Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.4.25.1 (proteasome)
 28,817 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Rat gastrocnemius showed increased protein degradation (+75-115%) at 48 h after traumatic injury. Injured muscle showed increased cathepsin B activity (+327%) and mRNA encoding cathepsin B (+670%), cathepsin L (+298%), cathepsin H (+159%), and cathepsin C (+268%). In in situ hybridization, cathepsin B mRNA localized to the mononuclear cell infiltrate in injured muscle, and only background levels of hybridization were observed either over muscle cells in injured tissue or in uninjured muscle. Immunogold/electron microscopy showed specific staining for cathepsin B only in lysosome-like structures in cells of the mononuclear cell infiltrate in injured muscle. Muscle cells were uniformly negative in the immunocytochemistry. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (granulocyte-macrophage gelatinase) mRNA and activity were not present in uninjured muscle but were expressed after trauma. There was no activation of the ATP-ubiquitin-proteasome-dependent proteolytic pathway in injured muscle, by contrast to diverse forms of muscle wasting where the activity of this system and the expression of genes encoding ubiquitin and proteasome elements rise. These results suggest that proteolytic systems of the muscle cells remain unstimulated after local injury and that lysosomal enzymes of the inflammatory infiltrated cells are likely to be the major participant in protein catabolism associated with local trauma.
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PMID:Increased muscle proteolysis after local trauma mainly reflects macrophage-associated lysosomal proteolysis. 1178 64

Myoglobin has been suggested to be a potential inhibitor of endogenous muscle proteases as different as cathepsin B, cathepsin L, cathepsin H and calpains all being supposed to be important in post-mortem muscle. The present work aimed at verifying the ability of myoglobin and its prosthetic group, hemin, to inhibit a series of endopeptidases including papain, cathepsin B, trypsin, calpains as well as two activities of the 20S proteasome. The conclusion of the present work was that inhibition of proteolytic activities of endopeptidases by myoglobin is an artifact. This was based on the following evidences: (1) a similar extent of inhibition was observed for all proteases tested whether myoglobin or hemin were added before starting the reaction or after having stopped it; (2) a quenching of the probes fluorescence by myoglobin and hemin; (3) no inhibition of calpains were found when assayed with non labeled casein as substrate and the activity expressed as the increase in the absorbency at 280 nm of the TCA soluble protein fragments.(1).
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PMID:Myoglobin inhibition of most protease activities measured with fluorescent substrates is an artifact! 2206 46