Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: EC:3.4.24.3 (collagenase)
 18,340 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The susceptibility of the organic matrix from permanent bovine incisor roots to proteolytic breakdown after in vitro lesion formation was investigated. Root surfaces were exposed to 0.1 M acetic acid, pH 4.0, to produce erosive lesions or to 0.1 M lactic acid, 0.2 mM methane hydroxy diphosphonate, pH 5.0, to produce subsurface lesions. After demineralization, the roots were treated with a bacterial collagenase. The quantity of enzyme-degradable collagen in the root tissue was found to be proportional to the calcium released during demineralization, until a plateau value was reached at calcium concentrations in solution of 3.3 mM at pH 4.0 and 2.7 mM at pH 5.0. The degradability of collagen was found to be substantially less in subsurface lesions than in erosive lesions. The presence of cementum-free areas did not affect the results. These findings suggest that the mineral component of the roots is composed of several fractions which differ in their solubility properties in weak acids.
 ...
PMID:Susceptibility of the collagenous matrix from bovine incisor roots to proteolysis after in vitro lesion formation. 164 3

This study deals with the role of collagen in the remineralization of bovine incisor root lesions. The degradability of the collagenous matrix after in vitro remineralization was also investigated. The root surfaces were exposed to 0.1 M acetic acid, pH 4.0, to produce erosive lesions or to 0.1 M lactic acid, 0.2 mM methane hydroxy diphosphonate, pH 5.0, to produce subsurface lesions. After demineralization, the roots were subjected to remineralization, with or without prior treatment with a bacterial collagenase to remove accessible collagen. Remineralization was carried out in solutions with a Ca/Pi molar ratio of 1.67, and [Ca]. [Pi] concentration products of 0.6, 1.35 or 2.4 mM2, with all solutions having an ionic strength of 0.15 M, and a pH of 7.0. After remineralization, the roots that were not treated with collagenase were incubated with the enzyme. The results indicate that remineralization of erosive lesions is surface-controlled and that of subsurface lesions diffusion-controlled. For both lesion types it was shown that the removal of collagen before remineralization did not affect the rate of mineral deposition in the root lesions. Nevertheless, remineralization in those lesions where accessible collagen had not been removed resulted in a significant reduction in the amount of degradable collagen. The observations of this study suggest that remineralization did not occur by nucleation of mineral on the organic matrix but rather by growth of residual crystals in the partially demineralized root tissue.
 ...
PMID:Remineralization of bovine incisor root lesions in vitro: the role of the collagenous matrix. 207 Mar 81

Protease-deficient mutants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa obtained by ethyl methane sulphonate treatment were found to show pleiotropic effect on various extracellular toxin activities. Of eight mutants five were completely deficient in lecithinase and four in collagenase activity. The decreased hemolytic activity was obtained in five mutants and enterotoxin activity in seven mutants as compared to parent strain.
 ...
PMID:Pleiotropic changes in the activities of extracellular toxins of Pseudomonas aeruginosa protease-deficient mutants. 248 46

Bis(5-amidino-2-benzimidazolyl)methane (BABIM) is a synthetic aromatic amidine compound which has a number of important biochemical effects, including inhibition of a family of esteroproteases (trypsin, urokinase, plasmin) previously linked to the complex process of tumor invasion. Previous work has suggested that exogenous natural protease inhibitors can block invasion of tumor cells across basement membranes (BM) in vitro. The authors studied the effect of BABIM on the human cell line HT-1080 with the use of a quantitative in vitro amnion invasion assay system. They have verified the ability of these cells to grow in nude mice and metastasize via the lymphatics or blood vessels on the basis of the route of administration of the inoculum. Cells which were able to actively cross the entire BM were trapped on filters and counted by both brightfield microscopy and by beta scintillation counting of cells whose DNA was labeled with tritiated thymidine. In agreement with either counting technique, BABIM, at a concentration of 10(-4) M, significantly inhibited invasion (P less than 0.005) over the 7-day course of the experiments. Under these conditions, the inhibitor was nontoxic and did not alter the attachment of the cells to the amniotic membrane. Furthermore, a highly significant inhibition of invasion (P less than 0.001) was also demonstrated across a variation in molar concentration of BABIM of more than 2 orders of magnitude. Most remarkably, cells were initially inhibited in their ability to invade in the presence of between 10(-9) and 10(-3) M BABIM. Measurement of Type IV specific collagenase in media from these cells shows a significant inhibition of activity in the presence of BABIM. These results suggest two, not necessarily exclusive, alternative interpretations: first, that inhibition of the proteolytic steps along the pathway of activation of basement membrane degrading enzymes results in inhibition of invasion; second, that arginine directed esteroproteases may work in concert with cellular collagenolytic metalloproteinases in the process of invasion by human tumor cells through native matrix barriers.
 ...
PMID:In vitro inhibition of human sarcoma cells' invasive ability by bis(5-amidino-2-benzimidazolyl)methane--a novel esteroprotease inhibitor. 300 61

This work describes a neutral and alkaline elution method for measuring DNA single-strand breaks (SSBs), DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), and DNA-DNA crosslinks in rat testicular germ cells after treatments in vivo or in vitro with both chemical mutagens and gamma-irradiation. The methods depend upon the isolation of testicular germ cells by collagenase and trypsin digestion, followed by filtration and centrifugation. 137Cs irradiation induced both DNA SSBs and DSBs in germ cells held on ice in vitro. Irradiation of the whole animal indicated that both types of DNA breaks are induced in vivo and can be repaired. A number of germ cell mutagens induced either DNA SSBs, DSBs, or cross-links after in vivo and in vitro dosing. These chemicals included methyl methane sulfonate, ethyl methane sulfonate, ethyl nitrosurea, dibromochlorpropane, ethylene dibromide, triethylene melamine, and mitomycin C. These results suggest that the blood-testes barrier is relatively ineffective for these mutagens, which may explain in part their in vivo mutagenic potency. This assay should be a useful screen for detecting chemical attack upon male germ-cell DNA and thus, it should help in the assessment of the mutagenic risk of chemicals. In addition, this approach can be used to study the processes of SSB, DSB, and crosslink repair in DNA of male germ cells, either from all stages or specific stages of development.
 ...
PMID:DNA single-strand breaks, double-strand breaks, and crosslinks in rat testicular germ cells: measurements of their formation and repair by alkaline and neutral filter elution. 391 81

Curcumin (diferuloyl methane), the major pigment from the rhizome of Curcuma longa L., has been widely studied for its tumor-inhibiting properties. Recent studies indicate that curcumin can modify cell receptor binding, it also affects intracellular signalling reactions. Curcumin-treated B16F10 melanoma cells formed eight-fold fewer lung metastases in C57BL6 mice. In the cell adhesion assays, curcumin-treated cells showed a dose-dependent reduction in their binding to four extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. The binding to fibronectin, vitronectin, and collagen IV decreased by over 50% in 24 hours, and by 100% after 48 hours of curcumin treatment, it persisted at this level even after 15 days of cultivating cells in curcumin-free medium. Curcumin-treated cells showed a marked reduction in the expression of alpha5beta1 and alpha(v)beta3 integrin receptors. In addition, curcumin treatment inhibited pp125 focal adhesion kinase (FAK), tyrosine phosphorylation of a 120 kD protein, and collagenase activity. Curcumin enhances the expression of antimetastatic proteins, tissue inhibitor metalloproteinase (TIMP)-2, nonmetastatic gene 23 (Nm23), and E-cadherin. In this article we report on the effect of curcumin on the expression of integrin, TIMP-2, Nm23, E-cadherin, adhesion, and metalloproteinase activity.
 ...
PMID:Curcumin exhibits antimetastatic properties by modulating integrin receptors, collagenase activity, and expression of Nm23 and E-cadherin. 1267 5

Marine Benthic Group D (MBG-D) archaea, discovered by 16S rRNA gene survey decades ago, are ecologically important, yet understudied and uncultured sedimentary archaea. In this study, a comprehensive meta-analysis based on the 16S rRNA genes of MBG-D archaea showed that MBG-D archaea are one of the most frequently found archaeal lineages in global sediment with widespread distribution and high abundance, including 16 subgroups in total. Interestingly, some subgroups show significant segregations toward salinity and methane seeps. Co-occurrence analyses indicate significant non-random association of MBG-D archaea with Lokiarchaeota (in both saline and freshwater sediments) and Hadesarchaea, suggesting potential interactions among these archaeal groups. Meanwhile, based on four nearly complete metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) and corresponding metatranscriptomes reconstructed from mangrove and intertidal mudflat sediments, we provide insights on metabolic potentials and ecological functions of MBG-D archaea. MBG-D archaea appear to be capable of transporting and assimilating peptides and generating acetate and ethanol through fermentation. Metatranscriptomic analysis suggests high expression of genes for acetate and amino acid utilization and for peptidases, especially the M09B-type extracellular peptidase (collagenase) showing high expression levels in all four mangrove MAGs. Beyond heterotrophic central carbon metabolism, the MBG-D genomes include genes that might encode two autotrophic pathways: Wood-Ljundahl (WL) pathways using both H4MPT and H4folate as C1 carriers, and an incomplete dicarboxylate/4-hydroxybutyrate cycle with alternative bypasses from pyruvate to malate/oxaloacetate during dicarboxylation. These findings reveal MBG-D archaea as an important ubiquitous benthic sedimentary archaeal group with specific mixotrophic metabolisms, so we proposed the name Thermoprofundales as a new Order within the Class Thermoplasmata. Globally, Thermoprofundales and other benthic archaea might synergistically transform benthic organic matter, possibly playing a vital role in sedimentary carbon cycle.
 ...
PMID:Genomic and transcriptomic insights into the ecology and metabolism of benthic archaeal cosmopolitan, Thermoprofundales (MBG-D archaea). 3051 72