Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.5.4.4 (adenosine deaminase)
 5,136 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The level of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, soluble TNF receptors p75 (sTNFR-75) and sTNFR-55, interferon (IFN)-gamma, and interleukin (IL)-10 and IL-12 were measured in 59 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from 15 patients with tuberculous meningitis (TBM). TBM was associated with elevated concentrations of TNF-alpha, sTNFR-75, sTNFR-55, IFN-gamma, and IL-10, while CSF IL-12 was undetectable in all TBM patients. A significant correlation between cytokines and CSF adenosine deaminase activity was also found. The levels of TNF-alpha did not decrease over time, being still detectable in the CSF 16 months after starting antibiotic therapy, whereas IFN-gamma along with anti-inflammatory mediators sTNFR-75, sTNFR-55, and IL-10 remained elevated in the CSF for 4-8 months. The chronic release of cytokines in the CSF compartment was related neither to the TBM stage nor to the clinical outcome of the disease, thus suggesting the presence of a continuous activity of the inflammatory process at the site of infection.
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PMID:Cerebrospinal fluid cytokines in patients with tuberculous meningitis. 924 49

Recent reports have described purinergic modulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) signaling in neutrophils and astrocytes. In Sertoli cells, both TNF-R1 and TNF-R2 TNF-alpha receptors are present and this cytokine modulates many functions of these cells related to the maintenance of spermatogenesis. Sertoli cells express distinct purinoreceptors and previous work has shown that these cells secrete extracellular nucleotides and their metabolites. In this work, we studied the possible role of extracellular purines in TNF-alpha signaling in cultured Sertoli cells. This cytokine increased inosine concentration from 30 min to 6 h, with no effect at 24 h. Both TNF-alpha and inosine increased nitrite accumulation and nitric oxide synthase activity. Erythro-9-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl)adenine (EHNA), an adenosine deaminase inhibitor, abolished the TNF-alpha induced inosine increase, nitrite accumulation and nitric oxide synthase activity. These results suggest that extracellular inosine acts as intermediary in TNF-alpha stimulated nitric oxide production in cultured Sertoli cells.
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PMID:Extracellular inosine participates in tumor necrosis factor-alpha induced nitric oxide production in cultured Sertoli cells. 1632 64