Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.5.1.1 (asparaginase)
 2,695 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Crude extracts of BCG, M. fortuitum and M. phlei, hydrolyse asparagine (I) and L-beta-asparthohydroxamic acid (III), and catalyse the synthesis of aspartohydroxamic acid from asparagine and hydroxylamine (II). The ratio between these enzymatic activities (I:II and I:III) presents a certain stability during the different steps of purification of these mycobacteria asparaginases. In particular, M. fortuitum asparaginase has been purified 90 to 130-fold, with recovery of approximately 10%. Only the fractions of supernatants which have an asparaginase activity catalyse the formation of aspartohydroxamate from asparagine and hydroxylamine. Some differences between the asparaginases of these strains are described. Particularaly, in comparison to reaction I, their abilities to catalyse reactions II and III vary noticeably from one asparaginase to an other. The asparaginase of BCG catalyses very slightly in the reactions II and III and is more specific of L-asparagine hydrolysis than are the asparaginases of M. fortuitum and of M. phlei. Furthermore, in the case of M. phlei, p-chloromercuribenzoate (pCMB) inhibits very stronly the reactions I and III and slightly reaction II, whereas conversely, for M. fortuitum, pCMB does not inhibit reactions I and III but strongly inhibits reaction II. In the case of BCG, these three reactions are not inhibited by pCMB. Moreover, the asparaginases from these strains are more or less sensitive to the ionic strength of the buffer used.
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PMID:[Asparagine metabolism in mycobacteria. II. -- Asparagine hydrolysis and aspartohydroxamic acid formation and hydrolysis catalysed by M. fortuitum, M. phlei and BCG asparaginases (author's transl)]. 23 19

Combination chemotherapy with cytosine arabinoside, cyclophosphamide and L-asparaginase (Asnase) was given to 22 children with acute lymphocytic leukaemia (ALL) with a white-cell count greater than 30 X 10(9)/1, and other features suggestive of poor prognosis. Complete remission was induced in all patients--in 19 after 2 courses of chemotherapy and in the remainder after a third course. During induction, neutropenia occurred in 18 and severe infection in 3. Anaphylaxis to Asnase occurred in 8 patients after the second course and one other had transient Asnase-induced diabetes. All patients received central-nervous-system prophylaxis after achieving remission, during which they were also treated with weekly vincristine and a 2-week course of prednisolone. Continuation therapy consisted of short cycles of intermittent chemotherapy and BCG inoculation or long cycles of intermittent chemotherapy +/- BCG. Life-table analysis shows 46% complete remission rate at 28 months, with 6 patients all in complete remission followed up between 28 and 41 months. There were minimal complications of continuation therapy, and BCG inoculation was well tolerated.
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PMID:Treatment of childhood lymphocytic leukaemia with high white-cell counts. 72 50

The asparaginase activity of the Montreal strain of BCG and of 2 of its phenotypes varies with the age of the culture; it starts to increase at the midlog phase of growth, reaches a maximum value near the end of this phase and decreases during the stationary or autolytic phase. However, the variations in this enzyme activity are greater in 2 the phenotypes than in the parental BCG.
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PMID:Asparaginase activity of BCG and its phenotypes in relation to culture phases. 76 91

Between 1972-1977, 92 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, between 0 and 14 years of age, were treated with C2-72 and D-74 protocols. Induction treatment consisted of prednisolone (PRED)-vincristine (VCR) with the addition of daunorubicin (prot. C2-72) or asparaginase (prot. D-74). In both protocols, preventive therapy on the CNS consisted of cranial irradiation (24 Gy) and 5 doses of methotrexate i.t. (MTX). For the maintenance phase in protocol C2-72, three combinations: mercaptopurine (MP)-MTX, MP-Ara.C and MTX-cyclophosphamide, were sequentially administered for 3 years, with reinductions of PRED-VCR every three months. In protocol D-74, only MP-MTX was used for 3 years; the random half of the patients also received "reinductions". In protocol C2-72, BCG was administered by scarifications for 2 years to patients in remission after 36 months; in D-74, the random-half patients received BCG and irradiated allogeneic blasts for one year. The other half of the patients received no other treatment. The overall disease-free survival rate is 45.6% with a duration of between 84 and 156 months. Only one death occurred after 7 years. In protocol C2-72, 9 of 26 initial patients (34.6%) and in protocol D-74, 33 of 66 initial patients (50%) are still alive, off treatment and with no sign of disease. Ten patients (10.8%) died in continuous remission of infection (8) or toxic encephalopathy (2); five deaths were caused by "Pn. carinii". The incidence of meningeal relapse was 11% and isolated testicular relapse in males 15.7%; moreover, in 6 of the 22 boys in remission, programmed testicular biopsy showed interstitial leukemic infiltrates. Analysis of initial risk factors permitted the establishment of a risk index (r.i.): in cases with a r.i. below 3 (76% of cases) the survival rate was 53%; in the group with a higher r.i. (24%), it was 22%. Further conclusions of this study were: the lack of effectivity of "reinductions" and immunotherapy and proof of a higher rate of relapses in males mainly owing to isolated testicular relapse.
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PMID:[Acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children. Long survivals obtained with protocols C2-72 and D-74 (1972-1977)]. 351 41

Children with acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL) were treated according to two protocols. A group of 65 patients in which prognostic factors were no taken into account were treated with a combination of vincristine, asparaginase and prednisone to induce remission, followed by neuromeningeal prophylaxis with intraraquideal methotrexate and cranial irradiation with 2400 rads, two years maintenance therapy with 6-mercaptopurine and methotrexate, and then reinforcing chemotherapy, BCG scarification and injection of irradiated leukemic cell. No relapses were observed in the first 4.5 years. After 7.5 year, general survival was of 60 per 100, with 44 per 100 disease-free. A group of ALL children having a good prognosis were treated as indicated but adding adriamycin during the induction of remission and vindesine during the maintenance period. During the first three years no relapses were seen, and the general survival was 82 per 100, including a high proportion of disease-free children.
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PMID:[Results of 2 protocols in the treatment of acute lymphoid leukemia in children, according to prognostic factors]. 696 45