Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.6.1.3 (ATPase)
 65,361 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Leukocyte Na-K ATPase was assessed in ten patients with anorexia nervosa. The indices of Na-K ATPase measured were 86Rb influx and [3H]-ouabain binding. Both 86Rb influx and [3H]-ouabain binding were significantly lower in patients with anorexia nervosa than in controls. Following weight gain (4.1 to 11.9 kg) in seven patients both 86Rb influx and [3H]-ouabain binding increased in each patient to levels similar to those in controls, although the patients still remained underweight. Acute oral glucose challenge (75 g) also resulted in an increase in 86Rb influx and [3H]-ouabain binding in each of the eight patients tested. There was a significant correlation between 86Rb influx and [3H]-ouabain binding. We conclude that the leukocytes of patients with anorexia nervosa have a significantly diminished number of Na-K ATPase units with a parallel decrease in 86Rb influx. Weight gain and acute glucose challenge result in an increase in both indices of Na-K ATPase. Nutrition appears to play an important role in the modulation of this enzyme.
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PMID:Diminished [3H] ouabain binding and 86Rb influx by leukocytes in anorexia nervosa. 283 93

The status of the erythrocyte sodium pump was evaluated in a group of patients suffering from anorexia nervosa and a group of healthy female control subjects. Anorectic patients showed significantly higher mean values of digoxin-binding sites/cell (ie, the number of Na-K-ATPase units) with respect to control subjects while no differences were found in the specific 86Rb uptake (which reflects the Na-K-ATPase activity) between the two groups. A significant correlation was found between relative weight and the number of Na-K-ATPase pump units (r = -0.66; P less than 0.0001). Anorectic patients showed lower serum T3 concentrations (71.3 +/- 53 ng/dL) with respect to control subjects (100.8 +/- 4.7 ng/dL; P less than 0.0005) and a significant negative correlation between T3 levels and the number of pump units (r = -0.52; P less than 0.003) was found. Our study therefore shows that the erythrocyte Na-K pump may be altered in several anorectic patients. We suggest that this feature could be interrelated with the degree of underweight and/or malnutrition.
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PMID:Altered erythrocyte Na-K pump in anorectic patients. 298 54

The number of erythrocyte Na,K-ATPase pump units has been found to be reduced in some populations of obese humans, but the effect of dietary factors upon the status of the erythrocyte pump has not been delineated. We have measured the number of Na,K-ATPase pump units by [3H]ouabain binding and the activity of the pump by ouabain-inhibitable 86rubidium uptake in response to nutritional maneuvers in several patient groups. There was no consistent change in the number or activity of Na,K-ATPase units in response to 1) an acute 600-cal meal, 2) a 3-day fast or refeeding after a fast in normal weight or obese subjects, 3) 2 weeks of hypocaloric (600 cal) feeding in obese subjects. Individuals with anorexia nervosa were also not significantly different from age- and sex-matched control subjects with respect to the erythrocyte Na,K pump. It is concluded that the circulating erythrocyte does not regulate the number or activity of Na,K pump units in response to short or medium term nutritional maneuvers. Differences between obese and thin populations with respect to the Na,K pump are not likely to be secondary to nutritional differences between the two groups.
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PMID:Effect of diet upon the erythrocyte Na,K pump. 630 Jan 64

The effects of cachexia on the neuromuscular system were investigated in ten young women with anorexia nervosa and in two patients with hysteric neurosis. Ten women, matched for age and height, served as controls. A neurologic examination was performed on all subjects and sensory and motor neurographic recordings were carried out in the upper and lower limbs. Biopsies from the vastus lateralis muscle were stained for myofibrillar ATPase activity and the size and distribution of both histochemical fiber types (types 1 and 2) were determined. Both types of muscle fibers were found to be significantly reduced in size in the cachectic patients but there was a predominant affection of the type 2 fibers. The average numerical distribution of fiber types was almost identical in the two groups. By subjective evaluation, four of the cachectic patients revealed small groups of angulated atrophic fibers, resembling denervation atrophy. Fiber necroses and other myopathic changes were not seen. Although the nerve conduction velocities (NCV) were within normal range in all cases, the motor NCV was generally slower in the cachectic patients than in the controls. The sensory NCV, on the other hand, was almost identical in the two groups. Five of the patients with anorexia nervosa and both cases with hysteric neurosis had clinical signs of a very mild sensory polyneuropathy. These seven cases had a lower body-mass index than the others and both types of muscle fibers and muscle responses were somewhat smaller in these cases. The sensory NCV did not differ from those of the other patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:The neuromuscular system in patients with anorexia nervosa: electrophysiological and histologic studies. 649 99

Competitive rhythmic sportive gymnastics have been accused of promoting an unphysiologic weight reduction which may progress to manifest anorexia nervosa. In this study, eight young female gymnasts who represented Norway in the European Championships in Rhythmic Sportive Gymnastics 1982 were examined for evidence of malnutrition. Ten girls, matched for age and height, served as controls. The examination included registration of anthropometric data (height, weight, and body-mass index), motor and sensory neurography and biopsies of the vastus lateralis muscle with exact measurements of muscle fibre areas on sections stained for myofibrillar ATPase activity. The mean body weight of the gymnasts did not differ from that of the control group or of a large series of age matched Norwegian females. This finding excludes the possibility of general malnutrition among the examined gymnasts. Muscle fibres of both types 1 and 2 were found to be smaller in the gymnasts than in the controls, with values of 3,404 microns2 vs 3,811 microns2 for type-1 fibres and 2,985 microns2 vs 3,942 microns2 for type-2 fibres respectively. Although contradictory to most previous reports, this finding suggests that the reduction in fibre size among the gymnasts might be an effect of physical training. There were some differences in neurographic parameters between the groups, but the mean values were all within normal ranges. The motor nerve conduction velocity in the proximal segments of the median and ulnar nerves was significantly slower in the gymnasts and, as a possible consequence of smaller muscle fibres, the motor responses were generally less in this group.
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PMID:Are young female gymnasts malnourished? An anthropometric, electrophysiological, and histological study. 654 Jun 76

A 32 year old woman with a history of anorexia nervosa began experiencing severe muscle weakness. Proximal weakness was worse than distal and she became unable to walk. Serum creatine kinase was elevated 15-fold and EMG was consistent with a myopathic process. Muscle biopsy showed focal areas of absent staining using NADH and ATPase enzyme histochemistry. Gomori trichrome revealed many positive inclusions which were positive using immunohistochemistry for actin. Electron microscopy revealed these areas to contain cytoid bodies with Z-band streaming and disorganization of the myofibrillar network. These findings are consistent with the myopathy associated with ipecac (emetine) toxicity. A urine toxicology screen demonstrated evidence of emetine abuse, which was later admitted by the patient. Following discontinuation of the drug, the patient recovered normal muscle strength.
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PMID:Case of the month. June 1996--anorexia nervosa. 894 26

The isoprenoid pathway produces an endogenous membrane Na+-K+ ATPase inhibitor, digoxin, which can regulate neurotransmitter and amino acid transport. Digoxin synthesis and neurotransmitter patterns were assessed in eating disorders. The patterns were compared in those with right hemispheric and left hemispheric dominance. The serum HMG CoA reductase activity, RBC membrane Na+-K+ ATPase activity, serum digoxin, magnesium, tryptophan catabolites (serotonin, quinolinic acid, strychnine, and nicotine), and tyrosine catabolites (morphine, dopamine, and noradrenaline) were measured in anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, right hemispheric dominant, left hemispheric dominant, and bihemispheric dominant individuals. Digoxin synthesis was increased with upregulated tryptophan catabolism and downregulated tyrosine catabolism in those with anorexia nervosa and right hemispheric chemical dominance. Digoxin synthesis was reduced with downregulated tryptophan catabolism and upregulated tyrosine catabolism in those with bulimia nervosa and left hemispheric chemical dominance. The membrane Na+-K+ ATPase activity and serum magnesium were decreased in anorexia nervosa and right hemispheric chemical dominance while they were increased in bulimia nervosa and left hemispheric chemical dominance. Hypothalamic digoxin and hemispheric chemical dominance play a central role in the regulation of eating behavior. Anorexia nervosa represents the right hemispheric chemically dominant/hyperdigoxinemic state and bulimia nervosa the left hemispheric chemically dominant/hypodigoxinemic state.
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PMID:Hypothalamic digoxin, hemispheric chemical dominance, and eating behavior. 1288 26

Autosis is a distinct form of cell death that requires both autophagy genes and the Na+,K+-ATPase pump. However, the relationship between the autophagy machinery and Na+,K+-ATPase is unknown. We explored the hypothesis that Na+,K+-ATPase interacts with the autophagy protein Beclin 1 during stress and autosis-inducing conditions. Starvation increased the Beclin 1/Na+,K+-ATPase interaction in cultured cells, and this was blocked by cardiac glycosides, inhibitors of Na+,K+-ATPase. Increases in Beclin 1/Na+,K+-ATPase interaction were also observed in tissues from starved mice, livers of patients with anorexia nervosa, brains of neonatal rats subjected to cerebral hypoxia-ischemia (HI), and kidneys of mice subjected to renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI). Cardiac glycosides blocked the increased Beclin 1/Na+,K+-ATPase interaction during cerebral HI injury and renal IRI. In the mouse renal IRI model, cardiac glycosides reduced numbers of autotic cells in the kidney and improved clinical outcome. Moreover, blockade of endogenous cardiac glycosides increased Beclin 1/Na+,K+-ATPase interaction and autotic cell death in mouse hearts during exercise. Thus, Beclin 1/Na+,K+-ATPase interaction is increased in stress conditions, and cardiac glycosides decrease this interaction and autosis in both pathophysiological and physiological settings. This crosstalk between cellular machinery that generates and consumes energy during stress may represent a fundamental homeostatic mechanism.
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PMID:Interaction between the autophagy protein Beclin 1 and Na+,K+-ATPase during starvation, exercise, and ischemia. 3194 41