Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.5.4.4 (adenosine deaminase)
 5,136 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Human adenosine deaminase (ADA; EC 3.5.4.4) consists of three isoenzymes: ADA1, ADA1+CP, and ADA2. We developed an electrophoretic technique to distinguish between these three isoenzymes. The isoenzyme pattern was studied in tissue and cell homogenates, as well as in serum from normal subjects and from patients with increased serum ADA who had either hepatitis, infectious mononucleosis, tuberculosis, pneumonia, rheumatoid arthritis, or acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The highest ADA activity was found in lymphocytes and monocytes. ADA2 could be detected only in monocytes (18% of total ADA activity). It was also the predominant isoenzyme in the sera of controls and all disease groups, except for ALL--the only condition evaluated that is not of an inflammatory nature. We conclude that serum ADA reflects monocyte/macrophage activity or turnover in most diseases studied. The exception is ALL, where serum ADA most probably originates from lymphocyte precursors.
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PMID:Serum adenosine deaminase: isoenzymes and diagnostic application. 162 98

Adenosine deaminase (adenosine aminohydrolase, EC 3.5.4.4; ADA) activity is widely distributed in human tissues and is highest in lymphoid tissues. Two ADA isozymes are known as ADA1 and ADA2. Human tissue extracts contained ADA1 predominantly. Meanwhile, ADA2 was the main component of serum ADA. ADA activity was significantly elevated in the sera from patients with hepatic diseases, hematological malignancies and infectious diseases. Serum concentrations of ADA1 were high in patients with acute leukemias, chronic myeloid blast crisis leukemia and acute liver injury. Serum ADA2 levels were raised in patients with adult T-cell leukemia, multiple myeloma (B-J type), infectious mononucleosis, rubella, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, chronic hepatic diseases and tuberculosis. It is supposed that ADA1 is derived mainly from injured tissues or cells while ADA2 comes from stimulated T-cells.
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PMID:[Adenosine deaminase]. 760 76