Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.5.1.5 (urease)
 7,257 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effect of LC(50) and a sublethal concentration of lead nitrate on the activities of alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, glucose-6-phosphatase, lipase and urease in the kidneys and ovaries of a teleost fish, Channa punctatus has been examined after 96 hr and 30 days respectively. The results show that all the five enzymes in the two tissues are inhibited significantly at both the experimental stages. However, the inhibition produced after 30 days by the sublethal concentration ish higher indicating the cumulative action of lead. Further, the inhibition of enzymes is, more marked in kidney than in the ovary.
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PMID:Effects of lead nitrate on the activities of a few enzymes in the kidney and ovary Heteropneustes fossillis. 22

The role of urease in induction of pyelonephritis was studied by treatment of proteus-infected rats with acetohydroxamic acid, a potent inhibitor of urease. Infection was produced by introduction of Proteus mirabilis into the bladder along with a zinc disk. Controls were treated identically but received no acetohydroxamic acid. The number of bacteria per milliliter of urine was the same in both groups. The number of bacteria in the kidneys and the extent of renal damage was much greater in controls. Common enterobacteraceal antigen was not detected in the renal parenchyma of rats treated with acetohydroxamic acid. Treatment with acetohydroxamic acid thus prevented invasion of and damage to kidney tissue without reduction of urinary infection. Thus new evidence was found that the invasive properties of Proteus in the urinary tract are dependent on alkalinization of urine by urease and the resulting damage to the renal epithelium.
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PMID:Role of urease in pyelonephritis resulting from urinary tract infection with Proteus. 23 93

Hydroxamic acids have been reported to be potent and specific inhibitors of urease (EC 3.5.1.5) activity of plant and bacterial origin. The present investigation was performed on the inhibitory effect of hydroxamic acid derivatives of naturally occurring amino acids on the urease activity of the Jack Bean and the alimentary tracts of rats. Methionine-hydroxamic acid was the most powerful inhibitor (I50=3.9 X 10(-6) M) among nineteen alpha-aminoacyl hydroxamic acids. Phenylalanine-, serine-, alanine-, glycine-, histidine-, threonine-, leucine-, and arginine-hydroxamic acids followed, in order of decreasing inhibitory power. The inhibition proceeded with time at a comparable rate to fatty acyl hydroxamic acid inhibition. The I50 values of alpha-aminoacyl hydroxamic acids were found to be almost equal to those of the corresponding fatty acyl hydroxamic acids. This fact shows that the alpha-amino group did not affect inhibitory power. However, aspartic-beta-, lysine-, and glutamic-gamma-hydroxamic acids, in descending order, were much less inhibitory, probably due to the presence of a carboxyl or omega-amino group. Furthermore, the pH optimum of the inhibition shifted to lower pH in the presence of a carboxyl group, and to a higher pH in e presence of an amino group. The results suggest that the dissociation of an acidic or a basic group reduces the inhibitory power of hydroxamic acid. Hydroxamic acid inhibits urease activity with strict specificity, excpet for aspartic-beta-hydroxamic acid, which inhibited asparaginase competitively. Hydroxamic acid derivatives of amino acids inhibited not only the urease activity of the Jack Bean, but also that of the caecum and ileum parts of the rat intestine.
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PMID:Inhibition of urease activity by hydroxamic acid derivatives of amino acids. 23 68

The investigation demonstrates the usefulness of a radiometric urease test in the rapid detection of Haemophilus influenzae in cerebrospinal fluid specimens. The test is simple and economical to perform and results are obtained within a one hour incubation period.
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PMID:Radiometric detection of Haemophilus influenzae in cerebrospinal fluid specimens. 30 14

The biochemical characteristics of 464 strains of Haemophilus influenzae and 83 strains of Haemophilus parainfluenzae isolated over an 18-month period are described. Of 22 characteristics obtained, only 6 were necessary to biochemically identify and biotype the isolates. The key substrates or tests were urease, ornithine, indole, o-nitrophenyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside, sucrose, and xylose. Five biotypes of H. influenzae and four of H. parainfluenzae were commonly recognized. Some strains were encountered which could not be accommodated in the recognized taxa but which constituted separate biotypes of the two species, H. influenzae biotype I was recovered principally from blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and upper respiratory secretion, and biotypes II and III were recovered from eye and sputum cultures. Biotype I was recovered primarily from children less than 1 year of age, whereas biotypes II and III were from persons 1 to 5 years old and from those over 20 years of age. Multiple isolates recovered from the same patient were almost always of the same biotype. Strains of H. parainfluenzae were isolated primarily from sputum, with others being isolated from body sources such as dental abscesses, gastric aspirates, and peritoneal fluid. An inverse relationship was noticed between hemolysis and mannose fermentation among H. parainfluenzae biotype III strains, whereas the relationship was absent among the other biotypes.
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PMID:Biotypes of Haemophilus encountered in clinical laboratories. 31 64

1. Urease from a sea urchin Lytechinus variegatus, was purified 300-fold, using heat precipitation, ethanol precipitation and gel filtration. 2. The pH optimum is 8.0. 3. The apparent Michaelis constant for urea is 0.13 mM at pH 8.0. 4. The inhibitory effects of seven reagents on urease were evaluated. The pattern of inhibition is similar to other invertebrate ureases. 5. L. variegatus urease is compared with that of several other invertebrates, and its possible significance in CaCO3 formation is discussed.
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PMID:Urease from a sea urchin Lytechinus variegatus: partial purification and kinetics. 31 93

Urethral swabs from 75 males with urethritis were extracted into tryptose phosphate broth and then equal aliquots were dispensed into vials containing sucrose phosphate buffer (2SP) and urease color test medium (U-9). No antibiotics were present in the media. After transport to the laboratory, the recovery of Chlamydia trachomatis and Ureaplasma urealyticum was evaluated after inoculation into McCoy's cell cultures and agar medium, respectively. C. trachomatis was recovered from significantly more patients (17 versus 12, P = 0.03) with higher inclusion counts (P less than 0.01) in specimens transported in 2SP as compared with those in U-9 medium. No significant differences between the isolation rate of U. urealyticum and that of Mycoplasma hominis were found with the two media. The rate of inactivation of C. trachomatis and U. realyticum at 4 C was examined by means of reference strains. The inactivation of C. trachomatis was similar in both 2SP and U-9 media, but the number of inclusions was consistently greater in the 2SP medium. In contrast, the number of colony-forming units of U. urealyticum actually increased over a 24-hour period in both media. We conclude that 2SP is the best medium for the combined recovery of C. trachomatis and genital Mycoplasma. The use of one transport medium and hence a single swab culture has the obvious advantages of saving time and expense for both physician and laboratory, and for the patient it will eliminate the possible discomfort of having multiple cultures taken.
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PMID:Recovery of Chlamydia and Genital Mycoplasma transported in sucrose phosphate buffer and urease color test medium. 31 81

The occurence of multiple biotypes of Klebsiella pneumoniae within single specimens was determined in 59 clinical specimens. Biotyping was performed on five colonies of K. pneumoniae from each specimen, using the API 20E system (Analytab, Inc., New York) for identification of Enterobacteriaceae with strict adherence to the manufacturer's instructions. Multiple biotypes of K. pneumoniae were present in 31% (18) of the clinical specimens. Twenty-eight colonies representative of specimens with single and multiple biotypes were tested further for biotype reproducibility. Whereas genus and species identification was 100% reproducible, variation of one or more biochemical tests on serial transfers resulted in biotype reproducibility of only 64%. The greatest variation in biochemical tests occurred with urease (14%), indole production (10%) and citrate utilization (9%). Multiple biotypes in single specimens appear to be due to both inherent differences among the colonies in the specimen and variability in the system used to determine biochemical reactions. The presence of multiple biotypes limits the usefulness of biochemical typing for epidemiological surveilance of K. pneumoniae.
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PMID:Multiple biotypes of Klebsiella pneumoniae in single clinical specimens. 31 11

Tests of the PathoTec system intended for express bacteriological diagnosis were checked in comparative experiments with the common biochemical methods. Cultures of the following microbes were used: Schigella, Salmonella, Escherichia, Citrobacter, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Proteus, Providencia, Pseudomonas, Bordetella, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus. In a number of tests, such as determination of cytochromoxidase, nitrate reduciase, phenylalaninedeaminase, indol, acetoin (for the differentiation of enterobacteria), detection of plasmocoagulation and mannite fermentation (for staphylococci) there was revealed a complete coincidence of the results. However, discrepancies were revealed with three of the reagents tested (for lysine decarboxylase, urease, citrate utilization) with regard to some groups of enterobacteria. The advantages of the PathoTec system consisted in more rapid results, simplicity of procedures, economy of media and ware.
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PMID:[Checking the reliability of the PathoTec biochemical test system for bacterial identification]. 32 64

A rapid and sensitive urease test for mycobacteria utilizing a cumulative radiometric technique is described. Definitive results were obtained within a 30-min incubation period. The procedure is simple and economical. Technical time involved is no greater than in conventional procedures.
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PMID:Rapid urease test for mycobacteria: preliminary observations. 32 30


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