Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.5.1.4 (deaminase)
 5,113 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Effects of feeding the methane inhibitor, amicloral, and the deaminase inhibitor (DAI), 4,4'-dimethyldiphenyliodonium chloride, at 1,500 and 25 mg/kg of diet, respectively, were investigated in finishing steers. Digestibility and ruminal VFA and ammonia concentrations were measured in six steers per treatment. Organic matter digestibility was increased significantly by amicloral, DAI and amicloral plus DAI. There were no treatment effects on molar proportions of acetic acid or propionic acid, but butyric acid was highest (P < .05) when both additives were fed. Ruminal ammonia concentrations were lower (P < .05) with all three treatment diets. Ninety-six steers were allotted to eight groups, two pens (replicates) per treatment, in a 112-day feedlot study. Neither amicloral nor DAI had any effect on intake or daily gain, although feed efficiency was increased (P > .05) by 9 and 4%, respectively. Feeding amicloral plus DAI lowered intake by 19% (P < .05) and gains by 8% (P > .05) but increased the efficiency of feed utilization by 12% (P < .05).
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PMID:Use of feed additives to reduce ruminal methane production and deaminase activity in steers. 740 58

Threonine dehydratase/deaminase (TD), the first enzyme in the isoleucine biosynthetic pathway, is feedback inhibited by isoleucine. By screening M2 populations of ethyl methane sulfonate-treated Arabidopsis thaliana Columbia wild-type seeds, we isolated five independent mutants that were resistant to L-O-methylthreonine, an isoleucine structural analog. Growth in the mutants was 50- to 600-fold more resistant to L-O-methylthreonine than in the wild type. The resistance was due to a single, dominant nuclear gene that was denoted omr1 and was mapped to chromosome 3 in GM11b, the mutant line exhibiting the highest level of resistance. Biochemical characteristics (specific activities, Km, Vmax, and pH optimum) of TD in extracts from the wild type and GM11b were similar except for the inhibition constant of isoleucine, which was 50-fold higher in GM11b than in the wild type. Levels of free isoleucine were 20-fold higher in extracts from GM11b than in extracts from wild type. Therefore, isoleucine feedback insensitivity in GM11b is due to a mutant form of the TD enzyme encoded by omr1. The mutant allele omr1 of the line GM11b could provide a new selectable marker for plant genetic transformation.
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PMID:L-O-Methylthreonine-Resistant Mutant of Arabidopsis Defective in Isoleucine Feedback Regulation. 1222 40

Biological methane formation starts with a challenging adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-independent carbon dioxide (CO2) fixation process. We explored this enzymatic process by solving the x-ray crystal structure of formyl-methanofuran dehydrogenase, determined here as Fwd(ABCDFG)2 and Fwd(ABCDFG)4 complexes, from Methanothermobacter wolfeii The latter 800-kilodalton apparatus consists of four peripheral catalytic sections and an electron-supplying core with 46 electronically coupled [4Fe-4S] clusters. Catalysis is separately performed by subunits FwdBD (FwdB and FwdD), which are related to tungsten-containing formate dehydrogenase, and subunit FwdA, a binuclear metal center carrying amidohydrolase. CO2 is first reduced to formate in FwdBD, which then diffuses through a 43-angstrom-long tunnel to FwdA, where it condenses with methanofuran to formyl-methanofuran. The arrangement of [4Fe-4S] clusters functions as an electron relay but potentially also couples the four tungstopterin active sites over 206 angstroms.
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PMID:The methanogenic CO2 reducing-and-fixing enzyme is bifunctional and contains 46 [4Fe-4S] clusters. 2784 2