Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.5.4.4 (adenosine deaminase)
 5,136 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

1. The haemoglobin content of developing erythroblasts was shown to increase rapidly when the cells completed the final cell division of erythroid development and passed from the dividing into the non-dividing cell compartment. 2. The activity of carbonic anhydrase was measured and shown to increase continually throughout erythroid differentiation. The activity increased most rapidly in the polychromatic stage. 3. Catalase activity did not increase significantly during erythroid differentiation until the reticulocyte stage. 4. The activity of four enzymes, glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, adenosine deaminase and nucleoside phosphorylase, exhibited a similar pattern of change during erythroid differentiation. In the dividing cell compartment their activity was relatively high but exhibited a steep decline between the polychromatic stage and the orthochromatic stage, that is, as the cell completed its final cell division and moved from the dividing to the non-dividing compartment. After this the activity of these enzymes was stabilized at a relatively low value, and this activity persisted at such a value until the reticulocyte stage. 5. Lactate dehydrogenase activity also declined after the cell had crossed from the dividing into the non-dividing stage, but in this case the decline was less than in the case of the above four enzymes. 6. Adenylate kinase activity was relatively constant in the dividing cell compartment but exhibited a 60 percent increase when the cell passed from the dividing into the non-dividing compartment. 7. The cessation of cell division appears to coincide with a set of complex biochemical changes.
 ...
PMID:Biochemical and enzymic changes during erythrocyte differentiation. The significance of the final cell division. 80

Thymic nurse cells (TNC) were characterized according to their enzyme content. The following enzymes: Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) isoenzymes, adenosine deaminase (ADA) and purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) were evaluated. When the enzyme profile of the TNC were compared with the one found in the different thymocyte subpopulations, the ADA/PNP ratio was very low and similar to the early thymocytes, whereas the LDH isoenzymes approached the pattern of the cortical thymocytes. This enzyme profile suggests that the enzyme content of the TNC is dependent on the presence of at least two different thymocyte subpopulations, the early thymocytes and the cortical thymocytes.
 ...
PMID:Enzyme analysis of thymic nurse cells. 314 Apr 33

When a suspension of rabbit proximal tubules is subjected to anoxia, ATP falls by 80-90% during 40 min of anoxia, and upon reoxygenation (reox) the cells only recover 25-50% of their initial ATP. Addition of Mg-ATP (magnesium chloride-treated ATP), Mg-ADP, or Mg-AMP (five aliquots of 200 nmol/ml added 10 min apart) during anoxia causes complete recovery of ATP levels, and respiratory and transport function after 40 min of reox. Similar additions of adenosine (ADO), or inosine (INO), or Mg-ATP only during reox are less effective. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release after 40 min of anoxia is 30-40% under control conditions, only 10-15% when adenine nucleotides or ADO are added during anoxia, and 20% when INO is added, suggesting that these additions may stabilize the plasma membrane during anoxia and help preserve cellular integrity. During reox, recovery may depend on the entry of ATP precursors and, therefore, we explored the mechanism whereby exogenous ATP increases the intracellular ATP content. Additions of Mg-ATP, Mg-ADP, or Mg-AMP to continuously oxygenated tubules increase cellular ATP content three- to fourfold in 1 h. The added ATP and ADP are rapidly degraded to AMP, and more slowly to ADO, INO, and hypoxanthine. Furthermore, the ATP-induced increase in cellular ATP is abolished by the exogenous addition of adenosine deaminase, which converts extracellular ADO to INO. These results suggest that the increase in cellular ATP requires extracellular ADO. The ADO obtained from the breakdown of AMP may be preferentially transported into the renal cells to be resynthesized into cellular AMP and ATP.
 ...
PMID:Mechanisms whereby exogenous adenine nucleotides improve rabbit renal proximal function during and after anoxia. 335 Sep 72

Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), adenosine deaminase and thymidine phosphorylase activity was analyzed in the blood serum, primary tumor and adjacent uninvolved breast tissues from 49 women with adenocarcinoma and from 10 ones with benign adenofibroma. The LDH activity was increased in both cancerous and adjacent tissues. Serum LDH level reflects cell membrane alterations not only in the tumor node cells but also to a greater extent--in the surrounding unmalignant tissues. The discovered changes in nucleosides catabolic enzyme's activity in patients with breast cancer are correlated with LDH activity and its level in the blood serum.
 ...
PMID:[Lactate dehydrogenase, adenosine deaminase and thymidine phosphorylase activity of blood and tissues in breast cancer]. 2038 38

Ascites is the pathologic accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity. Because many diseases can cause ascites, in particular cirrhosis, samples of ascitic fluid are commonly analyzed in order to develop a differential diagnosis. The concept of transudate versus exudate, as determined by total protein measurements, is outdated and the use of serum-ascites albumin gradient as an indicator of portal hypertension is more accurate. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and other tumor markers can be helpful in distinguishing between malignant and benign conditions. Glucose and adenosine deaminase levels may support a diagnosis of tuberculous disease, and amylase level may indicate a diagnosis of pancreatitis. Given the specificity and sensitivity of laboratory results, accurate diagnosis should be based on both laboratory data and clinical judgment.
...
PMID:Ascitic Fluid Analysis in the Differential Diagnosis of Ascites: Focus on Cirrhotic Ascites. 2635 18

A recent study suggested that adenosine signaling pathway could promote hemolysis in patients with sickle cell anemia (SCA). This signaling pathway involves several gene coding enzymes for which variants have been described. In this study, we analyzed the genotype-phenotype relationships between functional polymorphisms or polymorphisms associated with altered expression of adenosine pathway genes, namely adenosine deaminase (ada; rs73598374), adenosine A2b receptor (adora2b; rs7208480), adenylyl cyclase6 (adcy6; rs3730071, rs3730070, rs7300155), and hemolytic rate in SCA patients. One hundred and fifty SCA patients were genotyped for adcy6, ada, and adora2b variants as well as alpha-globin gene, a genetic factor known to modulate hemolytic rate. Hematological and biochemical data were obtained at steady-state. Lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, reticulocytes and total bilirubin were used to calculate a hemolytic index. Genotype-phenotype relationships were investigated using parametric tests and multivariate analysis. SCA patients carrying at least one allele of adcy6 rs3730070-G exhibited lower hemolytic rate than non-carriers in univariate analysis (p=0.006). The presence of adcy6 rs3730070-G variant was associated with a decreased hemolytic rate in adjusted model for age and alpha-thalassemia (p=0.032). Our results support a protective effect of adcy6 rs3730070-G variant on hemolysis in SCA patients.
...
PMID:Association of adenylyl cyclase 6 rs3730070 polymorphism and hemolytic level in patients with sickle cell anemia. 2706 84