Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.5.1.5 (urease)
 7,257 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The number of strains of Proteus studied was 413, and these were obtained from all clinical materials with the exception of fecal specimens. Lactose was fermented by 37 strains (P. inconstans, 29%; P. rettgeri, 16%; P. mirabilis, 4.2%; P. morganii, 3.6%; and P. vulgaris, 0%) of which 33 were from the genitourinary system. These 33 strains constituted 12.7% of the 260 strains isolated from this source. Biochemically, P. mirabilis was the least variable, and P. rettgeri was the most variable of the five species of Proteus tested. P. inconstans and P. rettgeri resembled each other more closely than any of the other species of Proteus. Comparison of results obtained in the Memphis area with those found in other locations showed that biochemical characteristics varied most with the substances citrate, salicin, xylose, trehalose, and mannitol. In contrast to earlier reports from Israel and England, none of the strains of P. inconstans in the present study was able to attack urea. All five species of Proteus tested (by the disc method) were highly susceptible to methenamine mandelate. P. mirabilis, P. morganii, and P. vulgaris were also highly susceptible to nitrofurantoin. All strains of P. mirabilis were susceptible to ampicillin. P. inconstans was the most resistant species of Proteus. Of the other 356 urease-positive strains tested, 79% were susceptible to chloramphenicol, whereas only 3.8% of the 56 urease-negative strains (P. inconstans) were susceptible. When tested with streptomycin, 61% of urease-positive strains were susceptible and 1.8% of the urease-negative strains were susceptible. Of 36 lactose-positive strains, 33.8% were susceptible to chloramphenicol, whereas 72.8% of all lactose-negative strains were susceptible. Again, of the lactose-positive strains, 17% were susceptible to streptomycin, whereas 56.3% of all lactose-negative strains were susceptible.
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PMID:Metabolic variations of Proteus in the Memphis area and other geographical areas. 566 11

Weanling or adult (9 wk old) rats were fed diets containing 0, 250 or 500 g lactose/kg for 10 days, after which the activities of six caecal microbial enzymes (azoreductase, beta-glucosidase, beta-glucuronidase, nitrate reductase, nitroreductase and urease) were determined. Adult controls had larger caeca than weanlings, but the numbers of bacteria were not significantly different. Expressed in relation to body weight, caecal microbial enzyme activities were significantly lower in adult controls, with the exceptions of beta-glucuronidase and urease. Lactose caused caecal enlargement; this was greatest in weanling animals, which also showed a decreased concentration of bacteria. Lactose increased total nitrate reductase and urease activities in both age groups, but decreased total azoreductase and nitroreductase activities in weanlings. Enzyme activities per 10(9) bacteria were decreased for azoreductase, beta-glucosidase, beta-glucuronidase and nitroreductase in both age groups, while urease activity increased. Azoreductase and nitroreductase activities were highly correlated but nitrate reductase and urease did not correlate significantly with any other enzyme activity.
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PMID:Dietary lactose and the metabolic activity of the caecal microfloras of weanling and adult rats. 642 83

Lactose-positive Vibrio is a recently recognized marine organism that has pathogenic potential for humans. An organism was isolated from the sputum and blood of a man who was resuscitated after drowning in the sea. The isolates from both sources had the characteristics of lactose-positive Vibrio, which include positive oxidase, citrate, indole, and o-nitrophenyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside reactions and negative Voges-Proskauer, urease, and sucrose reactions. Seawater samples from 21 sites around Galveston Island were cultured for lactose-positive Vibrio over a period of 4 weeks, and 36% of the samples yielded the organism. The environmental isolates were very similar to the clinical isolates in biochemical reactions and susceptibility to antimicrobial agents. The results indicate that lactose-positive Vibrio is a common organism in the marine environment and that it should be considered in the diagnosis of infections, including pneumonia, associated with exposure to the sea.
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PMID:Lactose-positive Vibrio in seawater: a cause of pneumonia and septicemia in a drowning victim. 738 Oct 3

Oral lactose-ureide is resistant to human digestive enzymes, but is fermented by the colonic microflora. Nine normal adults consuming a diet which provided 36 g of protein/day were given oral doses of lactose-[(13)C]ureide and lactose-[(15)N,(15)N]ureide. The appearance on breath of (13)CO(2) derived from lactose-[(13)C]ureide was followed for 48 h. The fate of (15)N derived from lactose-[(15)N, (15)N]ureide was determined by measuring the recovery of (15)N in stools and urine in various forms. About 80% of the label given as lactose-[(13)C]ureide was recovered on the breath, and about 80% of label given as lactose-[(15)N,(15)N]ureide was not recovered in stool, indicating that 80% of the dose was completely fermented. At least 5% of the labelled urea was absorbed and excreted as the intact molecule. Of the (15)N derived from lactose-[(15)N, (15)N]ureide and available for further metabolic interaction, 67% was retained and 33% was excreted in urine. The time taken for [(15)N,(15)N]urea to appear in urine was similar for all subjects, but the appearance of either (13)CO(2) on the breath or [(15)N, (14)N]urea in urine varied. It is concluded that the hydrolysis of the sugar-urea bond may reflect oro-caecal transit time, but that other factors related to colonic bacterial metabolism determine the duration and extent of hydrolysis of urea by urease enzymes. Lactose-ureide can be used to probe the metabolic activity of the colonic microflora in normal individuals.
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PMID:Metabolism of lactose-[13C]ureide and lactose-[15N,15N]ureide in normal adults consuming a diet marginally adequate in protein. 1054 5