Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.5.4.4 (adenosine deaminase)
 5,136 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Sixteen children with high risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who had one or more of the following risk factors: white cell count over 50 X 10(9)/liter, mediastinal mass, age under 2 or over 10 years, extramedullary involvement, or T-cell markers, were treated by a new protocol. All attained complete remission and 11 are still in their continuous first remission for 6-53 months. High activity of adenosine deaminase (ADA) in the leukemic cells seems to be an independent risk factor, as in the high ADA level group, 4 out of 7 patients relapsed and died, while none of the 8 patients with low ADA levels relapsed or died.
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PMID:Results of treatment of high risk childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. 657 79

When a patient with an undiagnosed pleural effusion is evaluated, the first question to answer is whether the patient has a transudate or an exudate. This is best done using Light's criteria, but these criteria occasionally misidentify a transudate as an exudate. If the patient's pleural fluid meets exudative criteria, but the patient appears clinically to have a transudative effusion, then the serum-pleural fluid albumin gradient should be measured. If this is greater than 1.2 g-dL-1, the patient probably does have a transudative effusion. If the patient has an exudative pleural effusion, additional tests are indicated to determine the aetiology of the effusion. The gross appearance and the odour of the pleural fluid should be noted and samples of all exudates should be sent for bacterial cultures. Laboratory tests that are useful in the differential diagnosis of exudative pleural effusions include: differential white cell count of the pleural fluid; cytology of the pleural fluid; and levels of adenosine deaminase, glucose, amylase and lactate dehydrogenase in the pleural fluid. If pleural tuberculosis is suspected, a needle biopsy of the pleura is indicated. Thoracoscopy is very efficient at diagnosing malignant pleural effusion and tuberculosis pleuritis, but rarely establishes any other diagnosis.
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PMID:Diagnostic principles in pleural disease. 904 52

Diagnosis of pleural effusion is difficult in children. The etiologies are numerous; however, infectious agents are more frequent. Thoracocentesis proves to be the first-line diagnostic tool. Light's criteria are the best for distinguishing whether the effusion is a transudate or an exudate. If the patient has an exudative pleural effusion, other tests are indicated to determine the etiology and in some cases the treatment: macroscopic appearance, cytology and differential white cell count (level of glucose, lactate dehydrogenase, adenosine deaminase, pH, bacterial cultures). Others investigations--biopsy of pleura by thoracoscopy or video-assisted thoracoscopy, bronchofibroscopy, CT scan--are sometimes useful. Intrapleural instillation of urokinase appears to be useful and safe. Evaluation is necessary for video-assisted thoracoscopy used early.
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PMID:[Pleurisy: diagnostic and therapeutic management]. 1079 45