Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:3.6.1.3 (ATPase)
65,361 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The recurrence rate after "curative" resection for Crohn's disease is variously reported to be between 17% and 81%. Endoscopic-histological studies in over 200 patients allowed us to demonstrate that 71% of the patients have endoscopic evidence of recurrence within the first year of surgery. The early lesions consist of small aphtoid ulcers. Later these lesions become confluent and result in large, often longitudinal ulcerations, separated by a thickened nodular mucosa with inflammatory cell infiltration. Eventually stenosis develops. These lesions are in 90% of the cases confined to the neoterminal ileum and around the anastomosis. Pre- and postoperative studies indicated that these ulcers do not develop from preexisting lesions left behind at surgery. However, the segment to be used as neoterminal ileum contains an increased number of HLA-DR+, ATPase + dendritic cells in the lamina propria. These findings suggest that immunological processes play a role in the development of recurrent lesions. We further showed that the severity of the early recurrence allows to predict the future course of the disease.
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PMID:Recurrence of Crohn's lesions in the neoterminal ileum after ileal resection and ileocolonic anastomosis. 207 80

By means of ATPase stain and avidin-biotin peroxidase complex (ABC) immunohistochemical stain with HLA-Dr monoclonal antibody, it revealed that large amount of LCs was also observed, besides lymphocytes. Lymphocyte subpopulations OKT3 OKT4 OKT8 were also studied immunohistochemically. Positive OKT3 OKT4 OKT8 cells were found in the epidermis and submucosa tissue of cholesteatoma. In epidermis, the positive cells were few in number and scattered here and there, however a large number of positive cells were present in the submucosa. In comparison, OKT8 positive cells were more predominate than OKT4 positive cells. According to the result of the this study, we consider that LCs and T lymphocyte interplay for the production of prostaglandins and lymphokines, which may play an important role in mastoid bone destruction.
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PMID:[Research on the mechanism of epidermal Langerhans cells on bone destruction in cholesteatoma]. 209 45

A combined histologic, immunohistologic, enzyme histochemical, and immunologic study has been carried out in a 7-year-old girl with recurring extramediastinal monocentric giant lymph node hyperplasia of hyaline-vascular type. A large panel of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies to lymphoid and nonlymphoid cell markers were tested on frozen and paraffin-embedded lymph node tissue as well as on cell suspension and peripheral blood. Tissue enzyme histochemical study, including a conventional hematologic panel, was performed on frozen and plastic-embedded sections. The pattern was dominated by nodular aggregates of round BA-1+ Leu-14+ HLA-DR+ ATPase+ lymphocytes with polyclonal sIgD and sIgM positivity and lacking cIg and BA-2 staining. Leu-1+/Leu-4+, OKT6+, OKT10+, Leu-7+, and CALLA+ cells were few or absent in the nodules, whereas DRC-1+ BA-2+ HLA-DR+ 5'-Nuc+ cells formed a dendritic network in the outer portion of the nodules. No immunoreactivity for lymphoid and nonlymphoid cell markers, including cytokeratin and keratin, was detected in centrinodular histiocytic-like cells. Particularly, the Hassall's-like structures contained a target-like positivity for laminin, and consisted of flattened acid phosphatase (AP), alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE), 5'-nucleotidase (5'-Nuc), and adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) positive cells, whose enzyme profile overlapped with that of the histiocytic-like cells. The extranodular areas were mainly composed of Leu-1+/Leu-4+ lymphocytes with Leu-3a+/OKT4+ phenotype and, to a lesser extent, of OKT6+ OKT10+ lymphoid cells and scattered cells with markers of histiocytic lineage. The abundant vascular component was generally identified by laminin positivity and, in smaller proportion, it was positive for Factor VIII-related antigen. Most of the medium-sized vessels with high endothelium had marked AP, ANAE, and ATPase activities. The process observed resulted from vascularized nodular aggregates of nontransformed B-cells with the phenotype of primary follicle lymphocytes, associated to centrinodular histiocytic-like cells with a distinct enzyme profile.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical, enzyme histochemical, and immunologic features of giant lymph node hyperplasia of the hyaline-vascular type. 242 88

Langerhans cells (LCs) have been identified in human skin by 10 weeks estimated gestational age (EGA), but it was not known when they first enter the epidermis or acquire HLA-DR, OKT-6, and ATPase reactivity. We assayed for LCs in human embryonic and fetal skin by using immunolabeling and histochemical techniques on epidermal sheets. HLA-DR+ and ATPase+ LCs were present in the epidermis by 6-7 weeks EGA, the youngest tissue examined. Most LCs were OKT-6- until about 12 weeks EGA when they underwent a dramatic increase in OKT-6 reactivity. Although LC densities between 50-100 days were statistically similar (100 cells/mm2 of epidermis), LCs early in development were smaller, less dendritic, and phenotypically heterogeneous. We conclude that LCs migrate into the epidermis during the first trimester and resemble the adult phenotype by the second trimester, long before the immune system is fully activated.
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PMID:Ontogeny of Langerhans cells in human embryonic and fetal skin: expression of HLA-DR and OKT-6 determinants. 242 3

Three different surface markers (OKT6, HLA-DR, and adenosinetriphosphatase) were compared to identify Langerhans' cells, and the changes in number and morphology of these cells were studied at different intervals after irradiation of human skin by a 2.5-fold minimal erythema dose of ultraviolet A. Morphologic alteration and decreased surface-marker reactivity became evident on day 2 and were most pronounced on day 3 or day 4 (injury phase). The recovery phase started between day 4 and 1 week and was complete by 3 weeks. HLA-DR+/OKT6- (DR+T6-) cells were present at all time intervals. The ratio of these cells to the sum of DR+T6- and DR+T6+ cells was 0.3% before irradiation, reached a peak of 65.4% at day 4, and decreased to 0.6% by 3 weeks.
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PMID:Quantitative and morphologic changes of Langerhans' cells after ultraviolet A irradiation of human epidermis. 244 92

To determine whether the mononuclear cells (MC) and multinucleated giant cells (GC) of giant cell tumor of tendon sheath (GCTTS) exhibit evidence of monocyte/macrophage lineage, we studied their antigenic features (seven cases, paraffin sections; two cases, frozen sections) and enzymatic features in situ (four cases, plastic sections). Both MC and GC expressed a monocyte/macrophage phenotype: HLA-A,B,C+, HLA-DR+, T200+ (leukocyte common antigen), Leu-M3+ and Leu-3+. MC and GC also expressed similar enzymatic phenotypes which resembled that of osteoclasts. Both were rich in acid phosphatase and contained smaller, variable amounts of ATPase, beta-glucuronidase, alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase, and 5'-nucleotidase. Both lacked alkaline phosphatase. Reactive osteoclasts in plastic and paraffin sections were also T200+, a finding strongly supporting their bone marrow derivation and leukocytic differentiation. In plastic sections, osteoclasts were additionally reactive with macrophage antigen EBM11. In aggregate, these data suggest that GCTTS is a true histiocytic lesion of monocyte/macrophage lineage composed of phenotypically similar MC and GC that most closely resemble osteoclasts. We found no evidence that GCTTS cells resemble osteoblasts, fibroblasts, or synovial sarcoma cells. Furthermore, expression of the Ki-67 nuclear antigen by 1-2% of MC but not by GC suggests that the proliferating cells in GCTTS are restricted to its MC component.
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PMID:The cells of giant cell tumor of tendon sheath resemble osteoclasts. 283 1

The relationship between T nodules and adjacent B-lymphoid follicles was investigated in 37 reactive lymph nodes by light microscopy and combined enzyme immunohistochemistry. In 16 cases (43%), T nodules and adjacent B-lymphoid follicles were unified in an ovoid, distinct nodular structure termed a "composite nodule." The composite nodule comprises two separate domains. The peripheral, subcapsular B domain contains all stationary and migratory elements of the B-lymphoid follicle, ie, B1+ B-cells, OKT4+, Leu 3a+ helper/inducer T cells, HLA-DR+ dendritic reticulum cells, and ANAE+, AcPhase+ tangible body macrophages and is surrounded by a B1+, HLA-DR+ lymphocytic corona displaying focal adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) and alkaline phosphatase (AlkPhase) activity. The deep, paracortical T-domain contains all elements of the T nodule, ie, OKT4+, Leu3a+ helper/inducer T cells, high endothelial venules and HLA-DR+, ATPase+ interdigitating reticulum cells. The composite nodule is surrounded by a rim of ATPase+, AlkPhase+ high endothelial venules. Both domains are subject to changes in volume; thus, in follicular hyperplasia, the B domain enlarges at the cost of the T domain, and the reverse may occur in T-zone hyperplasia. Based on the striking resemblance between the composite nodule and the white pulp of the spleen, it is suggested that the composite nodule plays a major role in the triggering, helper-T-cell-dependent stimulation and subsequent maturation of antigen-responsive B cells into antibody-secreting plasma cells.
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PMID:The composite nodule. A structural and functional unit of the reactive human lymph node. 293 88

Immunohistological analysis of experimental gingivitis in humans was carried out to provide a baseline for the study of immunoregulatory mechanisms in chronic inflammatory periodontal disease. Using a panel of monoclonal antibodies in an avidin biotin immunoperoxidase technique, T cell subsets were identified and the pattern of Class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens determined. Twenty third-year dental students took part in the study. Following the cessation of oral hygiene procedures, gingival biopsies were taken from each of five students at days 0, 4, 8 and 21 during the development of the inflammatory lesion. Each student had one biopsy which healed uneventfully. The T4:T8 ratio showed only slight variation over the time course of the lesion varying from 2.18:1 at day 0 to 2.48:1 at day 4. At all stages the T cells displayed both HLA-DR and HLA-DQ antigens, but less than 10% had detectable IL-2 receptors. The predominant macrophage population was acid phosphatase + ve, adenosine triphosphatase -ve, HLA-DR+ and HLA-DQ+ antigens suggesting an activated phagocytic population. During the development of the lesion, the number of intraepithelial Langerhans cells (T6+) increased but there appeared to be a discrepancy between HLA-DR and HLA-DQ expression on these cells. Similarly, the keratinocytes expressed HLA-DR but failed to express HLA-DQ at any stage. These results suggest that the developing gingival lesion is a well controlled lesion and follows a similar pattern to a controlled delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) response.
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PMID:Immunohistological analysis of experimental gingivitis in humans. 328 Jan 78

Immunocytochemical and histochemical properties of macrophages present in the subcutaneous chronic inflammatory responses surrounding adult Onchocerca volvulus (nodules) in human tissues were examined. Macrophages with strong non-specific esterase (NSE) and acid phosphatase (AcPase) activities but weak adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity and HLA-DR expression (NSE+++, AcPase+++, ATPase-/+, HLA-DR-/+) were present in the centre of nodules. Many of the cells adhering to the surface of worms were NSE+++, AcPase+++, ATPase-, HLA-DR+++. The inner zone of the fibrous capsule of nodules contained macrophages with the profile NSE+++, AcPase-, ATPase-/+, HLA-DR-/+. A fourth type, NSE+++, AcPase-/+, ATPase-/+, HLA-DR+++, was located in the outer zone of the capsule, frequently within perivascular accumulations of macrophages, lymphocytes and plasma cells. Active fibroblasts were identified at the inner edge of the fibrous capsule by alkaline phosphatase staining. A feature of all nodules examined was the presence of lipid-filled macrophages, demonstrated by Oil Red O stain; these cells were usually situated in zones adjacent to the centre of nodules, and were of the NSE++, AcPase++, ATPase-/+, HLA-DR-/+ type. Lipid accumulation was not found to be related to the clinical status of the patients studied. The origin and functional significance of this lipid is unknown.
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PMID:A histocytochemical study of the macrophages present in tissue responses to adult Onchocerca volvulus. 344 Jul 61

We studied 67 patients with multiple contact allergies to determine whether there was an association of this state with any particular HLA antigen. HLA-A, -B and DR antigens were typed by standard serological methods. There was no significant HLA association, although there was an increased frequency of DR4 in those patients who included nickel as one of their sensitivities (64% compared with 33% in controls), and an increase in DR6 in those patients who included sensitivity to a rubber accelerator (45% compared with 16% in controls). However, when the probabilities were corrected for the number of HLA antigens tested and the number of substances in the patch test battery, these associations were no longer statistically significant. We also examined the morphology and numbers of Langerhans cells in epidermal sheets from six subjects with multiple allergies. There were no differences in appearance or numbers of Langerhans cells stained for ATPase, compared with 20 non-allergic controls.
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PMID:HLA antigens and Langerhans cell density in contact dermatitis. 349 Aug 76


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