Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:3.5.1.4 (deaminase)
5,113 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We examined the taxonomic position of seven Aeromonas isolates, recovered from Flemish and Scottish drinking water production plants and reservoirs, which were previously recognized by numerical analysis of genomic AFLP fingerprints as members of an unknown Aeromonas taxon that most closely resembled the species Aeromonas bestiarum (DNA hybridization group [HG] 2). The new phenotypic and DNA-DNA hybridization data obtained in this study show that the A. bestiarum-like strains constitute a separate Aeromonas species, for which the name Aeromonas popoffii sp. nov. is being proposed. The new species exhibited an internal DNA relatedness ranging from 79 to 100% and was 22 to 63% related to the type or reference strains of other Aeromonas spp. The highest DNA binding values were determined with A. bestiarum (51 to 63%), followed by Aeromonas hydrophila sensu stricto (HG1; 50 to 60%) and Aeromonas salmonicida (HG3; 39 to 55%). Although fingerprints generated by ribotyping and cellular fatty acid analysis often were highly similar, minor differences between the respective fingerprints were of significance for the differentiation of A. popoffii from its closest taxonomic neighbors, HG1, HG2, and HG3. Phenotypically, all seven strains of A. popoffii were positive for acid and gas production from D-glucose and glycerol, growth in KCN broth, arginine dihydrolase, DNase, Voges-Proskauer reaction, and resistance to vibriostatic agent O/129 and ampicillin but displayed negative reactions for production of urease, tryptophan deaminase, ornithine decarboxylase, and lysine decarboxylase (LDC). None of the strains displayed strong hemolytic activity. The lack of D-sucrose fermentation and LDC production and the ability to utilize DL-lactate as the sole energy and carbon source were useful characteristics for the biochemical separation of A. popoffii from A. bestiarum. Other Aeromonas spp. could be differentiated phenotypically from the new species by at least two features. The chromosomal G+C content of A. popoffii ranges from 57.7 to 59.6 mol%. Strain LMG 17541 is proposed as the type strain.
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PMID:Aeromonas popoffii sp. nov., a mesophilic bacterium isolated from drinking water production plants and reservoirs. 933 24

A facultatively anaerobic bacterium, designated strain COOI3B(T) (= ATCC BAA 136T = DSM 13966T), was isolated from the waters emitted by a bore well tapping the deep subterranean thermal waters of the Great Artesian Basin of Australia. The cells were straight to slightly curved rods (0.5-0.8 x 2-25 microm) that occurred singly and rarely in pairs or in chains. Strain COOI3B(T) was motile by peritrichous flagella. It stained gram-negative, but electron micrographs showed a gram-positive-type cell wall. Spores were never observed and cells were heat-sensitive. Yeast extract at 0.02% (w/v) was required for growth and could also be used as a sole carbon and energy source at concentrations higher than 0.1% (w/v). The strain utilized amorphous iron(III), manganese(IV), nitrate, nitrite and fumarate as electron acceptors in the presence of yeast extract, glucose, sucrose, fructose, maltose, xylose, starch, glycerol, ethanol or lactate. Electron acceptors were not obligately required and growth was better in the presence of nitrate than in its absence. Acid was not produced from growth on carbohydrates. Tryptophan deaminase, H2S, arginine dihydrolase, lysine decarboxylase, beta-galactosidase, arabinosidase, glucuronidase, glucosaminidase, nitroanilidase, xylosidase and ornithine decarboxylase were not produced. Starch and gelatin, but not casein, were hydrolysed. Aesculin and catalase, but not oxidase and urease, were produced. Strain COOI3B(T) grew optimally at temperatures between 37 and 40 degrees C (the temperature growth range was 25-45 degrees C) and at pH 7.0-9.0 (the pH growth range was 6.0 to 9.5) with 5% (w/v) NaCl (the NaCl concentration growth range was 0.9%, w/v). The DNA base composition was 43 +/- 1 mol % G+C. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that it was a member of the family Bacillaceae, Bacillus infernus and Bacillus firmus being the closest phylogenetic neighbours (having a mean similarity value of 96%); hence, strain COOI3B(T) is designated as a novel species, Bacillus subterraneus sp. nov.
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PMID:Bacillus subterraneus sp. nov., an iron- and manganese-reducing bacterium from a deep subsurface Australian thermal aquifer. 1205 51

In this study, the taxonomic positions of 19 Vibrio isolates disclosed in a previous study were evaluated. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA sequences partitioned these isolates into groups that were closely related (98.8-99.1 % similarity) to Vibrio pelagius and Vibrio xuii, respectively. DNA-DNA hybridization experiments further showed that these groups had <70 % similarity to other Vibrio species. Two novel Vibrio species are proposed to accommodate these groups: Vibrio fortis sp. nov. (type strain, LMG 21557(T)=CAIM 629(T)) and Vibrio hepatarius sp. nov. (type strain, LMG 20362(T)=CAIM 693(T)). The DNA G+C content of both novel species is 45.6 mol%. Useful phenotypic features for discriminating V. fortis and V. hepatarius from other Vibrio species include production of indole and acetoin, utilization of cellobiose, fermentation of amygdalin, melibiose and mannitol, beta-galactosidase and tryptophan deaminase activities and fatty acid composition.
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PMID:Vibrio fortis sp. nov. and Vibrio hepatarius sp. nov., isolated from aquatic animals and the marine environment. 1313 38

Halomonas boliviensis sp. nov. is proposed for two moderately halophilic, psychrophilic, alkalitolerant bacteria, LC1(T) (=DSM 15516(T)=ATCC BAA-759(T)) and LC2 (=DSM 15517=ATCC BAA-760), both of which were isolated from a soil sample around the lake Laguna Colorada, located at 4300 m above sea level in the south-west region of Bolivia. The bacteria are aerobic, motile, Gram-negative rods that produce colonies with a cream pigment. Moreover, they are heterotrophs that are able to utilize various carbohydrates as carbon sources. The organisms reduce nitrate and show tryptophan deaminase activity. The genomic DNA G+C contents were 51.4 mol% for isolate LC1(T) and 52.6 mol% for isolate LC2. Based on 16S rDNA sequence analysis, isolates LC1(T) and LC2 were identified as members of the genus Halomonas and clustered closely with Halomonas variabilis DSM 3051(T) and Halomonas meridiana DSM 5425(T). However, DNA-DNA relatedness between the new isolates and the closest related Halomonas species was low.
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PMID:Halomonas boliviensis sp. nov., an alkalitolerant, moderate halophile isolated from soil around a Bolivian hypersaline lake. 1514 14

A moderately halophilic, aerobic, motile, Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium (strain LV4(T)) was isolated from saline soil around the lake Laguna Verde in the Bolivian Andes. The organism is a heterotroph, able to utilize various carbohydrates as a carbon source. It showed tryptophan deaminase, oxidase and catalase activity, but was unable to produce indole or H(2)S; nitrate was not reduced. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 56.1 mol%. The pH range for growth was 5-10, temperature range was 0-45 degrees C and the range of NaCl concentrations was 0-25 % (w/v). On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain LV4(T) was found to be closely related to Chromohalobacter canadensis DSM 6769(T) and Pseudomonas beijerinckii DSM 7218(T); however, its DNA-DNA relatedness with these type strains was low. Strain LV4(T) resembled other Chromohalobacter species with respect to various physiological, biochemical and nutritional characteristics but also exhibited differences. Thus, a novel species, Chromohalobacter sarecensis sp. nov., is proposed, with LV4(T) (=CCUG 47987(T)=ATCC BAA-761(T)) as the type strain.
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PMID:Chromohalobacter sarecensis sp. nov., a psychrotolerant moderate halophile isolated from the saline Andean region of Bolivia. 1554 11

A pink-pigmented, facultatively methylotrophic bacterium, strain CBMB20T, isolated from stem tissues of rice, was analysed by a polyphasic approach. Strain CBMB20T utilized 1-aminocyclopropane 1-carboxylate (ACC) as a nitrogen source and produced ACC deaminase. It was related phylogenetically to members of the genus Methylobacterium. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain CBMB20T was most closely related to Methylobacterium fujisawaense, Methylobacterium radiotolerans and Methylobacterium mesophilicum; however, DNA-DNA hybridization values were less than 70 % with the type strains of these species. The DNA G+C content of strain CBMB20T was 70.6 mol%. The study presents a detailed phenotypic characterization of strain CBMB20T that allows its differentiation from other Methylobacterium species. In addition, strain CBMB20T is the only known member of the genus Methylobacterium to be described from the phyllosphere of rice. Based on the data presented, strain CBMB20T represents a novel species in the genus Methylobacterium, for which the name Methylobacterium oryzae sp. nov. is proposed, with strain CBMB20T (=DSM 18207T=LMG 23582T=KACC 11585T) as the type strain.
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PMID:Methylobacterium oryzae sp. nov., an aerobic, pink-pigmented, facultatively methylotrophic, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase-producing bacterium isolated from rice. 1726 73

Nitriles are important environmental compounds, both as natural products and industrial pollutants. Until now, there have been no data on the possibility of microbial nitrile degradation at high pH/salt conditions. Acetonitrile (CH(3)C(triple bond)N) is the simplest organic nitrile. Here, evidence is provided of microbial utilization of acetonitrile as a carbon, energy and nitrogen source at extremely high pH and moderate salinity. Positive enrichment cultures with acetonitrile at pH 10 and salt content equivalent to 0.6 M total Na(+) were obtained from mixed sediment samples from soda lakes, but not from soda soils. Purification of these cultures resulted in the isolation of two bacterial strains capable of growth with acetonitrile as sole carbon, energy and nitrogen source under haloalkaline conditions. Apart from acetonitrile, the bacteria also grew with propionitrile. Nitrile hydrolysis to acetamide was identified as the rate-limiting step of acetonitrile degradation via the nitrile hydratase/amidase pathway. The new bacteria belonged to moderately salt-tolerant obligate alkaliphiles with optimum growth at pH 10 and 0.5 M total Na(+). The cells were yellow-coloured due to a high concentration of carotenoids dominated by zeaxanthin. Phylogenetic analysis placed the isolates into a new lineage within the family Ectothiorhodospiraceae in the Gammaproteobacteria. On the basis of unique phenotypic properties and their separate phylogenetic position, the new bacteria are placed into a new genus and species for which the name Natronocella acetinitrilica gen. nov., sp. nov is proposed.
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PMID:Acetonitrile degradation under haloalkaline conditions by Natronocella acetinitrilica gen. nov., sp. nov. 1737 25

An enrichment culture from saline soda soils, using acetate as carbon and energy source and 2-phenylpropionitrile as nitrogen source (PPN) at pH 10, resulted in the isolation of strain ANL-alpha CH3. The strain was identified as a representative of the genus Halomonas in the Gammaproteobacteria. The bacterium was capable of PPN utilization as a nitrogen source only, while phenylacetonitrile (PAN) served both as carbon, energy and nitrogen source. This capacity was not described previously for any other haloalkaliphilic bacteria. Apart from the nitriles mentioned above, resting cells of ANL-alpha CH3 also hydrolyzed mandelonitrile, benzonitrile, acrylonitrile, and phenylglycinonitrile, presumably using nitrilase pathway. Neither nitrile hydratase nor amidase activity was detected. The isolate showed a capacity to grow with benzoate and salicylate as carbon and energy source and demonstrated the ability to completely mineralize PAN. These clearly indicated a potential to catabolize aromatic compounds. On the basis of unique phenotype and distinct phylogeny, strain ANL-alpha CH3 is proposed as a novel species of the genus Halomonas--Halomonas nitrilicus sp. nov.
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PMID:Utilization of arylaliphatic nitriles by haloalkaliphilic Halomonas nitrilicus sp. nov. isolated from soda soils. 1879 82

Enrichment with isobutyronitrile as the sole carbon, energy and nitrogen source at pH 10, using soda solonchak soils as an inoculum, resulted in the selection of a binary culture consisting of two different spore-forming phenotypes. One of them, strain ANL-iso4, was capable of growth with isobutyronitrile as a single substrate, while the other phenotype only utilized products of isobutyronitrile hydrolysis, such as isobutyroamide and isobutyrate. Strain ANL-iso4 is an obligate alkaliphile and a moderately salt-tolerant bacterium. Apart from isobutyronitrile, it grew on other (C3-C6) aliphatic nitriles at pH 10. Resting cells of ANL-iso4 actively hydrolyzed a number of aliphatic and arylaliphatic nitriles and their corresponding amides. The latter, together with the intermediate formation of amides during nitrile hydrolysis, indicated the presence of a nitrile hydratase/amidase system in the novel bacterium. Although present in an alkaliphilic bacterium, both nitrile- and amide-hydrolyzing activities had a pH optimum within the neutral range, probably due to their intracellular localization. On the basis of phenotypic and phylogenetic analyses, strain ANL-iso4 is proposed as a new species Bacillus alkalinitrilicus sp. nov.
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PMID:Utilization of aliphatic nitriles under haloalkaline conditions by Bacillus alkalinitrilicus sp. nov. isolated from soda solonchak soil. 1880 Oct 47

A novel bacterial strain, designated ANL-iso2(T), was obtained from an enrichment culture inoculated with a mixture of soda lake sediments by using isobutyronitrile (iBN) as the carbon, energy and nitrogen source at pH 10. The enrichment resulted in a stable binary culture containing iBN-degrading Gram-positive rods and a satellite Gram-negative gammaproteobacterium Marinospirillum sp. strain (ANL-isoa) scavenging the products of nitrile hydrolysis. Cells of the iBN-degrading strain, ANL-iso2(T), were short, non-motile, non-spore-forming rods. Strain ANL-iso2(T) was capable of utilizing propionitrile (C(3)), butyronitrile (C(4)), isobutyronitrile (C(4)), valeronitrile (C(5)) and capronitrile (C(6)) as the only growth substrate. Growth on nitriles was biphasic with fast initial hydrolysis of nitriles to the corresponding amides, carboxylic acids and ammonia and slow further utilization of these products resulting in biomass growth. Cells of strain ANL-iso2(T) grown with iBN were capable of extremely active hydration of a wide range of nitriles into the corresponding amides and much slower hydrolysis of these amides to the corresponding carboxylic acids. This indicated the presence of the nitrile hydratase/amidase pathway of nitrile degradation in the novel bacterium. Strain ANL-iso2(T) showed obligately alkaliphilic growth on iBN within the pH range 8.4-10.6, with optimum growth at 9.0-9.5. It was moderately salt-tolerant, with a salt range for growth of 0.1-2.0 M Na(+) and an optimum salt concentration for growth of 0.2-0.3 M. The dominant fatty acids in the polar lipids were C(16 : 0), iso-C(14), C(14 : 0), iso-C(16) and C(16 : 1)omega7. The cell wall contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid. Phylogenetic analysis placed strain ANL-iso2(T) within the class Actinobacteria as an independent lineage with only uncultured bacteria from soda lakes as its nearest relatives. On the basis of its unique phenotype and distinct phylogeny, strain ANL-iso2(T) is considered to represent a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Nitriliruptor alkaliphilus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the type species, Nitriliruptor alkaliphilus, is ANL-iso2(T) (=DSM 45188(T)=NCCB 100119(T)=UNIQEM U239(T)). Phylogenetic data suggest that the novel bacterium forms the basis of a new family Nitriliruptoraceae fam. nov. and a novel order Nitriliruptorales ord. nov. within the class Actinobacteria.
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PMID:Nitriliruptor alkaliphilus gen. nov., sp. nov., a deep-lineage haloalkaliphilic actinobacterium from soda lakes capable of growth on aliphatic nitriles, and proposal of Nitriliruptoraceae fam. nov. and Nitriliruptorales ord. nov. 1919 61


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