Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.4.24.3 (collagenase)
 18,340 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The composition of extracellular proteinases from Actinomyces fradiae 0072 and their effect on proteins and synthetic substrates were studied. The enzyme preparation was found to have keratinolytic, caseinolytic, collagenolytic, collagenase, trypsin-like, carboxy- and aminopeptidase activities. Five low molecular weight proteinases capable to hydrolyse keratin, casein, azocollagen were obtained via fractionation of the enzyme preparation on DEAE-cellulose and Sephadex columns. Proteinases from Act. fradiae and aminopeptidase with a molecular weight of 31,000 were shown to be different enzymes. In hydrolysis of L-leucyl-2-naphthylamide the Michaelis constant and Vmax of the enzyme were found to be 3.02 X 10(-3) M and 0.35 X 10(2) micronM/ml-min, respectively.
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PMID:[Characteristics of extracellular proteolytic enzymes of Actinomyces fradiae 0072]. 19 35

We have investigated the effect of the immunomodulator ubenimex (hereafter referred to as bestatin) on the enzymatic degradation of the extracellular matrix by human renal cell carcinoma SN12M cells during the invasive process. The invasion of SN12M cells into reconstituted basement membrane (Matrigel) was inhibited by the presence of bestatin in a concentration-dependent manner. However, bestatin did not have any effect on tumor cell adhesion and migration to the extracellular matrices which may be involved in tumor cell invasion. Bestatin inhibited the degradation of type IV collagen by tumor cells, but not by tumor-conditioned medium (TCM), in a concentration-dependent manner. We also found that bestatin inhibited hydrolysing activities towards substrates of aminopeptidases in SN12M cells. Since bestatin was found to inhibit aminopeptidase activity, the inhibition of tumor invasion by bestatin is likely to be associated with its action as an enzyme inhibitor. Bestatin only slightly inhibited tumor cell plasmin activity, which can lead to the conversion of the latent collagenase to the active form, but this slight effect was not significant. The zymography of TCM from SN12M cells showed that the treatment of tumor cells with bestatin resulted in the disappearance of the 68 kDa type IV collagenase-enzyme level (active form) and slight reduction of the 72 kDa type IV collagenase-enzyme level (latent form). These results indicated that bestatin may inhibit tumor cell invasion through a mechanism involving its inhibitory action on aminopeptidases in tumor cells, suggesting that the aminopeptidase may partly be associated with the conversion of a latent form of type IV procollagenase to an active form or the secretion of the collagenases from tumor cells.
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PMID:Inhibition of tumor invasion and extracellular matrix degradation by ubenimex (bestatin). 173 47

The effect of chlorpromazine (CPZ) on the degradation of collagen and non-collagenous peptides in clonal osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells was investigated by measuring the activities of PZ-peptidase, collagenase-like peptidase (CL-peptidase), dipeptidyl-aminopeptidase (DAP), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) (EC 3.4.11.1), and post-proline cleaving enzyme (PPCE) (EC 3.4.21.26). CPZ increased PZ-peptidase and CL-peptidase activities in a dose-related fashion, but it had no effect on LAP and PPCE activities in the cells. CPZ (10 micrograms/ml) enhanced the specific activities of PZ-peptidase, CL-peptidase, and DAP for 72 hr after the start of CPZ stimulation; in particular, about a 3.3-fold increase of PZ-peptidase activity was observed at 12 hr of culture. Furthermore, other phenothiazine derivatives specifically enhanced the PZ-peptidase, CL-peptidase, and DAP activities as well as CPZ. Since PZ-peptidase, CL-peptidase, and DAP, involved in the degradation of collagen peptides, were induced significantly by CPZ (and/or other phenothiazine derivatives) in comparison with LAP and PPCE, involved in the degradation of non-collagenous peptides, these results show that CPZ specifically stimulated collagen catabolism by inducing the collagen-catabolizing enzymes. In addition, CPZ specifically inhibited collagen synthesis in clonal osteoblasts.
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PMID:Effect of chlorpromazine on PZ-peptidase and several other peptidase activities in cloned osteoblastic cells (MC3T3-E1). 282 22

The effects of prostaglandin E2(PGE2) on the degradation of collagen and non-collagenous peptides in clonal osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells were investigated by using highly sensitive assay methods for PZ-peptidase, collagenase-like peptidase (CL-peptidase), dipeptidyl-aminopeptidase (DAP), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), and post-proline cleaving enzyme (PPCE). PGE2, at concentrations of 0.1 to 4.0 micrograms/ml, doubled the PZ-peptidase and CL-peptidase activities in the cells on 24 h culturing in a dose-dependent manner. PGE2, at a concentration of 2.0 micrograms/ml, enhanced the specific activities of PZ-peptidase, CL-peptidase, DAP, LAP, and PPCE for 75 h after the start of PGE2 stimulation. The time dependent changes in PZ-peptidase and CL-peptidase activities showed similar patterns, and 3- and 2-fold increases were seen after 48 h, respectively. The protein and DNA contents gradually increased after addition of PGE2. Since the PZ-peptidase and CL-peptidase, involved in degradation of collagen peptides, were significantly induced by PGE2 in comparison with LAP and PPCE, involved in the degradation of non-collagenous peptides, these results show that PGE2 specifically stimulates induction of collagen catabolizing enzymes in clonal osteoblasts.
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PMID:Effect of prostaglandin E2 on PZ-peptidase and several other peptidase activities in a clonal osteoblast-like cell line derived from newborn mouse calvaria. 299 71

The effect of epidermal growth factor (EGF) on collagen degradation in clonal osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells was investigated by measuring the activities of dipeptidyl-aminopeptidase (DAP) and collagenase-like peptidase (CL-peptidase). EGF at concentrations of 2 to 50 ng/ml markedly increased DAP and CL-peptidase activities in the cells. The same concentrations of this factor significantly decreased the cellular hydroxyproline content. Since DAP and CL-peptidase are thought to be enzymes involved in collagen degradation, these results suggest that a physiological concentration of EGF stimulates collagen catabolism in osteoblasts.
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PMID:Effect of epidermal growth factor on dipeptidyl-aminopeptidase and collagenase-like peptidase activities in cloned osteoblastic cells. 632 93

The N-terminal extension peptide of type III procollagen, isolated from foetal-calf skin, contains 130 amino acid residues. To determine its amino acid sequence, the peptide was reduced and carboxymethylated or aminoethylated and fragmented with trypsin, Staphylococcus aureus V8 proteinase and bacterial collagenase. Pyroglutamate aminopeptidase was used to deblock the N-terminal collagenase fragment to enable amino acid sequencing. The type III collagen extension peptide is homologous to that of the alpha 1 chain of type I procollagen with respect to a three-domain structure. The N-terminal 79 amino acids, which contain ten of the 12 cysteine residues, form a compact globular domain. The next 39 amino acids are in a collagenase triplet sequence (Gly- Xaa - Yaa )n with a high hydroxyproline content. Finally, another short non-collagenous domain of 12 amino acids ends at the cleavage site for procollagen aminopeptidase, which cleaves a proline-glutamine bond. In contrast with type I procollagen, the type III procollagen extension peptides contain interchain disulphide bridges located at the C-terminus of the triple-helical domain.
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PMID:Complete amino acid sequence of the N-terminal extension of calf skin type III procollagen. 633 92

The incidence of infectious diseases increases with ageing. The enzymatic activity of leucocytes may have a relevant role in the morbidity and mortality due to infections in the elderly. In this study we have compared the activity of enzymes involved in the inflammatory response in leucocytes from young and elderly women. A total of 35 healthy females was studied, 20 volunteers aged 78-98 years (mean 89.1 years) and 15 young controls aged 19-34 years (mean 26 years). All of them were in good clinical condition, without any acute or chronic disease. Intracellular enzyme activity was analysed by flow cytometry in leucocytes from young and elderly women. The enzyme substrates employed were for oxidative burst, L-aminopeptidase, collagenase, cathepsin B, C, D and, G and dipeptidyl peptidase I. The intracellular enzyme activity assessed by flow cytometry in leucocytes from young and elderly women was similar, as far as oxidative burst, L-aminopeptidase, cathepsin B, C, D and G are concerned. An increased collagenase activity was detected in granulocytes from elders. The mean fluorescence channels for this enzyme corresponded to 86 +/- 23 and 60 +/- 15 in cells from elders and controls, respectively (P = 0.01224). An increased dipeptidyl peptidase I activity was detected in lymphocytes from elderly women. The corresponding values for this enzyme in elders and the young were 65.9 +/- 43.3 and 17.3 +/- 5, respectively (P = 0. 0036). The proper functional activity of intracellular enzymes involved in inflammatory responses is likely to be determinant for successful ageing.
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PMID:Increased collagenase and dipeptidyl peptidase I activity in leucocytes from healthy elderly people. 1036 Dec 29

Synthetic fluorogenic substrates, like the CellProbe reagents, can determine enzymes in vital human spermatozoa. These substrates will enter the cells without previous cell permeabilization and exhibit fluorescence after cleavage depending on enzyme activity. They consist of different peptide sequences, specific for the enzymes, and a fluorescein- or rhodamine 110-dye moiety. The number of positive cells and the intensity of the fluorescence can be determined by flow cytometric analysis. We investigated several enzymes (peptidases, proteinases, esterases, elastases and collagenases) in intact spermatozoa before and after cryoprotection. Semen samples with normal spermiogram parameters were cryoprotected using the freezing medium TEST yolk buffer (TYB). Fresh spermatozoa showed a marked fluorescence after incubation with the synthetic substrates for the aminopeptidase M, butyryl esterase, fluorescein diacetate (FDA)-and FDA/sodium fluoride (NAF)-esterase, ala-ala-pro-val (AAPV)-elastase, gly pro-leu-gly pro-(GPLGP)-collagenase, gly gly leu-(GGL)-subtilisin as well as lys-ala-(LA)-dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP) II. After cryopreservation the spermatozoal fluorescence increased applying substrates for butyryl esterase (P<0.05), prolyl-aminopeptidase (P<0.001) and val-lys-(VK)-cathepsin (P<0.001) most probably due to elevated enzyme activities. The activities of FDA-esterase (P<0.05) and FDA/NAF-esterase (P<0.05), AAPV-elastase (P<0.01), GPLGP-collagenase (P<0.05) and GGL-subtilisin (P<0.001) decreased after cryopreservation. The substrates for arg-gly glut-ser-(RGES)-elastase, gly phenyl-gly ala-(GFGA)-collagenase and threo-pro-(TP)-cathepsin were not cleaved before as well as after cryostorage. The substrates for subtilisin an
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PMID:Flow cytometric analysis of enzymes in live spermatozoa before and after cryostorage. 1113 45

To identify genes that were altered by spinal cord injury (SCI), we used complementary DNA microarray consisting 1176 rat genes. Rats were subjected to contusive injury of the thoracic spinal cord. Sham animals received only a laminectomy. Twenty-four hours later, spinal cord was dissected out, a 32P labeled probe was prepared and hybridized to the microarray. We identified three genes that showed a greater than 2-fold increase in SCI tissue, heat shock 27-kDa protein, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 and epidermal fatty acid-binding protein. Seven genes, lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase, dipeptidyl aminopeptidase related protein, phospholipase C delta 4, plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase isoform 2, G-protein GO alpha subunit, GABA transporter 3, and neuroendrocrine protein 7B2 were down-regulated greater than 50% in SCI tissue. Changes in expression of these genes were confirmed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. These genes may play a role in the response to tissue damage or repair following SCI.
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PMID:Analysis of gene expression following spinal cord injury in rat using complementary DNA microarray. 1209 53

The effects of cryopreservation on two characteristics of human spermatozoa were investigated: the early phases of disturbed plasma membrane function and the activity of enzymes in intact spermatozoa. The membrane function was detected by means of the calcium-dependent binding of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-conjugated Annexin V to sperm plasma membranes. Annexin V monitors the translocation of phosphatidylserine from the inner to the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane, which is one of the earliest features of membrane disintegration. For the second aim synthetic fluorogenic substrates for peptidases, proteinases, esterases, elastases and collagenases were applied. These substrates, CellProbe trade mark reagents consist of different peptide sequences, specific for the enzymes, and a fluorescein- or rhodamine 110-dye moiety. They enter the cells without previous membrane permeabilisation and exhibit fluorescence after cleavage depending on enzyme activity. The number of positive cells and the intensity of the fluorescence were determined by flow cytometric analysis comparing fresh spermatozoa with cryopreserved ones. Thirty-five semen samples collected from 35 donors were cryopreserved using the freezing medium TEST yolk buffer. All specimens showed normal spermiogram parameters. Twenty-five of the samples were used for detection of Annexin V-FITC binding and 10 semen samples for investigations of the intracellular enzymes. The Annexin V-assay applied two fluorescent dyes (Annexin V, AN and propidium iodide, PI) which led to three groups of spermatozoa (a) viable spermatozoa (AN V-negative and PI-negative), (b) dead spermatozoa (AN V-positive and PI-positive) and (c) cells with impaired but integer plasma membrane (AN V-positive and PI-negative). The percentage of vital Annexin V-negative spermatozoa (x +/- SEM) decreased significantly (p < 0.001) from fresh spermatozoa (51.6 +/- 3.1) to cryopreserved spermatozoa (26.6 +/- 2.2%) and was associated with their motility (57.9 +/- 1.9% motile fresh spermatozoa vs. 22.6 +/- 3.9% motile sperm after cryopreservation). Of the spermatozoa 28.2% were Annexin V-positive before and 44.4% after cryostorage even though they did not bind to PI. Thus, vital spermatozoa showed a disturbed membrane function indicating viability before as well as after cryostorage. Moreover, after cryopreservation the spermatozoal fluorescence increased applying substrates for butyryl esterase (p < 0.05), prolyl-aminopeptidase (p < 0.001) and val-lys-(VK)-cathepsin (p < 0.001). In contrast, the activities of fluorescein diacetate (FDA)- and FDA/sodium fluoride (NAF)-esterase (p < 0.05), ala-ala-pro-val-(AAPV)-elastase (p < 0.001), gly-pro-leu-gly-pro-(GPLGP)-collagenase (p < 0.05) and gly-gly-leu-(GGL)-subtilisin (p < 0.001) decreased after cryopreservation. The substrates for arg-gly-glut-ser-(RGES)-elastase, gly-phenyl-gly-ala-(GFGA)-collagenase and threo-pro-(TP)-cathepsin were not cleaved before as well as after cryostorage. In addition to the known effects of sperm cryopreservation our results showed two further alterations of human ejaculated spermatozoa: (a) disturbed plasma membrane function, which is not detectable by supravital staining and (b) a changed pattern of intracellular enzyme activities.
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PMID:Hidden effects of cryopreservation on quality of human spermatozoa. 1525 59


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