Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: EC:3.4.25.1 (proteasome)
 28,817 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have identified and characterized C3b binding proteins of two primates, orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus) and gorilla (Gorilla gorilla). Detergent solubilized 125I surface-labeled E and PBMC were subjected to affinity chromatography with homologous or human iC3/C3b. These ligands bound a 225,000 single chain protein from orangutan E and PBMC and a 220,000 protein from gorilla E. Proteins of the same Mr were immunoprecipitated by a rabbit polyclonal and two murine mAb to the human CR1 (CD35). The C3b binding protein of gorilla E aligned with that of the common human CR1 polymorphic size variant. Human or orangutan iC3 was also a ligand for a surface-labeled protein doublet of 59,000 and 65,000 from orangutan E. The doublet pattern and mol wts are similar to membrane cofactor protein (or CD46). Further, this doublet was immunoprecipitated by a mAb to human MCP. The MCP-like protein doublet was not isolated from gorilla or human E. Decay accelerating factor (DAF) of orangutan E was also identified and was structurally and antigenically distinct from the MCP-like protein. Orangutan or gorilla E preparations were a cofactor for the cleavage of human iC3 by human factor I and produced the same cleavage fragments as human CR1. Cofactor activity of orangutan E was partially inhibited by preclearance of CR1 and more completely inhibited by preclearance of MCP. Cofactor activity of gorilla E was inhibited by coincubation with a monoclonal antibody to human CR1. These data indicate that the orangutan and gorilla high m.w. proteins are equivalent to human CR1. The orangutan E membrane protein doublet with m.w. of 59,000 and 65,000 possesses biochemical, antigenic, and functional properties of human membrane cofactor protein.
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PMID:Characterization of CR1- and membrane cofactor protein-like proteins of two primates. 214 Mar 91

In connection with self-administration of medicine for patients with rheumatoid arthritis, patients with weak hands and elderly patients in general, the design of many medicine containers makes them awkward to handle for the patients. In this investigation 12 different medicine containers were tested. The 12 containers represent the antirheumatic medicine containers available on the market in Denmark in 1988. Sixty patients participated in the investigation. Thirty had rheumatoid arthritis and 30 had normal hand function. The age range was 40-85 years The patients had the choice between five possible answers concerning each container. In all patients, grip strength was measured. The patients with rheumatoid arthritis were classified in four functional classes, and pulpa-vola distance end thumb--5th MCP point distance were measured. The opening mechanisms of 29% of the antirheumatic medicine containers are unacceptable; these are plastic containers with a "push-off" top and suppository packs. 46%--(containers with screw cap or pressure dispensing) are considered acceptable. For 25% (tablet and capsule blister packs) the patients' estimate varied. It is important that medicine containers can be opened by the patients without difficulty, so that they do not present a hindrance to a correct intake of medicine or result in an unnecessary admission to hospital. The results of this investigation show that it is of continuous importance to encourage the production of medicine containers that comply with the requirements of the patients.
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PMID:[Opening medicine containers]. 214 51

The water-soluble ammonium salt of 3'-azido-5'-(O-ethoxycarbonylphosphinyl)-3'-deoxythymidine (ECP-AZT), the prototype of a novel class of compounds incorporating two active antiretroviral agents, in this case 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT) and phosphonoformic acid (PFA), within the same structure, was synthesized and tested as an inhibitor of the replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in Jurkat cells, a CD4+ human T-lymphocyte cell line. The corresponding 5'-(O-methoxycarbonylphosphinyl) derivative (MCP-AZT) was also prepared. The rationale for the synthesis of ECP-AZT and MCP-AZT was that they may be cleaved intracellularly to AZT and PFA via hydrolysis of the phosphate ester bond or to AZT 5'-monophosphate by oxidative cleavage of the carbon-phosphorus bond. ECP-AZT was found to block viral replication at a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of ca. 10(-6) M as measured by reverse transcriptase (RT) activity in supernatants from cultures of infected cells. Little or no inhibition of cell growth was observed at this concentration, and there was less than 20% inhibition of cell growth at 10(-4) M. AZT itself was a more potent inhibitor of HIV-1 replication than ECP-AZT, but was also more cytotoxic. The antiviral selectivity of ECP-AZT, defined as the ratio IC50 (virus inhibition)/IC50(cell growth inhibition), was in the range considered to be therapeutic for anti-AIDS nucleosides.
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PMID:Inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication by phosphonoformate esters of 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine. 222 76

Influence of functions of cardiac pace-makers by ionizing radiation are represented, that is characterized in praxis relevant parameters as pulse duration and sensitivity in a special clear manner. For these parameters dose limits were defined in a phantom where tolerance ranges of pace-makers, guaranteed by producer, were over or underdosed. These dose values were different in dependence of installed electronic wiring diagrams. The radioresistance of pace-makers with Lewicki-wiring diagram (MCP 211 L) was higher than those with wiring diagram U 115. Measurings showed that the upper dose limits were greater than the known values with 60Co- and 9-MV-roentgen braking radiation and with that the complete programming and functional capacity of the pace-makers were conserved. The close cooperation of radiologists, physicists, cardiologists and technicians in the implantation clinic guarantees a good care for patients with pace-makers during radiotherapy without complications.
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PMID:[The functional efficiency of cardiac pacemakers as affected by ionizing radiation]. 223 22

In summary, patients with multiple hereditary exostosis often inherit hand involvement but rarely show hand deformity. The principal area of involvement appears to be around the MCP joint but the PIP joint is the most common area of deformity. Metacarpal shortening usually does not cause functional problems and need not be treated. Angular deformity, though rare, does cause problems and needs surgical treatment. Unfortunately, there is no evidence that prevention of deformity is possible by early excision of osteochondromas. Treatment, therefore, requires both osteochondroma excision and closing-wedge corrective osteotomy.
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PMID:Hand involvement in multiple hereditary exostosis. 226 78

The amino acid sequence of the neutral zinc protease from Bacillus mesentericus strain 76 (MCP 76) has been determined by using peptides derived from digests with trypsin, chymotrypsin, and cyanogen bromide and from cleavage with o-iodosobenzoic acid. The peptides were purified by means of gel filtration and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and analyzed by automatic sequencing. The protein contains 300 amino acid residues. It proved to be identical with the neutral protease deduced from the DNA precursor sequence of Bacillus subtilis. The residues for zinc and substrate binding are conserved, whereas the number of calcium binding sites is reduced compared to thermolysin. A classification of the neutral zinc protease is discussed.
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PMID:Primary structure of a zinc protease from Bacillus mesentericus strain 76. 230 86

A comparative evaluation of existing assignment criteria for rheumatoid arthritis has been undertaken as a preliminary to exploring how simpler and more efficient standards could be developed. The performances of alternative formulations of individual criteria have been evaluated, and the various criteria have been assessed singly and in combination. The two individual criteria giving rise to the greatest difficulty are morning stiffness and pain and/or tenderness, with its optional formulation. An alternative criterion, pain in at least three sites on squeezing the MCP or MTP joints, performed well. Taken in combination, better epidemiological discrimination was achieved with the threshold for the 1958 ARA criteria midway between 'definite' and 'classical' disease, with six criteria fulfilled. Most of the discriminatory power of these criteria stemmed from inclusion of radiographic and serological characteristics, which is scarcely surprising. The Rome criteria for Inactive RA and the New York criteria for RA, which were derived from them, achieved better discrimination, which suggests ways in which improvements in assignment criteria might be approached. The 1987 revision of the ARA criteria achieves disappointingly little, as important difficulties have not been resolved.
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PMID:A review of assignment criteria for rheumatoid arthritis. 240 39

The movement-related brain macropotentials (MRBMs) of 13 chronic schizophrenics (7 paranoid and 6 hebephrenic) were recorded during a motor perceptual task and compared to those of 13 normal subjects matched by age, sex and IQ. The cerebral activity was recorded from Fpz, Fz, Cz, Pz, and right and left precentral areas and the electromyographic activities from the left and right forearm flexor muscle groups. Analysis of variance was performed to test the correlation between the MRBMs and groups, sets and performances. The results indicate that the performance considered in tests of 'performance time,' as 'performance shift' and as number of 'target performances' was poorer in chronic schizophrenics than it was in the control group. In parallel with the performance, the MRBMs of chronic schizophrenics were also significantly different in comparison to the normal subjects. In particular, the BP amplitude was reduced in all areas; the MCP and P200 were also abnormally reduced. The SPP was present but it had a small amplitude in the parietal region. These differences in chronic schizophrenics could be explained as multidimensional biopsychological deficits: the disturbed performance is the result of impairment in developing appropriate changes of set, defective inhibition of sensory information, and reduced utilization of the outcome data.
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PMID:Neurophysiological correlates of psychomotor activity in chronic schizophrenics. 241 99

A cloned rat liver cell line (BRL-3A) synthesizes and secretes the somatomedin, Multiplication-Stimulating Activity (MSA), in association with its specific carrier protein (MCP). Affinity-purified MCP is a single-chain polypeptide with a molecular weight of 31,500 under non-reducing conditions and 34,000 when fully reduced. The formation of a Mr 42,000 complex following chemical crosslinking of purified MSA (Mr 8700) and MCP (Mr 34,000) suggests that these components bind in a 1:1 molar ratio on the basis of the sum of their combined molecular weights. The amino acid composition and the N-terminal amino acid sequence of MCP were also determined. Polyclonal MCP-antibody preparations were used to determine if MCP could be detected in normal rat sera. MCP could not be detected in adult rat serum, but was present at high concentrations in fetal rat serum. These results suggest that MCP is a fetal somatomedin carrier protein and that MSA-MCP complexes may be important during fetal development. The availability of antibodies directed against a purified somatomedin carrier protein will provide the opportunity to investigate further the role of carrier proteins in the biological activity of the somatomedins.
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PMID:Characterization of Multiplication-Stimulating Activity (MSA) carrier protein. 242 96

Systematic solid-phase synthesis of all possible overlapping nonapeptides of the 1381 amino acid sequence of the Epstein-Barr virus major capsid protein (EBV-MCP) was used to identify the position of linear antigen epitopes on this protein as recognised by human polyclonal antisera. Antisera were selected for reactivity with EBV-MCP on immunoblots. The results show that antibodies from different individual donors may recognise EBV-MCP through binding to a variety of different epitopes. These epitopes are localized at random over the protein backbone though some non-binding areas are also present. In addition, ten 'hot-spots' were identified containing closely-spaced reactive peptides (epitope-clusters) recognised by most (greater than or equal to 70%) individuals. No significant correlation was found between the actual location of these epitope-clusters and computer predictions using either hydrophilicity plots, secondary structure plots or a combination of (additional) parameters. Epitope-clusters generally were located in regions of indifferent or hydrophilic nature and mostly contained predicted beta-turn configurations. Only one epitope-cluster was located within a region of sequence homology with the MCPs of herpes simplex virus type 1 and varicella-zoster virus. The present study demonstrates the potential of using systematic peptide synthesis to define serologically relevant linear epitopes on large and relatively unexplored viral polypeptides.
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PMID:Epitope-mapping on the Epstein-Barr virus major capsid protein using systematic synthesis of overlapping oligopeptides. 246 Apr 80


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