATPase, but did not affect 5'-nucleotidase. Both activities in liver were decreased by oestradiol and increased by testosterone, but medroxyprogesterone caused (Na+, K+)Mg2+ ATPase to rise and 5'-nucleotidase to fall.
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PMID:Effects of oestradiol, testosterone and medroxyprogesterone on subcellular fraction marker enzyme activities from rat liver and brain. 298 29

The effect of subcutaneous injection of hydrocortisone and corticosterone on the activity values of some subcellular fractions marker enzymes from rat liver and brain was investigated and compared with controls (without treatment with hormones). The following enzymes were studied (subcellular fraction are shown between parentheses): N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase and beta-glucuronidase (lysosomes); succinate dehydrogenase = SDH (mitochondria); glucose-6-phosphatase (endoplasmic reticulum); 5'-nucleotidase and Na+-K+-Mg2+ ATPase (plasma membrane). The specific activity of lysosomal enzymes from liver showed no change when rats were injected either with hydrocortisone or corticosterone. The same enzymes from brain showed significant increases in their activities with both hydrocortisone or corticosterone except beta-glucuronidase; this enzyme gave activity values remaining between the control levels, after treatment with corticosterone. The activity of mitochondrial SDH was increased after corticosterone injection either in liver or brain. After hydrocortisone injection, its activity rises significantly in brain (72%), but it falls in liver compared to the control values. Glucose-6-phosphatase behaves similarly in brain or liver fractions; its activity increases always after corticosterone treatment and decreases by hydrocortisone. The plasma membrane marker enzymes did not change practically in brain fractions, excepted Na+-K+-Mg2+ ATPase which tends to rise its activity after hydrocortisone injection. In liver fractions, both 5'-nucleotidase and Na+-K+-Mg2+ ATPase activities increase either by corticosterone or hydrocortisone treatment, except 5'-nucleotidase which specific activity decreases in liver after hydrocortisone treatment.
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PMID:Alterations in the activities of subcellular fractions marker enzymes in rat liver and brain by hydrocortisone and corticosterone treatment. 298 17

We examined histoenzymatic characteristics of human muscle fibers grown in monolayer culture and innervated de novo in culture for 60-90 days by fetal rat spinal cord neurons. Serial cryostat cross sections were obtained using a freshly frozen sandwich of adult rat muscle and cultured human muscle. An advanced degree of morphologic and histoenzymatic maturation of cultured human muscle was reached after innervation. In contrast to aneurally cultured human muscle fibers, the innervated muscle fibers were smaller in diameter and had myonuclei preferentially located at the periphery of the fiber. The innervated fibers contained a well-developed intermyofibrillar network revealed by the NADH-TR and SDH reactions. Phosphorylase activity was strong to moderate in most muscle fibers. Although most of the innervated cultured muscle fibers were still not fully differentiated into two histochemical fiber types because they had strong ATPase activity after both alkaline and acid preincubation, a few of them had an ATPase profile similar to type 2 fibers in human adult muscle and had reciprocal staining with phosphorylase and NADH-TR reactions. This is the first evidence of differentiation into different histochemical fiber types of human muscle cultured in monolayer and innervated de novo by fetal rat spinal cord.
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PMID:Histoenzymatic profile of human muscle cultured in monolayer and innervated de novo by fetal rat spinal cord. 334 97

Using morphological and histochemical methods, skeletal muscles (soleus, gastrocnemius), quadriceps and biceps muscles) of Wistar-SPF rats flown for 7 days on Cosmos-1667 were investigated. The short-term exposure to microgravity led to muscle atrophy which primarily involved myofibers with a high level of oxidative metabolism and a low level of ATPase activity. The percentage composition of myofibers of different types remained unchanged. The soleus muscle showed the greatest changes which included both atrophic and dystrophic shifts. Muscle atrophy developed together with metabolic changes that resulted in glycogen accumulation and decreased SDH activity. After return to Earth's gravity microcirculation disorders were seen only in the soleus muscle.
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PMID:[Examination of skeletal muscles of rats after a short-term flight on Cosmos-1667]. 343 38


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