Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound   Target Concepts: Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound

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Query: EC:3.4.24.3 (collagenase)
18,340 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Catechol analogs inhibit the formation of hydroxylysine-derived intermolecular collagen cross links in tissue cultures of chick embryo calvaria. Formation of intermolecular collagen cross links was measured following incorporation of [14C]lysine, reduction with sodium borohydride, and elution from an ion exchange column with a pyridine-formate gradient. Cultures grown in the presence of 10(-3) M catechol, 10(-3) M dopamine, 10(-3) M L-dopa, or 10(-3) M D,L-serine-(2,3,4-trihydroxybenzyl)-hydrazide demonstrated between 43 and 84% inhibition of hydroxylysine formation. Collagen biosynthesis was not diminished in these cultures as compared to controls without additions or with beta-aminopropionitrile when measured by collagenase digestion. The formation of hydroxylysine-derived intermolecular cross links was inhibited 34 to 93% for 5,5'-dihydroxylysinonorleucine and 7 to 71% for 5-hydroxylysinonorleucine. The catechol analogs also inhibit the activity of lysyl hydroxylase as measured by specific tritium release as triated water from an L-[4,5-3H]lysine-labeled unhydroxylated collagen substrate prepared from chick calvaria. Since catechol analogs inhibit the formation of hydroxylysine in a cell-free assay, these compounds must pass into the cells of calvaria in this culture system to inhibit intracellular hydroxylysine formation and subsequently to diminish the reducible intermolecular cross links of the newly synthesized collagen.
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PMID:In vitro inhibition of collagen cross links by catechol analogs. 1 15

A peptidase cleaving a synthetic substrate for collagen peptidases, 4-phenylazobenzyloxcarbonyl-L-Pro-L-Leu-Gly-L-pro-D-Arg (designated as PZ-peptide) has been purified 1200-fold from rabbit serum and characterized. The enzyme preparation is free of collagenase and unspecific proteinase activity. The natural substrates are denatured collagen and collagen peptides. The peptidase has a molecular weight of 124 000 and an isoelectric point at pH 5.1. The pH dependence curve exhibits two maxima, one at pH 7.1 and the other at pH 7.9. The enzymic reaction is completely inhibited by Zn2+ and to a slower degree by Hg2+, Mn2+ and p-hydroxymercuribenzoate. It is not affected by EDTA and KCN but totally blocked by o-phenanthroline. Phenylmethylsulfonylfluoride is completely inhibitory and points to a serine residue in the active site.
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PMID:Purification and properties of a collagen peptidase (PZ-peptidase) from rabbit serum. 4 Jun 8

Thioglycolate-stimulated mouse peritoneal macrophages secrete a Proteinase which degrades insoluble elastin. There is little elastase activity in cell lysates but the bulk of the enzyme accumulates extracellularly during culture in serum-free medium. The secretion of elastase is sustained for over 12 days in culture and continued secretion of elastase requires protein synthesis. Unstimulated macrophages secrete very little elastase activity but can be triggered to secrete higher levels of this enzyme by phagocytosis and intracellular storage of latex particles. The macrophages elastase is a distinctive proteinase differing from the elastases of pancreas and granulocytes and is distinct from the other secreted proteinases of macrophages, namely, collagenase and plasminogen activator. The macrophages elastase is a serine proteinase and is inhibited by di-isopropyl phosphoro-fluoridate, ovoinhibitor, EDTA, dithiothretiol, and serum. Its activity is little affected by soybean trypsin inhibitor, turkey ovomucoid and chloromethyl ketones derived from tosyl lysine, tosyl phenylalanine, and acetyltetra alanine. Hydrolysis by macrophage elastase of chromogenic ester substrates for pancreatic elastase could not be detected. Elastase secretion by stimulated macrophages exceeds that by primary and established fibroblast cell strains. It is likely that elastase secretion by macrophages plays a major role in the pathogenesis of chronic destructive pulmonary diseases such as emphysema.
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PMID:Elastase secretion by stimulated macrophages. Characterization and regulation. 16 96

Protein accounted for an average of 8.7% w/w of the hyaluronic acid obtained from rooster comb dermis extracts and three types of peptide constituents appeared to be present. A few collagen-like fibers were closely associated with the hyaluronic acid when samples were examined in the electron microscope and collagenase treatment decreased the intrinsic viscosity from 7000-5000 ml/g to 3900-2700 ml/g. The quantities of collagen present, however, were too small to detect chemically with the methods employed. The major peptide consituent was readily separated from the hyaluronic acid by fractionation in a cesium chloride gradient or by treatment with pronase. The viscosity was decreased by the density gradient procedure but not by the pronase digestion. Repeated fractionation in a cesium chloride gradient decreased the intrinsic viscosity still further and a small peptide constituent with a high glycine and serine content remained associated with a hyaluronic acid. The data suggest that an interaction or entanglement with collagen fibers is responsible for the high viscosity of hyaluronic acid in this tissue extract and that the viscosity of purified hyaluronic acid preparations is dependent upon interactions between adjacent polysaccharide chains. Interactions between the major peptide constituent and polysaccharide chains or the small residual peptide component remaining with hyaluronic acid after extensive purification procedures, however, appear to be involved in some organized structure because the presence of the major peptide constituent minimized the decrease in viscosity that occurred when hyaluronic acid samples were lyophilized.
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PMID:Studies on hyaluronic acid. V. Relationship between the protein content and viscosity of rooster comb dermis hyaluronic acid. 17 5

Hydroxyproline-containing structural glycopeptide fractions were isolated from collagenase-digested neutral salt-insoluble collagen of five-day sponge-implant connective tissue of the rat. The glycopeptide fractions characterized migrate as a single, strongly anionic band on disc gel electrophoresis at pH 9.5, are eluted on gel filtration as a small molecular weight peak, approximately 2000, and are resolved into thirteen glycopeptide fractions by DEAE-cellulose chromatography. Amino acid analyses of some of these fractions indicate a similarity in composition, the principal ones being aspartic and glutamic acids, serine, glycine, alanine, valine, proline and hydroxyproline. Three neutral carbohydrates, glucose, mannose and xylose, in different relative proportions and hexosamine are also present in the fractions. Amino-terminal amino acid determinations indicate a microheterogeneity of the glycopeptides. The electrophoretic behaviour and non-diffusibility of the small molecular weight glycopeptides suggest an intimate association between acidic hydroxyproline-containing peptides and carbohydrate components of developing connective tissue.
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PMID:Hydroxyproline-containing structural glycopeptide fractions from subacute inflammation connective tissue. 17 78

1. The involuting rat uterus displays an extremely rapid breakdown of collagen. Collagenase activity can be assayed directly in the insoluble 6000g pellet of uterine homogenates. At 1 day post partum, about 85% of this collagenase activity is in a latent form. 2. This latent form can be activated by trypsin or by a serine proteinase present in the uterine pellets. 3. The activating enzyme of the tissue is inhibited by a wide spectrum of trypsin inhibitors, including Trasylol, soya-bean and lima-bean trypsin inhibitors, snail inhibitor and di-isopropyl phosphoro-fluoridate. Partial inhibition is produced by benzamidine, phenylmethanesulphonyl fluoride, epsilon-aminohexanoate, leupeptin, antipain and alpha1-antitrypsin. Ovomucoid, 7-amino-1-chloro-3-tosylamido-1-heptan-2-one and 1-chloro-4-phenyl-3-(N-benzyloxy-carbonyl)amino-L-butan-2-one are not inhibitory. 4. Extraction of uterine pellets with 0.1 M-CaCl2 at 60 degrees C releases both latent and active collagenase. Exclusion chromatography on Sephadex G-100 gives an apparent molecular weight of approx. 77000 for the latent form and 66000 for the active form. The latent form is suggested to be a zymogen of collagenase.
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PMID:A latent form of collagenase in the involuting rat uterus and its activation by a serine proteinase. 19 99

An endogenous substrate for adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate-dependent protein kinase has been solubilized, and purified about 5,000-fold to apparent homogeneity, from a particulate fraction of bovine cerebral cortex enriched in synaptic membranes. This endogenous substrate, referred to as Protein I, is apparently specific to nervous tissue, and is composed of two types of polypeptides, present in a proportion of 1 (Protein Ia, 86,000 daltons) to 2 (Protein Ib, 80,000 daltons). In the presence of cAMP-dependent Protein I kinase purified from the same membrane fractions, Proteins Ia and Ib incorporated 0.83 and 0.81 mol of phosphate into serine/mol of peptide, respectively. Proteins Ia and Ib have similar amino acid compositions and have isoelectric points of 10.3 and 10.2, respectively. Both types of polypeptide have a relatively high content of glycine and proline, and both are degraded to a peptide of 48,000 daltons by highly purified collagenase, suggesting that Proteins Ia and Ib contain some sequences similar to those observed in collagen. The sedimentation coefficient of Protein Ia and Protein Ib was determined to be 2.9 S. The data suggest that both Protein Ia and Protein Ib have an elongated shape.
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PMID:Adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate-regulated phosphoprotein system of neuronal membranes. I. Solubilization, purification, and some properties of an endogenous phosphoprotein. 19 3

Chemical and enzymatic properties of four collagenases newly isolated from anaerobic Clostridium histolyticum, aerobic Achromobacter iophagus, and from two lower eucaryotes, the fungus Entomophthora coronata and the insect Hypoderma lineatum are reviewed. The problems of their biosynthesis and precursors, namely the effect of induction of collagenase and neutral proteinase in Achromobacter by their macromolecular substrates are discussed. The two bacterial collagenases are Zn-metallo-enzymes; the highly purified Clostridium collagenase contains cyst(e)ine, serine phosphate and tryptophan additionally to amino acids reported previously. Achromobacter collagenase has the highest specific activity of all collagenases; it yields by autolysis enzymatically active degraded forms. The active dimer is composed of two identical subunits of molecular weight 35,000. Similarities between Achromobacter collagenase, thermolysin and Bacillus subtilis neutral proteinase in molecular weight, amino acid composition, and amino acids important for the active sites are discussed. The two collagenases from low eucaryotes are serine proteinases; Hypoderma collagenase is homologous to the trypsin family in the amino terminal sequence. The initial cleavage of native collagen by highly purified bacterial collagenases occurs in the central helical part of the alpha chains and not progressively from the amino terminal end. One of the two initial cleavages produced by Achromobacter collagenase is situated in the region cleaved specifically by vertebrate collagenases, but with different bond specificity. The same is true for the insect collagenase. Entomophthora collagenase is a proteinase of broad specificity which also cleaves collagen in its helical parts. All four collagenases also degrade other proteins according to their bond specificity.
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PMID:Some newly characterized collagenases from procaryotes and lower eucaryotes. 22 May 20

The bovine dentin matrix still contains some noncollagenous proteins after thorough extraction and decalcification. These have been obtained following digestion of the matrix by cyanogen bromide. Peptides containing non-collagenous portions were isolated by chromatography on diethylaminoethyl cellulose columns and fractionated on hydroxyapatite columns. Several fractions were obtained. The principal component was a complex between a highly-phosphorylated serine-aspartic acid-rich protein and a collagen peptide. These collagenous and non-collagenous moieties could not be separated from each other even under highly dissociative solvent conditions. After digestion with collagenase, the resulting phosphoprotein fraction still contained a few residues of hydroxyproline and hydroxylysine, and an enhanced content of proline, compared to the equivalent directly extractable phosphophoryn of the matrix. These data were interpreted as indicating that the phosphophoryn which is not extractable in 0.5M ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid is in fact covalently bound to some specific section of the matrix collagen. The covalent modification of the collagen matrix with highly acidic phosphoproteins may have an important role in the mineralization process.
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PMID:The nature of covalent complexes of phosphoproteins with collagen in the bovine dentin matrix. 22 56

1. Total, active and latent collagenase activities were determined by direct assay of tissue homogenates. 2. The rate of collagen breakdown during post-partum involution of the rat uterus is correlated with the total activity of collagenase. Both are low at parturition, reach a maximum within 24h and fall slowly to low values of 5 days post partum. This temporal correlation strongly supports the hypothesis that collagenase participates in collagen breakdown in vivo. 3. Further support for this hypothesis is provided by the finding that oestradiol-17 beta (100 micrograms/day, intraperitoneally injected), which inhibits the breakdown of collagen by 36% during the first 4 days of involution, produces a closely corresponding decrease in total collagenase activity. 3. The effect of oestradiol in lowering collagenase activity is not due to alterations in collagen substrate, collagenase kinetic behaviour or latent-to-active enzyme conversion. 4. Of the total assayable collagenase, about 35% is fully active and 65% is in a latent form. 5. About 70% of this latent form can be activated by a serine proteinase found, together with collagenase, in the insoluble fraction of uterine homogenates.
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PMID:Total, latent and active collagenase during the course of post-partum involution of the rat uterus. Effect of oestradiol. 22 69


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